2024-03-28T17:38:11Z
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=17359
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
EXTERNAL DEMAND DETERMINANTS FOR EGYPTIAN FROZEN VEGETABLES
Sahar
Abdl Elrazek
A.
Abdelmaqsoud
Eman
Yossif
M.
Salem
The frozen vegetable industry in Egypt is one of the most important industries that contribute to the provision of vegetables throughout the year to the consumer, and the Egyptian frozen vegetables value of exports of preserved food industries as the may reach $86.61 million on average for the period (2011-2015) with relative importance of 47.68%. The problem statement of research represent that the agricultural production in general and from vegetables and fruits in particular and the high percentage of lost and damaged, which threatens the development of Egyptian exports of these products if the export of Egyptian manufactured products does not keep pace with its international counterparts, Therefore, the research aimed to estimate the external demand for Egyptian frozen vegetables, and the determinants of that demand in the most important import markets of Egypt during the period (2007-2018). The research has reached some conclusions, including That Saudi Arabia, The United Arab Emirates, Jordan, the United States of America, Italy, and France are the most important countries importing Egyptian frozen vegetables, where the percentage of Egypt's exports of frozen vegetables to these countries amounted to about 57.1% of the total amount of Egyptian frozen vegetables exported during the period (2014-2018) Egypt's exports of frozen vegetables to these countries amounted to about 55.6% of the total value of Egyptian frozen vegetable exports for the same period. The high price elasticity of Egyptian frozen vegetables for the UAE market compared to the Saudi market with a value of about 1.5, 0.46 respectively, which means that the individual demand for frozen Egyptian vegetables for the Emirates is elastic, while the individual demand for frozen Egyptian vegetables for Saudi Arabia is inelastic. This reflects the importance of Egyptian frozen vegetables in the Saudi market and deal with them as a necessary commodity at a time when this importance is diminishing in the UAE market, where dealing with frozen Egyptian vegetables as a luxury goods. The same table also shows the increase cross elastisates of the Italian market by about 2.3 compared to the Saudi market, where the cross elasticity of those markets where 2.3, 1.3 respectively, which means that the degree of competition in the Italian market is higher than the rest of the markets. The italian market's income elasticity is also shown to be higher compared to the UAE and US market with a value of about 6.5, 2.2, 0.66 respectively. The methods of estimating the individual demand for Egyptian frozen vegetables using import statistics and using export statistics indicate different types of elastisates for the demand for Egyptian frozen vegetables for the Italian market and the Saudi and Emirati market from elastic demand to inelastic demand, which indicates the existence of Tri-Market Operation of Egyptian frozen vegetables are in these markets. The need to increase Egyptian efforts to revive the Egyptian frozen vegetable market in the UAE market as one of the most important export markets for these goods. Try to export directly to the countries which it is already exported by identifying the countries importing from Egypt to be an effective and real demand and not an indirect demand.
External demand
Tri-Market operations
Frozen vegetables
2020
03
01
1
16
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83195_89da96272d2cd4b850dcac916dbb541b.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
CURRENT AND PROSPECTIVE ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION IN THE CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES UNDER GREENHOUSES IN EL- BUSTAN AREA, BEHIRA GOVERNORATE
olfat
Abou shahin
Z
Elzarka
Amel
Fayed
The main objective of this study to identify the current and prospective role of agricultural extension in the field of vegetable cultivation under greenhouse in Al-Noubaria area of Beheira Governorate. Questionnaire through personal interviews was used to collect data from 196 farmers representing research samples. Percentages, arithmetic mean, the frequency tables, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient (person) and the regression coefficient were used to analyze data. The research results showed that: The most of farmers 81.6% had low and medium level of knowledge related to the main practices of agriculture in Greenhouse 94.9% of farmers had low and medium levels of implementation of the main practices under greenhouse. 74% of farmers were of low and medium awareness of the role of agriculture extension. There is a significant correlation between the knowledge level of the respondents to cultivating vegetables under greenhouses as a dependent variable, and between the educational level, the degree of trend towards export of greenhouse products, the degree of participation in community organizations, the degree of satisfaction with work in greenhouse, the degree of exposure to sources of information on vegetable cultivation under Greenhouse, the degree of openness to the outside world and the role of agricultural extension, respectively as independent variables. There is a significant correlation between the degree of the executive level of the respondents by planting vegetables under greenhouse as a dependent variable and between the educational level of the respondents and the degree of exposure to sources of information on growing vegetables under greenhouse, the trend towards export and the role of agricultural extension provided to the respondents as independent variables. The educational level, the trend towards export, the degree of openness to the outside world, the degree of participation in various societal organizations, the degree of satisfaction with work under greenhouse, the degree of exposure to sources of information on growing vegetables under greenhouse, and the role provided by the agricultural extension to farmers under greenhouse as Variables responsible for the interpretation of 30,2% in the overall variance of the general knowledge level of the respondents cultivating vegetables under greenhouse. The educational level, the trend towards export, the degree of exposure to sources of information about growing vegetables under greenhouse, and the role provided by agricultural extension to vegetable farmers under greenhouse, variables responsible for the interpretation of 26.7% in the overall variation of the executive level of respondents to the practices of growing vegetables under greenhouse. The most important problems faced by farmers investigated in greenhouse cultivation were the high costs of greenhouse construction, the high incidence of fungal diseases, and the difficulty of conducting integrated pest control in greenhouse. The prospective role of the agricultural extension in the field of vegetable cultivation under greenhouse from the viewpoint of the respondents, the presence of adequate and technical support for the agricultural extension in the field of growing vegetables under greenhouse and how to manage greenhouse.
Agricultural Extension
Greenhouses
integrated pest control
Current and prospective role
2020
03
01
17
33
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83173_f41fcf06fbedf3dcb9a4fe7b37afd2c5.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
USING THE POLICY ANALYSIS MATRIX TO EVALUATE THE ECONOMIC POLICY OF TOMATO AND POTATO CROPS IN EGYPT
Omar
Ali
Seham
Marwan
Salwa
Abdelmonem
Mona
Reyad
Agricultural policy in Egypt has tended in recent years to make some structural changes in order to maximize the economic return in light of the technical possibilities and local and international economics of agricultural production determinants. some Food crops, industrial and export important in Egypt, and is a source of agricultural income, In order to determine the features of agricultural price policy for most important vegetable crops in Egypt, it was possible to calculate the matrix of agricultural policy analysis, to clarify the extent of deviation of lacal market prices for tomato and potato crops and world prices to identify the levels of distortions in the commodity markets and the degree of nonemployment of resources, as well as the calculation of the nominal and effective protection factors. To identify the price policies adopted by the state, whether the policy of subsidies or taxation of producers of agricultural crops, as well as the calculation of the cost factor of the local resource to determine the comparative advantage. We conclude from the above and based on the results of the Matrix of Agricultural Policy Analysis for Tomato and Potato Crops in Egypt during the average period (2011-2017) that the country’s productive policy during the study period had any affection crop producers represented in tax rate 14.742, 12.489 pounds. Which do not compare with the support provided to them, which averaged about 93,189 pounds per acre, respectively. Tomato and potato crops have an advantage that can be used to increase their exports in the global markets, which require integration between the state and the private sector to activate the ability of crop producers to export. And Egyptian potatoes, and on this the study recommends the necessity of improving the prices of production requirements for the crops under study in a manner commensurate with the continuous increase in production costs in order to work on increasing farm income and addressing negatives arising from C Tax of SAT in high production costs and made available at affordable prices.
agricultural policy
Policy analysis matrix
Comparative advantage
2020
03
01
35
50
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114149_928ce10989ef926d24a58d087a909f19.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
THE DEMAND FOR EGYPTIAN CITRUS IN THE GLOBAL MARKETS
Omnia
Shahin
M.
