Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
ULTRASTRUCTURE OF TWO GENUS Przhevalskiana silenus (Brauer, 1858) AND Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858) WHICH AFFECTS GOATS BY MYASIS IN SAUDI ARABIA
3
11
EN
Sara
A.
Aljubran
University of Dammam, College of Science, Department of Biology, Section Zoology
*(Maling Address: P.O. Box 838 Postal Code 31113, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Souad
M
Alsaqabi
University of Dammam, College of Science, Department of Biology, Section Zoology
*(Maling Address: P.O. Box 838 Postal Code 31113, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
10.21608/ajs.2011.14517
Ultrastructure study revealed two types of fly larvae <em>Przhevalskiana silenus</em> <strong>(Brauer, 1858)</strong> and<br /> <em><br clear="all" /> </em><br /> <em>Cochliomyia hominivorax</em> <strong>(Coquerel, 1858)</strong> that causes myasis in Goats in Saudi Arabia, The study recorded that the exact composition of these two genus showed differences in morphological characteristics, which cannot be identified using an optical microscope. All previous studies recorded on the same region never before carried out ultrastracture studied.
Myasis,SEM,Saudi Arabia,goats,(Przhevalskiana silenus (Brauer,Cochli-omyia hominivorax (Coquerel,1858)
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14517.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14517_159c66adb746c88b0a7e655b1b8da0d3.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE SHEEP NOSE MYASIS OESTRUS OVIS (Linnaeus, 1758) AND CAMEL'S NOSE MYASIS CEPHALOPINA TITILLATOR (Clark, 1797) IN SAUDI ARABIA FARMS
13
23
EN
Sara
A.
Aljubran
University of Dammam, College of Science, Department of Biology, Section Zoology
*(Maling Address: P.O. Box 838 Postal Code 31113, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Souad M.
Alsaqabi
ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE SHEEP NOSE MYASIS OESTRUS OVIS
(Linnaeus, 1758) AND CAMEL'S NOSE MYASIS CEPHALOPINA
TITILLATOR (Clark, 1797) IN SAUDI ARABIA FARMS
10.21608/ajs.2011.14519
Farm animals have a high economic importance because of their important products such as meat, milk, hair as well as skin, not only in our country but also all over the world. These animals can be infected by serious pathogens, external and<br /> <br /> internal parasites causing severe damage, which result in losses of animal production. Accordingly, the study of external parasites with light microscope and scanning electron microscope were recorded, to clarify the exact composition of species. Also, differences in the morphological characteristics between the two Myiasis species: <em>Oestrus ovis </em><strong>(Linnaeus, 1758)</strong>and<em> Cephalopina titillator</em><strong> (Clark 1797)</strong><em>,</em> were investigated.
Saudi Arabia,Oestrus ovis,Cephalopina titillator,SEM
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14519.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14519_cde640f5519f70d029e73542f7423955.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
TAXONOMIC STUDY OF TWO GENUS IN LICE Linognathus Africanus (Kellogg And Paine, 1911) & Bovicola (Damalinia) ovis (Schrank, 1781) BY SCANNING ELECTRONIC MICROSCOPE (SEM)
25
36
EN
Sara A.
Aljubran
University of Dammam, College of Science, Department of Biology, Section Zoology
*(Maling Address: P.O. Box 838 Postal Code 31113, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Souad M.
Alsaqabi
University of Dammam, College of Science, Department of Biology, Section Zoology
*(Maling Address: P.O. Box 838 Postal Code 31113, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
10.21608/ajs.2011.14521
This study presents the Mallophaga and Anoplura lice which affects farm animals (camels sheep and goats), a local area east of the Saudi Arabia of different ages, races, classes. Study the classification of <br clear="all" /> lice were recorded as using the optical microscope and electronic scanning. The study shows scanning electron microscopy micro-structure of the species: <em>Bovicola</em>(<em>Damalinia</em>) <em>ovis</em>, <em>Linognathus</em> <em>africanus</em> and the study showed the installation of a portfolio of head lice, and the distribution of filament head, chest and abdomen, as shown over the centuries, the difference in the form of remote sensing and Swallows in the sexual lice, the first study in this area.
