Ain Shams University, Faculty of AgricultureArab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences1110-267513120050301ECONOMIC EVALUATION FOR IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON EGYPTIAN COTTON PRODUCTION1291527810.21608/ajs.2005.15278ENM.A.Gad1- Central Laboratory for Design and Statistical Analysis Research, Agricultural Research
Center, Giza, EgyptAbo-ZaiedAtiyat M.E.2- Department of Agricultural Economic, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza,
Egypt.GabrEnas, M.M.1- Central Laboratory for Design and Statistical Analysis Research, Agricultural Research
Center, Giza, EgyptHussienHeba M.F.1- Central Laboratory for Design and Statistical Analysis Research, Agricultural Research
Center, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20041206Cotton in Egypt has an important economic situation. Thus the study aimed to
evaluate the expected economic effects and productivity of environmental factors on
Egyptian cotton production. This comes by predicting production yield value and
evaluating its return due to cultural and environmental desired and undesired
variables. So, convenient production pattern could be determined to obtain
maximum yield under these variables effect. The study clarified that expected cotton
yield under desired environmental variables will be ranges between 4169-4336
thousand quintar, with an average equal 4253 thousand quintar. This production will
realize national net income ranges between 429.37- 474.68 million L.E., with an
average equal 452.03 million L. E. Meanwhile, the expected cotton yield under
undesired environmental variables ranges between 3171- 3338 thousand quintar
with an average equals 3255 thousand quintar. This yield will realize national net
income ranges between 33.37- 78.60 million L. E. with an average equals 55.99
million L.E. The study also indicated that cotton crop is one of the extremely
affected crops by the environmental and cultural variables extended in its production
zones due its long life period. This is detected by its decrease in the production value
undesired environmental factors, where this decrease ranges between 23.02% to
23.94% of theAin Shams University, Faculty of AgricultureArab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences1110-267513120050301ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR ORGANIC AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY53781528510.21608/ajs.2005.15285ENJournal Article20041101The agricultural policy in Egypt showed great importance for improving organic
agriculture technology to produce clean and safe crops and foods. This will have
positive economic and environmental response on human beings, animals, plants
and soils. The present study aimed to clarify success opportunities for cultivating
cotton, summer potatoes and wormwood under organic system in Egypt. The study
made also a comparison between organic and chemical agriculture in sandy soils, by
testing investment efficiency for organic agriculture in the sandy soils. The study
states that total area of organic agriculture was about 26.3 thousand feddan in 2003,
and this area is increasing at about 1941 feddan a year. These areas expected to be
nearly 35 thousand feddan in year 2010. The economic production that realize the
economic efficiency could not be obtained at least before 5-7 years to gain complete
use from adding organic matter to sandy soil. The preference of organic agriculture
over chemical agriculture is due to its advantage in enhancing mechanical soil
properties and avoiding chemical pollution of agriculture. Another advantage of
organic agriculture is to keep environmental balance of living organisms in soil and
enhancing vertical agricultural increase in sandy soils to add indirectly new
agriculture area to present agricultural land. The two criteria used in the study; net
cash flow and cost/ benefit ratio indicated the advantage of organic agriculture over
chemical agriculture for cotton, potatoes and wormwood crops. Meanwhile, the
internal rate of return in case of chemical cropping was higher than that of organic
agriculture for cotton and summer potatoes. This may be due to the great loss of
nutrient elements occurred by leakage, and thus decreasing total benefit from adding
organic matter in the first years of organic agriculture. The increase of the internal
rate of return of the two crops organically cultivated in the sandy soils is an indicator
for its economicAin Shams University, Faculty of AgricultureArab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences1110-267513120050301IMPACT OF DOMESTIQUE CULTURE VARIATIONS ON THE DEGREE OF POLITICAL PARTICIPATION FOR RURAL WOMEN IN EGYPT791041528910.21608/ajs.2005.15289ENH.MKorkarApplied and Basic Agric. Science Department, High Institute for Agricultural Coop-eration, Shobra El-Kheima, Cairo, EgyptHanaaH.ADepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, EgyptKh.AEl-Dougdoug- Department of Agric. Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shobra El-Kheima, Cairo, EgyptIbrahimRihan.Rural Sociology & Agric. Extension Dept., Faculty of Agric., Ain Shams Univ.,
Shoubra El-Khema Cairo, EgyptYehiaMagdi A.Rural Sociology & Agric. Extension Dept., Faculty of Agric., Ain Shams Univ.,
Shoubra El-Khema Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20041004The recent study aims to identify the Impact of Domestique culture variations on
the degree of political participation for rural women at two different sub-cultures in
rural Egypt. In addition identify factors affecting the degree of rural women
participation in political issues. In order to accomplish the study objectives,
Qalubiya Governorate was selected to represent the culture of Lower-Egypt
Governorates, and Minia Governorate was selected to represent the culture of
Upper-Egypt Governorates. Each Governorate,s administrative districts were divided
into three categories (High, Medium, Low) based upon their human development
indices, related to status of woman at those communities. Two districts were
selected randomly from the medium category of the common human development
index, Banha district from Qalubiya Governorate, and Maghagha district from Minia
Governorate. From each of those districts two local village units were randomly
selected. Within each of those previously mentioned villages, a random sample of
160 rural women was selected, and the total sample was 640 rural women. A
questionnaire was designed and collected using the personal interview (after it was
pre-tested) during August, September, and October 2003, then the data were
tabulated and analyzed by using X2 coefficient. The study findings showed that
about 43% of the total sample have low level of political participation, medium