Rihan
Eman
Fakhry
M.
Abdelghafar
The trend currently in most countries of the world, whether developed or developing, is how to obtain the largest possible amount of gains in light of the state's available resources and the methods of production used and how to manage those resources in light of an investment climate consistent with those variables, and no country can live Isolated from all other countries in the world, whether that country is rich in resources and has a surplus in production and wants to spend it or it needs other countries to obtain a sufficient amount of a commodity that is sufficient for the needs of its population. In spite of the great export importance of Egyptian citrus crop and its occupation is the first in the list of Egyptian agricultural exports, and Egypt ranked third globally in its export, but its exports have been characterized by fluctuation and instability during the period (2018-2001), which leads to fluctuating returns from these masts, Which requires the necessity of identifying the determinants of external demand for these exports in various global markets to provide the necessary means for developing these exports and promoting them and maintaining their current markets and opening new markets for them and in light of the study problem and in an attempt to identify the most important variables Local and international influencing the demand for Egyptian citrus, and the study used a simultaneous multi-equation model, where he explained that the most influencing factors on the average Saudi per capita share of Egyptian citrus exports is the export price to Syria, and the export price to Jordan, as the value of "F" indicates the significance The statistically estimated equation is at the level of 0.05, and the adjusted coefficient of determination indicates that about 95% of the changes in the average per capita share of Egyptian exports are due to the above-mentioned independent variables. The results of the statistical analysis also showed that the most influencing factors on the average Russian per capita share The Egyptian citrus Dorat is the export price of Turkey citrus, and the average Russian per capita national income, as the value of "F" indicates the significance of the statistically equivalent equation at the level of 0.05, and the value of the adjusted coefficient of determination indicates that about 84% of the changes in the average per capita of exports The Egyptian citrus fruit of Russia is attributed to the aforementioned independent variables.
Time models
Forecasting
Demand functions
citrus
2020
03
01
51
63
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83167_b134b6c09b0705181974ad7440d94545.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
THE DETERMINANTS OF EXTERNAL DEMAND FOR EXPORTS OF EGYPTIAN FROZEN VEGETABLE
Basma
Mohisen
Fatma
Fahmy
Mona
Reyad
M
Abd Elfatah
The problem of research is facing Egyptian exports of frozen vegetables in general, and the mixture of frozen vegetables in particular, with intense competition in foreign markets, which requires studying this problem and proposing appropriate solutions to it. Therefore, the research aimed to study means of developing and increasing agricultural exports of Egyptian frozen vegetables. The research focused on the exports of the Egyptian frozen vegetable mixture, as it was found that it ranked first among the total Egyptian exports of frozen vegetables during the period (2014-2018), where it represented about 70.1% of the total quantities. The research has reached some conclusions, including: The time trend equations for the quantity, value and price of Egyptian exports for both frozen vegetables and frozen vegetable mixtures were estimated during the period (2004-2018). It turned out that the ratio of the increase to the average in both the quantity and value of exports of frozen vegetables mixture is greater than that in the total frozen vegetables. By studying the geographical distribution, the most important importing countries for the Egyptian frozen vegetable mixture were identified during the period (2014-2018), namely Saudi Arabia, America, France. By studying the market share index of the most important importing markets for frozen vegetables mixture shows that Egypt occupies the first position in the list of countries exporting frozen vegetables mixtures in the Saudi market during the period (2010-2012) with an amount of exports estimated at about 4.9 thousand tons and a market share of about 72.2%. By studying The External of individual demand for the Egyptian frozen vegetable mixture in the Saudi market shows that an increase in the price of Egypt by 1% leads to a decrease in Egypt's exports to Saudi Arabia by 0.89%. A 1% decrease in India’s price leads to a decrease in Egypt’s exports by 0.89, meaning that there is a significant impact of price changes and that India is a competitor to Egypt within the Saudi market. The research recommended 1. Study the non-price competitive reasons, as Egypt has a competitive price advantage, yet its market share in the Saudi market is decreasing (it may be due to taste, packaging, export facilities, etc.). 2. The competitive advantage between Egypt and India is decreasing more than the other two competing countries (Spain, Belgium). 3. Focus on studying the reasons for India's increasing competitiveness of Egyptian exports. 4. There is an effect of price competition, especially with Mexican and Chinese exports, and it is recommended that this price competitive advantage be improved in favor of Egypt. 5. Italy is the largest competitor in the French market (it has a significant price impact on Egypt's exports, followed by Spain).
individual demand
Trade indicators
Market share
Price competition
Price elasticities
Apparent comparative advantage
2020
03
01
65
78
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114155_bf7e8cce23071c39140c1b459d5e91e0.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF FISH FOOD SECURITY IN EGYPT
Seham
Hashem
Ashraf
Younis Shebl
The problem of fish food security is represented in insufficient strategic stocks of fish, especially in light of the increasing demand for fish, and lower production than consumption. The research mainly targeted the study of the situation of fish food security in Egypt, in addition to a set of sub-goals, which are the most important that the estimation of both the strategic stock of fish and fish food security coefficient in Egypt, studying of the most important factors affecting fish food security, studying of future expectations for fish food security, This is in addition to studying the problems that Obstruct the continued increase in fish production. The research relied on achieving goals on the use of qualitative statistical methods and economic equations for estimating both strategic stocks and security coefficient for fish. As Quantitative statistical methods were used, which are represented in using the simple and multiple regression method to estimate the functions of consumption, production, import and export of Egyptian fish, as well as food security coefficient in order to determine the most important variables that affect it by building an econometric model that explains the determinants of food security of fish. The double logarithmic model was the best model used in terms of economic logic and statistical significance, and Autoregressive and Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was used to forecast production, consumption, imports and food security coefficients for fish until 2025. In addition to using the statistical method, One-way Anova- Analysis of Variance, to test the differences between a number of independent groups that represent problems that impede the continued increase in fish production, as well as the use of the least significant difference method (L.S.D) to arrange the elements of each problem. By estimating the growth rate of fish production and consumption, the fish food gap and the average per capita share, it was found that the growth rate of each of them took an increasing general trend during the study period, where the annual growth rate is estimated at 5.4%, 4.9%, 2.8%, and 2.7% for each of them, respectively. It was also found that the quantity of the surplus in fish attained about 0.9 thousand tons on average during the study period, and this surplus is very small, not enough consumption per day. It is also clear that the fish food security coefficient reached about 0.00073 on average during the period (20002018) and this indicates a decrease in the fish food security rate. The forecast values of the fish food security coefficient have shown that the fish food security coefficient tends to decrease from about 0.00076 in 2019 to about 0.00073 in 2025. And by studying the most important variables that affect fish food security in Egypt through the three basic functions, which are the fish demand function, the fish supply function, and the fish food security coefficient function, of the Simultaneous model, according to the economic logic and statistical significance, Increase in both national income (x13), imports of fish (Y3t), local production of fish (Y1t) by 1%, the food security coefficient of fish increases by 0.04%, 0.102%, 0.49% for each of them respectively, and when increasing Consumption (Y2t) by 1%, the fish food security coefficient decreases by 0.67%. This has proven the significance of the variables at the level of significance 0.01, as it turns out that by increasing exports (Y4t) by 1%, the food security coefficient decreases by 0.01% and this decrease is statistically significant at the
level of significance 0.05. A stratified random sample was chosen according to the cognitive and functional level, with the problems and obstacles of continuation of increasing fish production in Egypt. The sample was of those interested in the field of fish wealth. The problems were identified and divided into five categories which are: environmental problems, financing and production problems, marketing problems, problems related to scientific research, administrative problems. The study resulted in several recommendations, the most important of which are: Increasing the expansion of culture operations in floating marine cages. Increasing investment orientation for fish production from its various sources and providing financial support to small fish producers. Close control of the various pollution image processes of natural resources, overfishing, offensive fishing, and fishing fry and limiting their spread to preserve biological stocks.