Bovicola (Damalinia) ovis,Linognathus africanus,Saudi Arabia,SEM
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14521.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14521_0b41edc3a1bb9de04cf8e5c215f8833c.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
THE DETERMINANTS OF POLITICAL PARTICIPATION OF RURAL YOUTH A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE YOUTH IN MENOUFIYA GOVERNORATE
39
85
EN
Farahat
A.E.
Mohamed
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, College of Agriculture, Menoufiya University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
10.21608/ajs.2011.14522
This study aimed at identifying the political knowledge and some aspects of political participation of the rural youth, and determining variables that are proposed to relate and explaine the variance of degree of political knowledge and political participation of the rural youth. Data were collected from a random sample of 1100 youth (550 males, and 550 females) in eleven villages at Menoufiya governorate through personal interviews with respondents.<br /> The results of the study indicated a low political knowledge degree and political participation degree for the rural youth. The results of statistical tests revealed that there were significant differences between the two groups of respondents (males and females) regarding political knowledge degree and political participation degree. The findings of step-wise multiple regression analysis indicated that:<br /> 1- The most important variables affecting degree of male’s political knowledge were education level, participation in developmental projects, cultural cosmoplitness, participation in public election’s conferences, participation in social organizations and participation in political parties. These six significant independent variables explained only 37.9% of the total variance of the male’s political knowledge degree.<br /> <br /> 2- The most important variables affecting degree of female’s political knowledge were education level, cultural cosmoplitness, participation in social organizations, socialization and politicalization, geographical cosmoplitness, monthly incom and age. These seven significant independent variables explained only 33.3% of the total variance of the female’s political knowledge degree.<br /> 3- The most important variables affecting degree of male’s political participation were political knowledge degree, participation in social organizations, participation in developmental projects and cultural cosmoplitness. These four significant independent variables explained only 24% of the total variance of the male’s political participation degree.<br /> 4- The most important variables affecting degree of female’s political participation were political knowledge degree, participation in social organizations, age, geographical cosmoplitness, family education level and cultural cosmoplitness. These six significant independent variables explained only 15.6% of the total variance of the female’s political participation degree. <br /> The study were concluded with a discussion of its findings and a number of suggestions for the inhancement of rural youth’ participation in political activities were introduced.
Rural Youth,Politicalization,Political Knowledge,political participation
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14522.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14522_0931c1b70139022fcd61759bd60afc6e.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
MODERNITY OF FARMERS ِِِِA STUDY OF TWO VILLAGES IN MINUFIYA GOVERNORATE
87
106
EN
Keneber
Kh.
A.
Dept. of Agricultural Extension, and Rural Sociology, Minufiya University, Shebin El-kom, Egypt
Shahin
A.
S.