category represents about 28%, and high category of the political participationAin Shams University, Faculty of AgricultureArab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences1110-267513120050301EFFECT OF THE INTERRACTION BETWEEN NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM ON GROWTH CHARACTERS AND YIELD OF WHEAT UNDER DRY FARMING CONDITIONS1051281530210.21608/ajs.2005.15302ENJournal Article20040417Two field experiments were carried out at El-Khroub experimental station, east of Constantine, Algeria, to evaluate the effect of N, P, K fertilization and their interaction on growth characters and yield of wheat grown on calcareous soil. The design of each experiment was split-split plot. Urea was applied as folier application to one experiment to evaluate the supplementel application of nitrogen under dry farming conditions. The results showed that the main stem height, number and height of tillers and number of leaves were varried according to the levels of N, P, K fertilization as well as to presence or absence of urea., Straw yield significantly increased due to increasing nitrogen level and potassium fertilization in absence or presence of urea. However, grain yield was significantly increased either with increasing nitrogen level in absence of urea or with increasing phosphorus levels in absence or presence of urea. Straw yield was significantly affected by N * P interaction in absence or presence of urea and N * P * K when urea was applied. However, grain yield was significantly affected by N * P and N * P * K interractions in absence of urea application.Ain Shams University, Faculty of AgricultureArab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences1110-267513120050301POSSIBILITY OF MAKING HIGH QUALITY WHEAT BREAD FROM RESEARCH-32 WHEAT CULTIVATED LOCALLY IN THE REPUBLIC OF YEMEN1291401530910.21608/ajs.2005.15309ENGihanM. Abu-ElelaNational institute of Oceanography and Fisheries Alexandria. EgyptJournal Article20041019This study has been conducted to investigate the possibility of using flour of wheat grain var. Research-32, cultivated locally in the Republic of Yemen, in making high quality bread. Moisture content, specific weigh and weight of 1000 grains were determined. Wheat grains of the new cultivars were treated and milled into flour of 72% extraction. Chemical and Rheological characteristics of the extracted flour were tested against those of SNABLE wheat flour (a mixture of wheat grains of different varieties). Physical and organoleptic characteristics of loaf made of wheat flours were also evaluated. Results indicated that wheat grains of Research-32 were characterized by its high specific weight, weight of 1000 grains and extraction rate. Percentages of total protein, wet gluten and water absorption capacity. Research-32 wheat flour was found to be significantly higher (α 0.05) than that of SNABLE wheat flour. Results of sensory evaluation of loaf showed that Bread made of Research-32 wheat flour treated with 0.0% and 0.3% lecithin were higher in organoleptic characteristics than those made of SNABLE wheat flour.Ain Shams University, Faculty of AgricultureArab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences1110-267513120050301QUALITY COMPARISON BETWEEN COOKIES MADE ON A LABORATORY-SCALE LEVEL FROM SNABLE WHEAT FLOUR AND FROM RESEARCH-32 WHEAT FLOUR CULTIVATED LOCALLY IN YEMEN1411571531310.21608/ajs.2005.15313ENJournal Article20041107A sample of wheat grain <em>var. Research-32,</em> cultivated locally in the Republic of Yemen was treated and milled into flour of 72% extraction. Main chemical components of the flour were determined, then the flour was portioned out to three sets. Each set was made into dough with similar constituents except the type of fat, where Al-Kamaria ghee, Al-Mumtaz butter and Crude sesame oil were added to the first, the second and the third sets respectively. Three samples of each set with levels of 15, 25 and 35 % were prepared. Rheological properties of the dough were tested and compared with those of dough samples made of SNABLE wheat flour, which were prepared and treated under similar conditions. Physical and organoleptic characteristics of cookies made of both Research-32 and SNABLE flours were evaluated also. Results indicated that concentrations of total protein and wet gluten in Research 32 wheat flour were found to be significantly (0.05=α) higher than those of SNABEL flour. Though of their high values of water absorption and degree of stability, Research 32 dough samples were characterized with moderately low calculated proportional number, which indicates the suitability of Research 32 wheat flour for use in making cookies of good quality. Statistical analyses of data obtained through testing physical and organoleptic properties of cookies made of Research 32 dough mix with 35% fat showed that cookies were found to be of high and acceptable quality among Yemeni consumers at 0.05 level of significance.Ain Shams University, Faculty of AgricultureArab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences1110-267513120050301ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITION AN HEALTH STATUS OF YOUNG MOTHERS1591751531610.21608/ajs.2005.15316ENJournal Article20040816The aim of the study was to evaluate the factors that affect the health of both infants and young mothers. In such a case, 60 young mothers living in the area of Mecca of 14 to 16 years old were considered. The results showed that 53.3% of the mothers have finished their pregnancy with normal weight, while 40% of the mothers got pregnant when they were less than 16 years old, which lead to acquiring a lot of diseases. On the other hand, 60% of the mothers preferred the governmentally runned hospitals to deliver their babies and 83% of the cases delivered normally. Most of the studied cases delivered for the second time with one-year gap between the first pregnancy and the second one (28%). The percent of natural feeding among were screened. The results showed that only 11.65 of the cases breast-feed their children. The miscarriage happened only once in 26% of the cases and twice in 6.6% of the cases. The health of the children was normally good in 73% of the children while 50% of the children suffered from physiological jaundice, vomiting (21%), constipation (13%). In genera, there was direct relationship between the weight of the child and its health. The study of nutritional history of the cases clarified that most of the mothers preferd to have white bread with a level of 66.6% then rice (31.67%), followed by brown bread, potato (31.67), 25% consequently. There was an increase in sugar consumption (71.67%) then chocolate (51.61%). Protein uptake was mainly by eating chicken once a week (75%) with recognizable decrease in the protein milk uptake and therefore this study stressed on the importance of spreading of the health awareness regarding different issues including the nutritional habits.