Food security
fish
strategic stocks
Exports
Imports
Consumption
and Simultaneous equations
2020
03
01
79
115
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114162_9a8fd5983184ebd04a712fb9c14a12ec.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
Taxonomic Revision and Numerical Analysis of Hibiscus L. in Egypt
Amany
Mostafa
S
Eisa
A
Mohamed
I
Al-Shamey
The development of agriculture over the last decades has resulted in a continuous change of the natural vegetation of Egypt. Several species widely cultivated as economic crops or ornamentals. Numbers of species which escaped from cultivation and naturalized in naturals habitats are increasing. It is necessary to study the changes in the natural vegetation and traces the new species. The present study undertakes a survey, taxonomical revision and numerical analysis of the genus Hibiscus L. in Egypt including wild and cultivated species. The taxonomic treatment based on collecting of fresh materials from the studied species, in addition to the investigation of the herbarium specimens as well as information from the literatures. Eleven species of Hibiscus were reported in this study, from which there are 5 wild species (H. diversifolius Jacq., H. micranthus L. f., H. vitifolius L., H. sabdariffa L. and H. trionum L.) and there are 6 cultivated species (H. cannabinus L., H. mutabilis L., H. rosa-sinensis L., H. schizopetalus (Mast.) Hook. f. in Curtis, H. syriacus L. and H. tiliaceus L.). An identification key to the species of Hibiscus is provided. Valid names and synonyms are updated from online sources. Scientific descriptions provided the characters of leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds based on the herbarium specimens and completed from fresh materials and literatures are given. Distribution of wild species in their phytogeographical regions are provided. Type specimen, habitat, selected specimens and economic importance are provided for each species. The numerical analysis based on thirty six morphological characters including vegetative, flowers and fruits parts of the studied species. SPSS Statistics version 22 used to get morphometric analysis. The numerical analysis revealed two main clusters. The first cluster included 3 species, viz. H. micranthus L. f., H. vitifolius L. and H. trionum L. The second cluster included two groups: group (a) viz. H. diversifolius Jacq., H. syriacus L., and H. tiliaceus L., and group (b) viz. Hibiscus cannabinus L., H. mutabilis L., H. rosa-sinensis L., H. sabdariffa L. and H. schizopetalus (Mast.) Hook. f. in Curtis.
Egypt
Flora
Hibiscus
Malvaceae
Taxonomy
2020
03
01
117
130
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83179_36190f1230159402d8d629f51121aee3.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
Efficiency impact of chicken manure and its tea under chemical NPK fertilizers regime on yield and quality of Molokhia (Jew’s mellow)
Amal
Abou El-Goud
Two field experiments were conducted to assess chicken manure (Ch.M.) and its tea on quantity and quality yield of Molokhia (Jew’s mellow) plant during two summer seasons of 2017 and 2018 in Fac. of Agric. -El-Shatby- Alexandria University. This investigate aimed to compare between chicken manure (Ch.M.R 100% and R50%) , chicken manure tea (R100% and R50%) and the mixture of them (R50% of Ch.M. + R50% of its tea) under four levels (NPK0 % , NPK30%, NPK60% and NPK100%) of chemical fertilizers. Every experiment was carried out with 13 treatments in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates (total plot area= 2&1=2m2). The results indicated that, chicken manure tea 100% + 30% NPK(T6) gave the highest mean values of vegetative growth i.e. plant height (92.0cm), number of leaves/plant (29.5), leaf length (13.87 cm), increases in vitamin C. (110.77 mg/g F.W.) and dry weight of leaves (10.25 g) as an average of both seasons. While the mixture of “chicken manure 50% and chicken manure tea 50 %” + 30 % NPK (T10) lead to significant increases in fresh leave weight (49.84 g/plant) and total yield of fresh leaves (4.7 kg/ plot) as an average of both seasons. Highest increases in P uptake (1.37mg/g) and K uptake (20.27 mg/g) either chicken manure 100% (T1) or the mixture of “chicken manure 50% and chicken manure tea 50 %” T9, respectively. The maximum N uptake (2.79 mg/g), total chlorophyll in leaves (47.44 SPAD) and leave width (6.82 cm) as an average of both seasons by the mixture of “chicken manure 50 % and chicken manure tea 50 %” + 100 % NPK (T12) compared with the control once. Organic plants “safe food” produced with organic fertilizers and their teas really supply more nutrients and vitamins “chemical free” and health protective so used sustainably in food and environmental friendly.
chicken manure
chicken manure tea
yield and quality of Molokhia (Jew’s mellow)
2020
03
01
131
139
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83164_2177eb6547d3912903639355f1d803d4.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
Assessing the Role of Water Users Associations in Operating and Maintaining the Improved Irrigation System in Egypt
F.
Elhadad
T.
Elgamal
A.
Mady
The current study investigated the influence of Water Users Associations (WUAs) in the operation and the maintenance of the facilities of improved areas in Egypt. With the establishment of irrigation improvement projects, it was planned that WUAs would play an important role in improving water management and ensuring the sustainability of the improved system through enhancing the cooperation between farmers, scheduling the irrigation and maintaining the improved Mesqas (distributaries). The current study aims to check the actual situation after the implementation of irrigation improvement projects through collecting data from samples according to design questionnaires in the improved areas, and analyzing the collected data to investigate the influence of these associations. The results showed that the influence of WUAs in Egypt was still very limited. Irrigation practices were close to the old trend, which was targeting by irrigation improvement projects. The improved system was operated based on the natural relationships between farmers, with no predefined irrigation schedule targeting improving water management. The operator was the main person, and his role was just to arrange the irrigation based on the reservation of the farmers. Old lifting points were still used in the new system. This gave the farmers the chance to work individually, which could decrease the direct conflicts between them, but it had negative impact on water use efficiency. The maintenance of the system was poor, and the target was just to make the system work without considering the sustainability of the system. The study discussed the reasons behind the weak influence of WUAs including the characteristics of such organizations and different factors that affect their performance. In addition, the study suggested the required steps to improve the capacities of these organizations and to enhance the coordination between farmers including the precise distribution of water supply, and the support from the government.