Dept. of Agricultural Extension, and Rural Sociology, Minufiya University, Shebin El-kom, Egypt
10.21608/ajs.2011.14524
This study aimed at: 1. Identify the level of modernization between respondents in the Minufiya Governorate in Egypt, 2. Study the relationship between the farmers’ characteristics and level of modernity.<br /> The present study was conducted in two villages of Minufiya governorate which were Kafer Betibs from Tala districts and Met Faris Barket El- Sabah districts. A random sample of 100 farmers was chosen from each village.<br /> Data were collected by interviewing respondents through using a pretested questionnaire. It were statistically analyzed by using frequencies, percentages, simple correlation coefficients, T Scores, Z Scores and logistic regression analysis .<br /> <br /> <strong>The results revealed that</strong><br /> <br /> 1. The highest proportion of farmers was between 28 and 60 years. Mean values for family size in the different study areas were 5.49, the main occupation of respondents was agriculture (60%) A large share of farmers (70%) received formal education, while (30%) of farmers did not receive any formal education. Farmers in the study area were small-scale farmers, it showed that the average size of land owned was one feddan, the average level of living was 12.19, <br clear="all" /> the average annual gross farm income in the study area was 11362 L.E per household. All farmers in the study areas were members of the agricultural cooperative, which exist in all villages. Membership of these cooperatives was mandatory for those farmers who had reasonable access to it; 51.5% of farmers have a medium level of cosmopoliteness, 37% have a high level. More than 75% of farmers were falling in the medium level of communication with agricultural information, more than 65% of farmers had a medium level of aspiration, only 1.5% of farmers had a high level of aspiration, The highest proportion of farmers was a medium degree of filiations to community.<br /> 2. The results showed that non of the respondents from the sample size had a high level of agricultural modernity, 76.5% had a medium level and 23.5 % only had low level.<br /> 3.The coefficients of the logistic model used to investigate factors affecting the modernity of farmers. The chi-square test showed the level of significance of the parameters included in the model (at P <0.01). Modernity of farmers was correctly predicted for 77.5% of the farmers. The factors that contribute to modernity of farmers according to the Wald chi-square statistic were in order of importance: degree of affiliation, cosmopoliteness, family size, farm size, and aspiration level.<br /> <br />
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14524.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14524_cb5ddb19582abe53797355a449e8f7ac.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
STUDY OF GENETIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOME OLIVE VARIETIES IN GELLIN GENE BANK
109
116
EN
Nouran
Moustafa
Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Damascus, Syria, P.O. Box 30621
Faisal
Hamed
Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Damascus, Syria, P.O. Box 30621
Slam
Lawand
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Damascus, Syria, P.O. Box 30621
10.21608/ajs.2011.14527
Olive tree (<em>Olea europaea</em> L.) is one of the most important fruit trees, there is a lot of varieties with the possibility of mislabeling, homogenouses and synonyms, which makes major troubles when having plant material for propagation and breeding programs. In this search, 12 olive varieties (Mawi Istanbuli, Khilkhali Khishen, Dan, Mniekri, Adkam, Doaibli, Jlot, Khilkhali Saghir, Karamani Modabal,<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Mawi abo Shokeh, Sourani, and Abo Shokeh), cultivated in ACSAD Gene bank in Gellin, were characterized by ISSR molecular markers to determine the relationship between these varieties. Depending on quantitive traits the results indicated that these varieties are so close to each other's, ranged from 60% and 85%. It was noticed that Mneikri was apart from the other varieties in its traits, (polymorphic rate was 92.94%).<br />
olive,dendrogram,Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR)
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14527.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14527_60a853a304968afb95a3291453005b36.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
MICROPROPAGATION OF DAMASK ROSE (Rosa damascena)
117
127
EN
Alsemaan
T.; N. Albatal
Almaarri
Kh.
- Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Damascus, Syria
10.21608/ajs.2011.14537
<br /> This study aimed to establishing a protocol for producing <em>in-vitro</em> plants of <em>Rosa Damascene</em>. The culture was conducted at the Commission of Biotechnology in Damascus. Four types of explants were cultured on MS medium and some factors affecting culture were examined. The results showed that no viruses were observed, the lateral buds were superior over other explants, then the <br clear="all" /> lateral microcuttings, after that, the apical micro-cuttings, and, finally, the shoot tips. The highest multiplication rate was observed at the hormonal combinations of (benzyl adenine BA 3mg/l with indole-3-acetic acid IAA 0.1 mg/l), and the highest elongation average were observed at ( IAA 0.1 mg/l with BA 2-6mg/l) or ( indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) 0.1 with (BA) 5-6 mg/l). The transferring was positively effective. The highest rooting percentage was observed when naphthalene acetic acid NAA or IBA were used. (Berlite: peatmoss, 1:1) was the best growing medium for hardening.<br />
: Damask Rose,micro-propagation,tissue culture,Explants,Hormonal Combination
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14537.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14537_1bfe98b743a3109aa8f786d86079b475.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
EFFECT OF NEEM AND WILLOW AQUEOUS EXTRACTS ON FUSARIUM WILT DISEASE IN TOMATO SEEDLINGS: 1-INDUCTION OF ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSIVE ENZYMES
131
140
EN
, R.M
Farag Hanaa
Agricultural Biochemistry Dept., Fac. Agric. Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra Elkhema, Cairo, Egypt
Abdou
Zeinab A.
Agricultural Biochemistry Dept., Fac. Agric. Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra Elkhema, Cairo, Egypt
Salama
Dawlat A.
Agricultural Biochemistry Dept., Fac. Agric. Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra Elkhema, Cairo, Egypt
Ibrahim
Mervat A.R.
Agricultural Biochemistry Dept., Fac. Agric. Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra Elkhema, Cairo, Egypt
Sror
H.A.M.
Agricultural Biochemistry Dept., Fac. Agric. Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra Elkhema, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/ajs.2011.14624
Fusarium wilt disease is one of the major plant diseases that affect tomato production. The effects of neem (<em>Azadirachta indica</em>) and willow (<em>Salix babylonica</em>) aqueous extracts on fusarium wilt disease in tomato seedlings were investigated. Four weeks old tomato seedlings were treated with 10% of either neem and willow aqueous extracts and then infected with <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> after 4 days of treatment. The results showed that the percentage of disease incidence was increased in non treated tomato seedlings in time dependent manner and reached the maximum level (65%) after 6 weeks of infection. Treatments of tomato plants with neem and willow aqueous extracts reduced the percentage of disease incidence to the level of 25.5% and 27.8% after 6 weeks of infection respectively. The results show that infection of tomato seedling with <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> led to many morphological and biochemical changes including, reducing the growth of tomato shoot and root, increasing the level of lipid peroxidation and marked increase in the activities of antioxidant defensive enzyme i.e. POX, CAT, and SOD. Treatment with neem and willow aqueous extracts significantly exhibited a growth promotion of tomato shoot and root in infected or non infected seedling. Moreover, application of neem and willow aqueous extracts with fusarium, significantly reduce the level of lipid peroxidation and induce high activities of antioxidant defensive enzymes after 3 and 7 days of infection. Electrophoretic pattern of POX demonstrated that <em>Fusarium oxysporum </em>caused up regulation of several POX isoenzymes. It could be concluded that neem and willow aqueous extracts reduced the disease incidence of fusarium wilt in tomato seedlings by increasing the activities of antioxidant defensive enzymes and decreasing the level of lipid peroxidation.<br />
Willow,Neem,Tomato seedlings,Fusarium oxysporum,Antioxidant enzymes
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14624.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14624_f733bc7300d20f562fa7f36bf2c8416a.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
TAXONOMIC EVALUATION USING POLLEN GRAIN SCULPTURE AND SEED COAT CHARACTERS OF 11 TAXA OF GENUS HIBISCUS (MALVACEAE) IN EGYPT
143
152
EN
M.A
El-Kholy
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
Kasem
W.T.
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
Mabrouk
A.S.
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
10.21608/ajs.2011.14637
Pollen grain morphology and seed coat characters of 11 cultivars belonging to two species of genus <em>Hibiscus</em> (Family Malvaceae) namely <em>H. esculentus</em> (<em>H. Abelmoschus)</em> and <em>H. sabdariffa</em> were investigated. This study was carried out using light microscope (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Pollen morphology of this genus is fairly uniform. Generally radially symmetrical apolar, mostly spheroidal, pantoporate. Seed exomorphic characters revealed four types of ornamentations; reticulate, ocealate,foveolate andruminate. Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was employed to characterize those taxa. Thirty one bands of seed protein profiles have been constructed from the gel. The produced dendrograms were analyzed by STATISCA program using UPGMA clustering method showed a close affinity among the seven <em>H. esculentus</em> cultivars and <em>the</em> four<em> H. sabdariffa</em> cultivars.<br />
Pollen grains morphology,Hibiscus,seed coat,SDS-PAGE
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14637.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14637_731279e99d5c3982077963f836b4fc1c.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
ANTI-TUMOR ACTIVITIES AND OIL CONSTITUENTS OF ZINGIBER OFFICINALE (ZINGIBERACEAE
153
159
EN
El-Swaify
Zeinab A.