Farmers’ Coordination
Water Users Associations
Irrigation Improvement
2020
03
01
141
153
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83187_c2c5724402df3167e1f1e919ca0847f5.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
An Analysis of Household Demand for Food Away from Home (FAFH) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Right-Left Truncated Generalized Poisson Regression Model
Alaa
Kotb
M
Alnafissa
M
Alderiny
Sh
Ahmed
This study analyzed the determinants of household demand for food away from home (FAFH) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Truncated generalized Poisson regression (TGPR) and truncated standard Poisson regression (TSPR) was applied to data from a random sample of 101 families. Maximum likelihood was used to obtain parameter estimates for these two models. TGPR was found to be optimal and appropriate for the analysis of demand data. Both income and number of household members had a significant positive effect, which is consistent with economic logic and reality in Saudi society. Price and taste also had positive effects on FAFH demand. Household income as an economic variable has a significant positive effect on the number of times that a household dines out during the month. When income increases by one thousand Saudi riyals, the demand will increase by 11%, which is consistent with economic logic. Household income as a quantitative economic variable and the number of household members as a quantitative demographic variable are the most important variables in household demand for FAFH. However, the effect of income is more significant than that of the number of household members. As this study investigated the impact of socio-economic and demographic factors on food away from home (FAFH) demand in Riyadh such as household income, number of household members, education level, prices and cleanness of restaurant, and taste of food. Still there are other variables could be used as potential variables could affect FAFH demand in Saudi Arabia in future research such as the change in number of working women which there is shift in the number of female workers recently. The future studies could look at the differences in socio-economic between consumers for different types of restaurants such as traditional, fast food, fish, and luxury restaurants. Due to the high demand for restaurant meals, officials should tighten the health control and close restaurants that do not comply with health requirements as well security and safety requirements. Restaurants should pay attention to improving the quality of meals and offering them at affordable prices to consumers.
demand
food away from home (FAFH)
food consumption
generalized Poisson
maximum
2020
03
01
155
164
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83170_eb688dc14ef94a2a49051fd02af0a9ba.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
HYDRAULIC ASSESSMENT OF MEDIA FILTERS UTILIZING TREATED WASTEWATER FOR COTTON IRRIGATION
Heba
Elwaly
A
El gindy
K
Elbagoury
M
Emara
Key Words: Media filter, Treated wastewater, Drip irrigation, Cotton Growth and Yield.INTRODUCTIONAccording to Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation (MWIR), Egypt (2014) Agriculture expends a large amount of the obtainable water in Egypt, with its share exceeding 85% of the total demand for water. Utilizing treated wastewater represents a viable option. The study were carried out at Sarapium Forest, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation in “Sarapium”, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, during 2018 and 2019 seasons to investigate the effect of media depth on the performance of different types of emitters for irrgating cotton (verity Giza 94) using treated wastewater. Also this study estimates the effect of using treated wastewater on the cotton growth, quantity and quality. The first experiment design for filtration performance was a split-plot with four replications. The main plots involved two media filtration depths (50 cm and 70 cm) and the sub-plots involved the time of operation (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100h). While the second experiment design for planting cotton was a split-plot with three replications. The main plots involved two plant distribution (Mutual and Opposite) and the sub-plots involved the three types of emitters namely: online 4 l/h compensative, online 4 l/h non-compensative and built- in 4 l/h-30cm non-compensative the distance between emitters were (30 cm).The results indicated that: Increasing media filtration depth from 50 to 70 cm has led to decrease the filtration flowrate with increasing pressure losses, biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and total suspended solids (TSS). The filtration flowrate decreased by increasing operation time from 0 to 100 but pressure losses, BOD5 and TSS was increased. Emitters performance of online compensative and built-in non-compensative were generally better than the online non-compensative under using wastewater quality and emitters performance decrease by increasing operation time from zero to 100 hours. Plants distribution significantly effect on growth and yield components of cotton. Planting cotton by mutual method gave the highest values of number of opened bolls per plant, seed cotton yield (Ken./fed.)
Media filter
Treated wastewater
Drip irrigation
Cotton Growth and Yield
2020
03
01
165
175
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_69304_c4fd7a0f5630ab659be5305ba9a56ace.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
DESIGN, SET-UP CONTROL UNIT SYSTEM TO EVALUATE THE PERFORMANCE OF SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM FOR WARMING POULTRY HOUSE
Nermen
Radwan
M
Moustafaa
M
Biomy
M
Elattar
This study aims to use solar energy to warm poultry houses instead of traditional energies which have shortage and high cost of using. The prototype was designed and Fabricated at workshop of agriculture engineering research institute (AEnRI) - ARC and the experiments were conducted at Solar Energy Laboratory - Agricultural Engineering Department Faculty of Agriculture - Ain Shams University (Latitude 30° 02′ N, Longitude 31° 21′ E). Experiment was carried out during winter 2018 and 2019. The prototype was designed and fabricated from main frame was made from wood 80 cm × 80 cm × 70 cm, Trombe wall was fabricated from two different materials (bricks and concrete), bricks wall with dimension 40 cm x 70 cm x10 cm, the concrete trombe wall as following: the dimensions were 80 cm x 70 cm x10cm and changed the material to be concrete. Double of glass was mounted front of bricks or concrete wall, ventilation control system: it consists of (digital temperature controller, solenoid, moving arm, fan suction) and control unit (data logger). The results showed that the Trombe wall designed from concrete better than one of bricks. The prototype with trombe concrete wall was keeping the temperature at 30°C for 13 hour and 55 minutes of day. This system was saving 56.46% energy that consume from the traditional energy. Also, the Ten hours which the temperature drops below 30 ° C inside the poultry house, it is Compensating by lamp 100-watt that has been programmed to light when the temperature is below 30 ° C. The average weight of broiler under experimental was comparing with the standard weight of the breed. The results were higher than the standard. The death rate was 0%. The percentage of carbon dioxide and ammonia in poultry house air was not exceeding the standard ratio. And the relative humidity was (50:94(%.
Passive solar system
Trombe wall
heating
Brooding
Poultry houses
Control system
2020
03
01
177
190
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83161_b8ab80fbf942a680011d9062b6344559.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
Relationship between fiber cotton grade and some related characteristics of long and extra-long staple Egyptian cotton varieties (Gossypium barbadense. L)
M
Hussein
A.
El-Marakby
Afaf
Tolba
Amal
Mohamed
I
Ebido
The materials used in this study were four commercial varieties of Egyptian cotton; two (Giza 86 and Giza 90) belonging to the long staple class and the others (Giza 88 and Giza 92) belonging to the extra-long staple category. Within each variety, nine lint cotton grades namely: Fully Good (FG), Good/Fully Good (G/FG), Good (G), Fully Good Fair/Good (FGF/G), Fully Good Fair (FGF), Good Fair/ Fully Good Fair (GF/FGF), Good Fair (GF), Fully Fair/Good Fair (FF/GF) and Fully Fair (FF) were used. Thus Fully Good (FG) is the top quality grade and the others are progressively lower; i.e. Fully Fair (FF) is the lowest grade. Fiber properties were measured by using the Cotton Classifying System Version-5 instrument (CCS-V5). Data collected for the following characteristics were: reflectance degree (Rd %), yellowness degree (+b), trash%, dust%, fiber fragments%, total trash%, No. of neps and Micronaire value. Mean squares due to all nine grades of long and extra-long staple cotton varieties in combined analysis were highly significant over seasons for all studied characters except yellowness (+b) and fiber fragments% in Giza 92. Highly significant mean performance values of four cotton varieties and nine lint grades for each variety for all studied characters, it became clear that there were significant genetically differences between studied varieties and fiber cotton lint grades within each variety. Gradually increased for yellowness degree, trash%, dust%, fiber fragments%, total trash% (trash, dust, fiber fragments) and number of neps, while gradually decreased for reflectance degree (Rd%) and micronaire value with significant level as transfer for all tested varieties from (FG) grade down to the (FF). All studied varieties showed highly significant negative correlation between fiber cotton grade with yellowness, trash, dust, total trash% and No. of neps, while highly significant positive correlation between fiber cotton grade with reflectance degree and micronaire value. Total trash% and micronaire value as well as reflectance degree and their interactions were the most contributing and influencing of fiber cotton grades. Also these properties and their joint effects are prevailing factors which affect the personal judgment of the grader at evaluating the cotton grade.
Cotton grade
Long staple
extra-long staple
Performance and Correlation
2020
03
01
191
206
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_85924_9e1f3ad9dbcca9ec4d074dab69193714.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
Genetic Improvement of Some Productive Traits in Zaraibi Goats
Rasha
Ahmed
Mona
Osman
Manal
Elsayed
Hussein
Mansour
The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic improvement in Zaraibi goats herd raised on El-serw research station located in the north eastern part of Nile Delta, Egypt. The station belongs to Animal Production Research Institute (APRI). Some body weights at different ages were included in genetic and environmental trends. These weights were 4-month weight (4M), 6-month weight (6M), and 12-month weight (12M). Data and pedigree information were collected from 1988 until 2018. The least square means of body weights at 4M, 6M and 12M were 12.14±0.02, 15.49±0.02 and 24.08±0.04 kg, respectively. Year of birth, season, gender of kid, parity of dam and type of birth significantly (P<0.01) affect growth traits. Genetic parameters were estimated using a multi-trait animal model program (MTDFREML). The same previous fixed effects were included in this analysis regarding the animal as random effects. The heritability of the studied body weights tend to increase as age increases. That is inversely matched with the environmental proportion of total variance which was found to be 0.72, 0.66 and 0.62 for M4, M6 and M12, respectively. The heritability value was estimated as 0.28 for 4M. Genetic trends were obtained as the regression of the predicted breeding values on years of birth and Environmental trends were obtained as the regression of year constants on years of birth. The annual genetic change trends were positive and significant for 4M, 6M and 12M (0.091, 0.121 and 0.158 kg/year, respectively) and the annual phenotypic change trends were (0.020, 0.045, 0.117 kg/year, respectively). Genetic trends for M12 trait were higher than those for other traits in this study. Genetic and environment correlations between 4 month body weight and other growth traits were positive. Negative environmental trends indicates poor management system for the flock during studied period. Weight at 12 months of age has the highest heritability in studied body weights and suggested to be selection criteria to improve yearling weight for Zaraibi goat.
Genetic trend
Growth
Zaraibi
selection
2020
03
01
207
216
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_69306_24363f80df2350104db49c75406f665f.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
Production of Function yogurts drink fortified with different types of herbal extracts and study its biological attributes in hepatitis rats
M
Al-Soud
O
Elbatawy
A
Abdel Fattah
Safaa
Gohari
W
El-Dsouky
The present study aimed to produce function yoghurt drink fortified with different types of herbal extracts (Ginger, Amla, Curcuma) and assess its therapeutic effect in hepatitis rats. The rats were randomly divided into two main groups. The first group were control (-) (6 rats) was fed on a standard diet, while the second group (30 rats) were fed on standard diet and injected it by CCl4 "for two weeks" to induce chronic damage in the liver (hepatitis) then divided into five groups (6 rats each group), then treated by plain drinking yoghurt and different herbal drinking yoghurt fortified with different types of herbs extract. Different Biological attributes were determined. The antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and chemical properties were evaluated in herbal extracts and yoghurt product and their hepatoprotective effect of each alone evaluated in albino rats against carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) induced liver injury. The hepatoprotective activity was assessed using various biochemical parameters and histopathological studies. The results indicated that functional flavoured drinking yoghurt containing herbal extract exhibited no significant differences were observed in total solids, fat, protein, ash, and lactose content them control samples. Drinking yoghurt fortified with Curcuma exhibited highest content of antioxidant activity and total phenolic content among all treatments. Also, rats fed on diet supplemented with drinking yoghurt fortified with Curcuma for 28 days showed higher potential hepatoprotective effects compared to liver injury control group (IC). The rats succeeded to restore the biochemical parameters and improved the histological alteration of the liver. This improvement was pronounced partly in the group received drinking yoghurt fortified with Ginger and Amla herbal extracts while, the group received drinking yoghurt fortified with Curcuma herbal extract were improved totally. It could be concluded that drinking yoghurt fortified with different herbal extract especially Curcuma can be used as ingredients in functional foods for people suffering from liver diseases.
Hepatitis
CCl4
herbs
inflammatory cells
yogurt drink fortified with herb extract
2020
03
01
217
228
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83163_7d1797fe24df0b863cb6b2e98ba33fa2.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
Phylogenetic analyses of some Egyptian genus of Lamiaceae family using rbcL sequences
Hadir
Mansour
Rania
Younis
F
Eldomiati
M
Rashed
S
Hassanein
Six local Egyptian commercial cultivars of family Lamiaceae, two cultivars of genus Ocimum L. (Basil), two cultivars of genus Menthe L. (Mint), and two cultivars of genus Thymus L. (Thyme) were analyzed for ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase Large (rbcL) gene at the level of DNA sequences. All samples successfully amplified the ± 630 bp fragment. Additionally, the results of alignment analysis using BLASTN tools divulged that the sequence of DNA rbcL for the two local basil cultivars (Basil1 & Basil2) has similarities with (Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Ocimum kilimandscharicum and Ocimum gratissimum) 100, 99.69, 99.37 and 99.06 respectively. In addition, two local mint cultivars (Mint 1 and Mint 2) has similarities with Mentha spicata, Mentha_pulegium, Mentha canadensis and Mentha menthaefolia, 99.85, 99.84, 99.69 and 99.53 respectively. For thyme local cultivars (Thyme1 and Thyme2), Thym1 cultivar sample genotype is genetic closely with species, (Thymus alsinoides and Thymus sibthorpii) with 99.69 and 99.84 respectively and they located nearest from the cluster (Thymus genus) members in phylogenetic trees while, Thym2 is located after the cluster with Artemisia genus belonging to family Asteraceae. The reason of this result may be occurring due to that a Thym2 genotype comes from local marketing, which some of them are selling it as a thymus genus however, it is belongs to Artemisia genus and has similarities with with seven species of Artemisia genus (Artemisia absinthium, Artemisia gmelinii, Artemisia selengensis, Artemisia scoparia, Artemisia maritima, Artemisia capillaris and Artemisia fukudo). Using of rbcL DNA barcode proves to be effective in identifying the plants from the family level up to the genus level. This study demonstrates the efficiency of using rbcL barcoding primer to classify family Lamiaceae phylogenetically. It is also concluded that the rbcL gene showed genuine potentials to distinguish the plant Egypt species under investigation into the proper family and genus. s to distinguish the plant Egypt species under investigation into the proper family and genus.