Botany and Microbiology Dept., AL-Azhar University (Girl Branch), Nasr City, Cairo
Abd AL-Kawy
Aisha M.
Botany and Microbiology Dept., AL-Azhar University (Girl Branch), Nasr City, Cairo
10.21608/ajs.2011.14642
The phytochemical studies on <em>Zingiber officinale</em> rhizomes revealed that it contains traces of flavonoid, carbohydrates, tannins, steroles or terpenoids and it is free from alkaloids.Assay of essential oil of <em>Zingiber officinale</em> rhizome was also carried out. The alcoholic extract of the plant rhizome, was examined against five tumor cell lines, BHK-2, HEPG-2, MCF-7, HCT-2 and HEP-2, using SRB. assay. All cell lines were growth inhibited in a dose dependent manner after exposure to the plant extract. The antitumor activity of the plant extract using E.A.C. method, showed a high activity against mice tumor.<br />
: Zingiber officinale,Sesquiterpenes,cell lines,Essential oils
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14642.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14642_f0d23af2398dfe8c6339eba04e42cf86.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
CELLULASE PRODUCTION BY LOCAL BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM TAIF IN SAUDI ARABIA
163
170
EN
A
Sohair
Dept. Microbiol., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Egypt & Biol. Dept., Fac. Sci., Taif Univ., Saudi Arabia
Abozaid
Abeer A.
Agric. Res. Cen.,Cairo, Egypt & Biol. Dept., Fac. Sci., Taif Univ., Saudi Arabia
Hussein
Nemmat A.
Dept. Botany, Fac. Sci., Assiut Univ., Egypt & Biol. Dept., Fac. Sci., Taif Univ., Saudi Arabia
Al-salemi
Fawzia A.
Biol. Dept., Fac. Sci., Taif Univ., Saudi Arabia
10.21608/ajs.2011.14643
Among 20 bacterial isolates isolated from the soil of El-hawia, El-hada, El-kaym and Karwa in Taif governorate in Saudi Arabia,two isolates had high efficacy in producing cellulase enzyme. They belonged to genus <em>Bacillus</em> (<em>Bacillus</em> 8 & 17). Some factors such as carbon source and wheat bran as a raw material, nitrogen source, pH and incubation temperature were investigated. Results indicated that CMC and cellulose were the most effective as they enhanced cellulases production .Sodium nitrate and ammonium chloride were the best nitrogen sources for cellulases production. Initial pH 7.0 was found to be optimal for growth and cellulase production. Incubation temperatures at 25 - 40ºC achieved high cellulases production by the two isolates.
<strong> </strong>
Cellulase production,Bacillus sp
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14643.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14643_07ad915a326b9f01d0654f2593503c66.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
CELLULASE PRODUCTION BY TWO FUNGAL STRAINS ISOLATED FROM TAIF IN SAUDI ARABIA
171
178
EN
A.
Sohair
1- Dept. Microbiol., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Egypt & Dept. Biol., Fac. Sci.,Taif Univ., Saudi Arabia
A. Hussein
Nemmat
2- Dept. Botany, Fac. Sci., Assiut Univ. ,Egypt & Dept. Biol., Fac. Sci., Taif Univ., Saudi Arabia
A. Abozaid
Abeer
3- Agric. Res. Cen., Cairo, Egypt & Dept. Biol., Fac. Sci.,Taif Univ., Saudi Arabia
Al-salemi
Fawzia A.
4- Biol. Dept., Fac. Sci., Taif Univ., Saudi Arabia
10.21608/ajs.2011.14644
Among 17 fungal isolates isolated from soil of El-hawia, El-hada, El-kaym and Karwa in Taif governorate in Saudi Arabia, two isolates showed high efficacy in producing cellulases enzymes. They were identified to be <em>Alternaria alternata</em> and <em>Aspergillus wenti</em><em>i</em>. Some factors such as carbon and wheat bran as a raw material, nitrogen, pH and incubation temperature were investigated. Results indicated that glucose and cellulose were the most effective as a carbon source while, urea was the best nitrogen source for cellulases production. Initial pH 5.0 and incubation temperatures at 25 or 35ºC achieved high cellulases production.
Cellulases production,Alternaria alternata,Aspergillus wentii
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14644.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14644_7b2db1cd61424c7e43cfa0d7a1c28390.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
MICROBIAL PRODUCTION OF THERMOALKALIPHILIC ENZYMES FROM EL-KHORMA GOVERNORATE FOR APPLICATION IN BIODETERGENT TECHNOLOGY
179
189
EN
10.21608/ajs.2011.14647
Detergents are an undetectable source of pollution, which hidden in most of our daily activities. Detergents could cause harmful effects before they are completely degraded. It is wise to reduce the amount of detergents that usually used by invention new bio-friendly formula contains efficient enzymes such as protease. Screening studies were carried out for one hundred and fifty bacterial isolates with respect to their ability to produce protease(s), after growing on slaughter house wastes (SHW) isolated from El-Khorma governorate,Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) at 55ºC, and pH 9. The most potent thermophilic bacterial isolate concerning of alkaline thermostable protease(s) production was identified as <em>Bacillus</em> <em>licheniformis </em>EGT50. Alkaline thermostable proteases productivity by the most potent bacterial isolate was affected by substrate concentrations (solid substrate), carbon source, nitrogen source, amino acid supplements, incubation temperature, incubation period, and inoculum size. Maximum both enzymes production by <em>B. licheniformis </em>EGT50 was obtained on SHW concentrations, 7.5 %; galactose; diammonium hydrogen phosphate; arginine at 55°C for 72 h. when inoculated by 0.5 ml. The protease production under all optimal conditions was increased many folds from 563.68 to 17825 U/ml (31 fold). The purification fold of <em>B. licheniformis</em> EGT50 alkaline thermostable protease increased to 394.7 after applying Sephadex G200 column chromatography techniques. The enzyme productivity of protease has been determined and the result proved the possibility to use the crude and purified enzymes in biodetergent technology
Thermostable,Alkaliphilic,Protease,Biodetergent,Bacillus licheniformis
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14647.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14647_e0f7519c0156abb624292751317edef5.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
ANALYTIC STUDY OF SHORT FIBER CONTENT IN EGYPTIAN COTTON
193
201
EN
10.21608/ajs.2011.14651
The present study was carried out to verify the variation of short fiber content (SFC) and its importance. The instruments and/ or methods used to measure short fiber include High Volume Instrument (HVI), Fibrograph 630 and Suter-Webb array.
Materials used in this study included the extra-long and long staple varieties with wide range of lint grades. The three measures of short fiber especially, Suter-Webb-SFC exhibited high variations for lint grades and low variations for cotton varieties. Suter-Webb short fiber shows higher values than the HVI and Fibrogragh short fiber. Results indicate that most of the fiber and yarn quality properties are strongly correlated with each of the three measures of short fiber content. Comparisons between the three measures indicate that they correlate well with each other. Highly significant regression model was developed to predict short fiber content from maturity percentage, fiber length, length uniformity and fiber strength. The closer normalized short fiber content (NSF) is to 1 (or 100%), the higher the agreement between SFC and predicted short fiber content (PSF).
Cotton,Short fiber
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14651.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14651_95fe127826c7f85c08c96c6e82876946.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
INFLUENCE OF GREEN-HOUSE COVER ON POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AND CUCUMBER WATER REQUIREMENTS
205
215
EN
, F.A
Hashem
Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza- Egypt
Medany
M.A.
Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
El-Moniem
E.M. Abd
Soil Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt
Abdallah
M.M.F.