DNA barcode
rbcL
family Lamiaceae
BLASTN
phylogenetic
2020
03
01
229
237
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83159_354d243d8735ab9da902948c50e69475.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
Effect of different slow release potassium fertilizer rates on growth and productivity of banana cv.Williams plants
B
Abo-Hamda
H
El-henawy
A
Abd El-Hamid
Eman
Abdelmonem
This study was carried out during the two successive seasons (2017 and 2018) on the first and second ratoon of healthy uniform banana cv. Williams (Musa spp.) Plants grown in sandy soil under drip irrigation system in a private orchard located at El-Tahadi region, Cairo Alexandria desert road, Behaira governorate, Egypt. The investigation aimed to study the effect of different slow release potassium fertilizer (SRKF) (50% K2O) rates (100%, 75% and 50%) were added as soil drench during mid March, mid June and mid September while, potassium sulphate dose used in control treatment was added at monthly intervals as soil application from mid March until mid October on vegetative growth, productivity, total yield income and net return/feddan of banana plants. The obtained results showed that, all treatments had a significant effect on enhancing the vegetative growth parameters, i.e. number of green leaves /plant, plant total assimilation area (m2/plant), leaf total chlorophyll content (CCI) and leaf macro element content (N, P and K) as (%) as well as leaf micro element content (Fe, Zn and Mn) as (ppm). Also, improving yield (ton/feddan), bunch weight (kg), number of hands/bunch, hand weight (kg), number of fingers/hand, finger weight (g), finger length (cm), finger circumference (cm), finger pulp weight (g), finger pulp/peel (ratio), TSS (%), TSS/TA (ratio), total sugars (%). In addition, the total yield income (1000 LE) and net return/feddan (1000 LE) in both seasons. Moreover, all treatments had no significant effect on plant pseudostem height (cm), pseudostem circumferences (cm) and leaf area (m2) of plant in both seasons and bunch length (cm) in the first season only. Treatment of: slow release potassium at 100% gave the highest values of physical and chemical properties of banana plants cv. Williams in both seasons compared to, control treatment (100% potassium sulphate) and slow release potassium at 50% gave the lowest values.
Banana
slow release potassium
Growth
productivity
2020
03
01
239
251
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83190_4d4f54c516d666ca723c7df00727ddfd.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
IMPACT OF PINK PIGMENTED FACULTATIVE METHYLOTROPHIC BACTERIA AS A BIO-STIMULANT ON GROWTH, HERB YIELD AND VOLATILE OIL ATTRIBUTES OF ROSEMARY (ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS L.) PLANT
Doaa
Soliman
A
Hosni
A
Abdel Hamid
Mona
Mohamed
The effect of Pink Pigmented Facultative Methylotrophic (PPFM) bacteria as a bio-stimulant on vegetative growth, macro-nutrient elements ( N,P and K ) contents , chemical constituents and volatile oil percentage and components in rosemary plant (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) were studied during 2018 and 2019 seasons. Plant height (cm), number of lateral branches/plant, herb fresh & dry weights and root fresh & dry weights of rosemary plant were all greatly affected with all applied treatments of PPFM when compared with the control. The hugest effect was recorded by 1% PPFM bacteria spraying in both studied seasons. However, no significant effect was recorded due to PPFM applied treatments on P%. Highest values of total carbohydrates were recorded by both 1 and 3%. PPFM bacteria spraying in both studied seasons. Whereas, the highest values of C/N ratios were obtained with 3% PPFM in first season and 1% PPFM in the second one. A substantial effect from PPFM bacteria spraying was observed through its effect on reducing the level of NO3 and NO2 in rosemary herb when compared with the control. In any case, 3% of PPFM bacteria spraying was more effective than other treatments in recording the least values of NO3 and NO2 in first season compared to the control. Volatile oil % was enormously increased with 3% PPFM bacteria spraying in both studied seasons than other treatments or control. The main components of volatile oil of rosemary plant were Camphor, Eucalyptol, Verbenone, Borneol, Pinene, Pinanone, Bornyl acetate and Camphene. The treatments of PPFM bacteria spraying immensely stimulated the component % in volatile oil of rosemary herb than in the control. It could be concluded that the application of PPFM bacteria as foliar spraying in rosemary plant production had many advantages especially reducing NO3 and NO2 levels and increasing volatile oil % and volatile oil fractions not to mention it increased the percent of active ingredients.
PPFM bacteria
rosemary plant
NPK Carbohydrate
NO3
NO2
Volatile oil Herb
2020
03
01
253
263
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83158_7bb807e6f89f9dfb4862338323cf1da7.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
Effect of seaweed extract and biofertilizer on organic production of common bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
M
Amin
M
Elshinawy
M
Abdallah
H
Abd El-Gawad
At the Experimental Farm, Agriculture Faculty, University of Ain Shams, Qaliobia Governorate, Egypt, in order to investigate the influence of biofertilizer ( Bio. ); Rhizobium ( R ), mycorrhiza ( MF ), R + MF and control, seaweed extract (SWE) concentration (zero, one, two and four gram per liter) and their interactions on vegetative growth, productivity and quality of seed common bean cv. Nebraska. Before planting, the seeds were soaked in MF (glomus sp.) and sown on the first of March 2016 and 2017 seasons respectively. The experimental plot area was seven m2 (four rows). The length of each row was 2.5 m and width of 0.7 m. The plant's distance was seven cm on one side, and an alley (one width m) was left as a border between the treatments. After two weeks of planting, young plant were inoculated with R phaseolus after the first irrigation. Plants were sprayed three times of SWE (30, 45 and 60 days) after sowing. A split plot design with four replicates was used; where the main plots are Bio treatments and the subplots are SWE treatments. The obtained results clearly indicated that different applied treatments increased measured growth characteristics (No. leaves/ plant, leaf area and total chlorophyll (SPDS)), the yield and components of yield (No. pods/plant, seed yield /plant and seed yield) and chemical constituents (total protein, carbohydrates, nitrogen and phosphorus) in seed after harvest. As well as, the best results were obtained by interactions between SWE (two and four gram per liter) and Bio. (R + MF) treatments in the two assigned seasons So adding combination between Bio. ( R + MF ) and SWE (two or four g) to improve vegetative growth, productivity and quality of common bean seed could be recommended under organic system ( conversion to organic agriculture ).