Horticulture Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/ajs.2011.14657
The experiment was conducted through two successive seasons of 2008 and 2009 at El-Bosaily farm, El-Behira governorate at the North Coastal of the Nile Delta, in Egypt. This work aimed to study the effect of three green-house covers (polyethylene sheet, white and black net) and three irrigation levels [80%, 100% and 120% of the potential evapotranspiration estimated according to class A pan equation (ET<sub>o</sub>)], applied by drip irrigation system, on plant growth and crop yield of Cucumber (<em>Cucumis sativus</em> L. cv. Reda F<sub>1</sub>). The experimental design was split- plot with three replicates. The results showed that white net green-house cover optimized growth and yield of cucumber plant. White net cover treatment recorded the highest vegetative growth (plant height, number of leaves, total leaves area, total fresh and dry weights), and significantly increased total yield. The highest vegetative growth was obtained by 100% ET<sub>o</sub> compared to 80 and 120% ET<sub>o</sub> treatments. The interaction among water treatment and green-house cover indicated the highest vegetative growth and crop yield were obtained under white net cover with 100% ET<sub>o</sub>.
: Cucumis sativus L,irrigation levels,Polyethylene sheet,White net,Black net,water use efficiency,Crop yield
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14657.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14657_7fd7ee39164fa2f34444152b5e2e47e5.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF STRAWBERRY GROWN IN ROOT- KNOT NEMATODE INFESTED SOIL UNDER DIFFERENT SAFETY CONTROL APPLICATIONS
217
231
EN
M.E
Mahdy
Dept. of Agric. Botany, Fac. of Agric.; Minufiya Univ.; Shebin El-Kom; Egypt
E-Mail: mahdymagdy@yahoo.com
Midan
Sally A.
Dept. of Horticulture, Fac. of Agric.; Minufiya Univ.; Shebin El-Kom; Egypt
E-Mail: Sally.midan@yahoo.com
10.21608/ajs.2011.14666
Two successive field experiments during two seasons of 2008 and 2009, were carried out to evaluate some safety treatments including: mulching, tunnels, natural yeast extract, antioxidant and two rhizobacteria <em>Serratia marcescens</em> and <em>Pseudomonas</em> <em>fluorescens</em> towards root-knot nematode <em>Meloidogyne</em> spp. on strawberry plant grown in naturally infested soil and consequently their probable effects on growth parameters, chemical components and yield of strawberry compared to untreated control. Results of this study confirmed that all used treatments, significantly reduced all related nematode parameters i.e. number of galls/root system; number of egg masses/root system as well as number of juveniles/250 g soil ﴾either after 2 or 4 months﴿ when compared to plants grown in the naturally infested soil only. The highest percentage of reduction in all related nematode parameters were noticed after 4 months. Mulching, <em>S. marcescens</em>,<em> P. fluorescens</em> and tunnels, played an important role in reducing the percentage of nematode parameters. Mulching and <em>S</em>. <em>marcescens </em>reduced the percentage of gall numbers/root system by 77%, followed by tunnels by 75% and <em>P. fluorescens</em> by 70%. <em>S</em>. <em>marcescens</em> reduced the percentage of egg masses/root system by 80% followed by<em> P. fluorescens</em> by 78% and mulching by 76%. Results indicated that the soil treated with mulching, also significantly reduced the percentage of juvenile numbers/250 g soil by 79% followed by <em>S</em>. <em>marcescens</em> by 73%. Results confirmed also that all used treatments significantly increased all related plant growth characters viz. leaves, stems, root fresh and dry weight; plant height, leaves number, root length as well as false stem length. Moreover, these treatments significantly increased the activity of some oxidative enzymes e.g. peroxidase and phenoloxidase as well as some other chemical components i.e. total soluble solids (T.S.S %) and vitamin C (V.C). Results revealed that all previous treatments significantly increased the early and total yield. Our results confirmed that, the rhizobacterium <em>S</em>. <em>marcescens</em> came in the first rank as a promoter of all related plant growth characters, followed by tunnels and mulching treatments. Results confirmed that also the antioxidants, are considered the effective one in enhancing the activities of peroxidase and phenoloxidase as well as T.S.S% and V.C followed by the natural yeast extract
Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa),rhizobacteria,Physical Control,antioxidant,biological control,Root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne spp
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14666.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14666_39d67b4ce8430aa71dbd63aa562518c3.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
ROLE OF POTASSIUM AND SALINITY EFFECTS ON GROWTH AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS OF DATE PALM PLANTLETS
233
244
EN
Darwesh
Rasmia
Central Laboratory for Research and Development of Date palm, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
El-Banna
A.A.