seaweed
Seeds production
common bean
Carbohydrates Protein and Biofertilizer (Rhizobium and Mycorrhizal)
2020
03
01
265
273
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83162_32f652edac22ee4a76215a974e432373.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
Efficacy of Zinc Foliar Application from Different Sources on Productivity and Fruit Quality of Wonderful Pomegranate trees
R
Amer
N
Abd-Alhamid
Laila
Haggag
Noha
Mansour
A
Korayem
Nanoparticles (NPs), especially from micronutrients, are recently motivated for replacing their common mineral counterparts. To evaluate their comparative efficacy, this investigation was conducted to estimate the impact of foliar application of zinc through different sources on productivity, fruit quality and improve marketable fruit of “Wonderful” pomegranate trees. The field experiment was performed during two seasons (2017 and 2018) on seven - year old pomegranate trees “Wonderful” cv., cultivated in a private “Hegazi” farm located at 57 km. from Cairo on the road to Alex., Egypt. Four sources of zinc named “Zinc Sulphate, Zinc mannitol complex, Bio-Nano zinc (Bio Zn NPs) and Zinc Oxide nanoparticle (ZnO NPs) with four rates from each other were sprayed twice (the first before one week from full bloom and the second after a month from the first). So the experiment included seventeen treatments in a sample study spread in a randomized complete block design by five replicates. Results explicated that the greatest significant values of fruit set% were recorded by Bio Nano Zinc (Bio Zn NPs) treatments especially (400 ppm Bio-Nano Zinc (Bio Zn NPs)). Spraying with (3000, 4000 ppm Zn mannitol complex) and (300, 400 ppm Bio-Nano Zinc (Bio Zn NPs)) showed significantly the greatest values of productivity, improves marketable fruits and fruit quality of “Wonderful” pomegranate trees. So it could be recommended by spraying “Wonderful” pomegranate trees by 3000 ppm Zinc mannitol complex or 300 ppm Bio-Nano zinc (Bio Zn NPs). Another important point is that the application of Bio Zn NPs fertilizer at around 10% from the commercial dose of zinc sulphate resulted in the same results without any change in the productivity, further researches are needed to study a further low level of Zinc Oxide nanoparticle (ZnO NPs) below (100 ppm Zinc Oxide nanoparticle (ZnO NPs)) which may be improving yield and fruit quality
foliar application
pomegranate
yield
Zinc Sulphate
Zinc mannitol complex Bio Nano zinc
Zinc Oxide nanoparticle
2020
03
01
275
291
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83174_b5693cd7e0ed9b31aa0b70ef7c7a3514.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
Assessment of coffee-based agroforestry system performance by provinces in the Central Highlands of Vietnam
p
Hoi
N
Manh
T
Vien
Dominated by intensive coffee monocultures for the last 30 years, farmers in the Central Highlands of Vietnam has been increasingly experienced with farming difficulties given resource degradation, market and climate uncertainties. In recent years, a number of farmers have diversified their coffee farms toward the forms of agroforestry: through integrating fruit and other crops into coffee farms. This study, by referring to the existing 10 agroforestry systems and 10 forestry ecological zones identified in the region for its approach, conducted in 20 communes throughout five provinces in the region at the coffee harvesting period in the end of 2018. In total, 249 farmers were identified through snowball sampling technique and successfully interviewed. Five major agroforestry systems are identified with sufficient sample size for statistical analyses. By detailed assessment of inputs used and revenue, this study proves that agroforestry systems strongly enhance farmer’s income. However, the success varies among the five studied provinces. Farmer’s technical know-how and their choice on 2nd crop made their agroforestry farming profit largely different. Given the fact that large percentage of land in the tropics is too dry, too steep, or too rocky to be classified as arable land which has been further problematic through increasing exposure to erosion resulting from unsustainable farming practices, often driven by intensive monocultures, efforts to promote agroforestry in Vietnam in particular and the tropics in general is thus needed, not only for surviving increasing population but also recovering and protecting the environment. In the situation of the Central Highlands of Vietnam, together with efforts in promoting agroforestry, a restructure of farming system needs to be considered in accordance with foreseeable difficulties in farming conditions, i.e., more water stress will be happened in certain provinces. These provinces should take a shift more toward less-irrigation dependent crops and reduce their dependence on coffee. These changes will create a better common guarantee for all farmers in coping with future uncertainties.
The Central Highlands of Vietnam
agroforestry
Coffee
Risks
Profit
2020
03
01
293
302
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_98440_54779eb464684bcfe737c974622faa4e.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
Impact certain plant extracts on toxicity, biochemical effects and some biological measurements of peach fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders)
Ghada
Morsy
E
Gazia
Saneya
Farag
Gamila
Selem
Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) flies are the dangerous insect pests of fruit, vegetables, and nuts over the world. This study provides the published information on toxicity, biochemical effects and some biological measurements of the peach fly, B. zonata by using some plant extracts (phytochemicals) namely Moringa oleifera oil, lemon peel oil and M. oleifera leaf extract, which would be more informative for publication facilitating related to integrated pest management (IPM) strategies of B. zonata. Effect of different concentrations of M. oleifera oil, lemon peel oil and M. oleifera leaf extract on biochemical effects (total proteins, total carbohydrates and acetylcholine esterase enzyme) and some biological aspects (pupal mortality, pupal duration, adult emergence, emerged deformed adult and malformation score) of the peach fly, B. zonata were studied. Results showed that M. oleifera oil is highly toxic to pupae of the peach fly, B. zonata with LC50 of 2.569, 2.773 and 2.370 ml/L and LC90 of 85.459, 92.171 and 18.314 ml/L in yellow, sandy and clay soils respectively. Whereas lemon peel oil come in the second position in order of toxicity and M. oleifera leaf extract was the least toxic compound. These results cleared that concentrations of total proteins, total carbohydrates and acetylcholine esterase enzyme activity markedly decreased in pupae of B. zonata after exposure to M. oleifera oil, lemon peel oil and M. oleifera leaf extract with highly significant effects compared with control. Obtained results showed that an inhibitory action of M. oleifera oil, lemon peel oil and M.oleifera leaf extract at all each of concentration levels when mixed with three types of soils namely, yellow soil, sandy soil and clay soil compared with untreated . These results suggest that three tested plant extracts has the probably to be used as a natural plant productions to control of the peach fly, B. zonata.
Plant extracts
Biochemical effects
biological aspects
Bactrocera zonata
2020
03
01
303
314
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83192_cdd102affe7076cab98be5925837b802.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
EFFECT OF CERTAIN PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS ISOLATES ON THE INFECTION OF ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE, MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA IN TOMATO AND EGGPLANT AND THE PLANT GROWTH
Nora
Saleh
A
Mahgoob
Entsar
Taha
Wafaa
El-Nagdi
M
Youssef
Mona
Zayed
Under screen house conditions, two experiments were carried out to evaluate certain bacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates regarding reproductive potential of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, infecting tomato or eggplant. Results on tomato revealed that, on the basis of average total percentages nematode reduction, the over topped results were gained with P. fluorescens (Pf2) which recorded the highest significant (P≤0.05) average nematode reduction (61.3%) and higher percentage reduction of females (77%) per plant. The second rank was obtained by Pf3 which reduced all nematode numbers as an average of 56.9%.On the basis of average total percentages plant growth and weight of fruit increases, four bacterial treatments can be ranked in a descending order as follows: Pf9 > Pf4>Pf1and Pf7, as they achieved the highest average total percentages increases of 96.0, 47.3, 38.2and 29.8%, respectively compared to other treatments and untreated check. Regarding to eggplant, the over topped results observed was achieved by P. fluorescens (Pf10) which recorded the highest average total nematode reduction (66.2%) with higher reduction of (J2s) in roots (89.9%) per plant and in soil (78.8%) per pot. The second rank was obtained by Pf9 and Pf2 where they reduced all nematode numbers as averages of 55.9% and 54.9%, respectively. Also Pseudomonas isolates enhanced the plant growth of eggplant, averages were found in a descending order as follows: Pf1 (20.0%), Pf9 (18.7%) and Pf10 (18.3%) . It is worthy to note that the most distinct growth criteria was fresh weight of roots as it achieved higher percentage increase (58.1%) by using Pf9 followed by Pf1 as it caused 40.6% increase compared to untreated check. The highest average percentage of fresh weight of shoot were recorded for Pf10 (26.4%) and Pf8 (22.1%). Whereas for dry weight Pf3 (29.8%) and Pf2 (19.1%). In conclusion, the tested biocontrol agent was efficient in controlling the root-knot nematode on tested plants.
Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates
Tomato
Eggplant
Meloidogyne incognita
2020
03
01
315
327
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83169_82b769ab62e7ffbc1cbe8207b79face2.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
The effectiveness of some pesticides in the control of thrips and red spider mites on strawberry plants
Eman
Abdelmaksoud
S
Elrefai
K
Mahmoud
M
Ragab
This study was carried out in a private farm in Wardan, Giza governorate in Egypt during 2019 season on strawberry plants. The first experiment aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different commercial products in cultivated land including Solo 24% SC (Bifenazate), Arbus 12% SC (Chlorfenapyr + Emamectin benzoate) , Concor 24% SC (Spirodiclofen), Excellent 1.9% EC (Emamectin benzoate) , Top9 (Chitosan 0.1%) , Biomectin 5% EC (Abamectin) and Congest 15% CS (Abamectin + Imidacloprid) in reducing the population densities of two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus uriticae Koch. on strawberry plants. According to general mean percentage of reduction in population of T. uriticae, data showed insignificant differences among the seven tested compounds whereas the mortality percentages were 85.94 %, 82.18%, 81.4%, 79.36%, 78.14%, 77.94% and 75.9%, respectively. From these results; it’s clear that Solo compound is the most effective compound and Congest is the lowest one. The other compounds ranged between them in controlling T. uriticae under these experimental conditions. The second experiment evaluated the effectiveness of different formulations in the nursery including Radiant (Spinetoram 12% Sc), Super Rigo (Naphthyl acetic acid – Chitosan), Top9 and Berna Star (Glyceryl stearate 32%) in reducing the population densities of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) on strawberry plants. According to general mean percentage of reduction in population of F. occidentalis, data showed significant differences among the four compounds. These compounds could be divided into three groups. The first group contained Radiant compound showing high mortality (63.5%). The second group contained Super Rigo and Top9 compounds showing moderate effect (46.44% & 34.3%), respectively. The third group contained Berna Star compound showing least effect (28.36%). From these results; it’s clear that the chemical compound Radiant is the most effective while the natural compound Berna Star is the lowest in controlling F. occidentalis under these experimental conditions.
Frankliniella occidentalis
Tetranychus urticae Strawberry & Control
Chitosan
Spirodiclofen Bifenazate
Abamectin & Emamectin benzoate Imidacloprid Chlorfenapyr
Spinetoram
2020
03
01
329
335
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83168_95aaa2e41310feddfa2496e4a49f91af.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
Some Ecological Aspects on the Striped Mealybug Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell) Infesting Acalypha Shrubs in Qalyubiya Governorate, Egypt
Dalia
Nabil
A
Amin
Omnia
Elsahn
E
Yousef
Acalypha shrubs Acalypha wilkesiana Mull.(Euphorbiaceae) found to be favorable host for the striped mealybug Ferrisia virgate (Cockerell)( Pseudococcidae) . This mealybug species is attacked all plant parts and caused considerable damages to this host. Some ecological aspects were carried out on F. virgata infesting acalypha shrubs throughout two successive years (2014-2015) and (2015-2016) in Qalyubiya Governorate. Results obtained showed that population density was more abundant during the second year than the first one, the annual means of total population were 62.02 and 52.01 individuals/leaf), respectively. Also, results revealed that, seasonal abundance of F. virgata found to be active from June to January of next year. The population density was reached its maximum activity on October during both years being 123.0 and 145.2 individuals /leaf for the first and second year, respectively. The prevailing main average temperature and relative humidity were ranging between 22.8°C, 24.2°C and 67%, 64% for the 1st and 2nd years, respectively. These conditions seemed to be favorable conditions for insect activity. After this activity period all stages of this species were disappeared from all plant parts. This phenomenon indicate that this mealybug species was overwinter during winter and spring seasons till the next summer. From these findings it could be stated that any control measurements must be early applied during June, at the beginning of activity period of this mealybug species. Also, results clarified that F. virgate was passed through two annual overlapping field generations on acalypha shrubs. Duration of the first generation was ranged between 80-85 days which occurred during summer months. While the second generation was lasted 75 days and occurred during autumn. Statistical analysis revealed that separate effect of each mean, two weeks earlier of the four selected weather factors on changes in population density of F. virgata most factors had insignificant effects except mean minimum temperature which had positive significant effects throughout the both years (r coefficient values were 0.589 and 0.677). While the combined effects of the four selected factors (mean minimum, maximum temperature, average temperature and mean percentage of relative humidity), two weeks earlier, had significant effects, as a group on the change in population density especially during (2014-2015) , the explained variance was 79.2% and F value 14.4.
Ferrisia
guava
seasonal
Fluctuation
ecological and generation
2020
03
01
337
348
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83165_2c7116e9754e0505fbcea0ef57401f31.pdf
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
1110-2675
2020
28
1
Soil hydrophysical properties as affected by kind of added polymer.
Asmaa
Musa
E
Sallam
Usama
Elbehairy
M
Galal
Laboratory experiments were carried out to clarify the impact of different types of natural and synthetic polymers on some hydrophysical properties (soil hydraulic parameters) of a sandy soil. Adding 0.5% (w/w) of each treatment to soil significantly increased water retention at saturation, field capacity, total available water and readily available water. This treatment decreased the value of inflection point on water retention curve as result of enhancing water behavior in the soil. The obtained results revealed that soil water storage significantly increased from 0.271 in control treatment (without adding polymer) up to 0.414 in treatment [T10] (Acrylic acid + Xanthan) while, field capacity increased significantly from 0.078 in control up to 0.242 of the abovementioned treatment (T10). Regarding the effects of polymer application in total available water and readily available water, data revealed significant increases in the above mentioned parameters. Total available water increased from 0.044 in control treatment up to 0.153 in T10 and readily available water increased from 0.057in control treatment up to 0.185 in T10. Concerning values of inflection point on soil water retention curve, the obtained results revealed that, inflection point of control treatment (1000 mbar) decreased to 590 mbar, as a result of adding a mixture of polymer acrylic acid + xanthan (T10 ).Soil depletion rate decreased as due to polymer application by 25% up to 75% depending on type of polymer and wether it was added individually or in combination with another polymer. This effect led to significant differences among control treatment (control) and the other treatments. Generally, there were significant effects of all polymers on the concerned hydrophyical properties of the studied sandy soil, i.e. storage capacity of soil water, depletion rate of soil water, soil field capacity , soil available water, readily available water and inflection point on the soil water retention curve. Acrylic acid recorded the best results concerning soil water behavior if it was added individually to the sandy soil (Treatment 2) or in combination with Xanthan (Treatment 10) or with Lignosulphonate (Treatment 11).
Soil hydrophysical properties
Available water
Readily available water
Inflection point
field capacity
Natural polymer and Synthetic polymer
2020
03
01
349
365
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_83188_62ab557feae36e56268dab061017adc4.pdf