Central Laboratory for Research and Development of Date palm, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/ajs.2011.14674
<br /> A greenhouse pot experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of salinity and potassium at different levels alone or in various combinations on growth, mineral and proline content in leaves of plantlets of <em>Phoenix dactylifera</em> L. cv. Bartomouda (<em>in vitro</em> production, two years old from acclimatized them). The following treatments were applied: three levels of salinity Na Cl + Ca Cl<sub>2 </sub>w.w 2:1 (14000, 16000 and 18000 ppm.) and two levels of potassium (2000 and 3000 ppm) in addition to control (no salts or potassium used), salts and potassium were added in the irrigation water. In general, all levels of salinity significantly decreased various growth parameters such as plant height, number of leaves and roots, root length, fresh and dry weights of leaves than that of the control. These parameters were decreased with increasing salinity levels, whereas it, significantly increased Na, Ca and K contents in leaves with high content of proline. The treatment 18000 ppm salts gave the highest significant reduction of the growth parameters, while caused an increase in proline Na, Ca, and K contents compared to control treatment (no salts) . This was true in both seasons. The applications of potassium significantly increased the previous growth parameters as compared with the control treatment (without salts and potassium) the treatment 3000 ppm had the highest results. Moreover the applications of potassium gave high alleviated the negative effects of salt stress, the treatment 3000 ppm gave the best results on the growth parameters of date palm plantlets grown under salinity condition . Regarding the interaction the obtained data revealed that the interaction between treatment 3000 ppm potassium and 14000 salts produced the highest significant results. Generally, from the obtained results it can conclude that the plantlets of date palm produced by tissue culture can be tolerated salt stress by addition of potassium which can significantly ameliorate the harmful effects of salts, positive effects on the growth parameters of the plantlets was showed by potassium applications.<br />
potassium,salinity,proline,date palm
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14674.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14674_e41edfb0747be45a4f3bf131592d373e.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
EFFECT OF SOWING DATES OF THREE COWPEA CULTIVARS ON THEIR INFESTATION RATE WITH COWPEA POD BORER ETIELLA ZINCKENELLA
247
259
EN
A.A.R
Helalia
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr city, Cairo, Egypt
Ali
F.A.F.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Hegab
M.F.A.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Kamal
Kh.A.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/ajs.2011.14680
Field trials were conducted during 2005 and 2006 seasons at Minofia governorate to evaluate the effect of planting date of three cowpea cultivars on their infestation rate with cowpea pod borer, <em>Etiella zienckenella. </em>For each cowpea cultivar planted at each tested date, the numbers of bores and larvae were counted in green and dry pods as well as in dry seeds and the means were obtained to estimate the degree of insect infestations. Results indicated that, regardless the planting date in both seasons, Kream7 was the highest resistant cultivar to insect infestation followed by Kaha1 and then Kafr El Shikh1. On the other hand, regardless the cowpea cultivar, the rate of insect infestation was greatly reduced at the early plantation. Thus, selection of Kream7 cultivar and early plantation could be involved in reducing <em>E. zinckenella</em> infestation and subsequently increase the cowpea yield. These studies clearly demonstrated that several non-insecticidal approaches have great potential for cowpea pod borer <em>Etiella zinckenella</em> management. These approaches include some of integrated pest management strategies which can effectively prevent or reduce infestation
: Cowpea,sowing dates,Cowpea pod borer,Cowpea cultivars
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14680.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14680_b314307ca09d31d1910cde5a94769216.pdf
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
19
1
2011
03
01
ZINC AND MANGANESE SORPTION BEHAVIOR BY NATURAL ZEOLITE AND BENTONITE
263
271
EN
A.L.
Iskander
Central Lab., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Khema, Cairo, Egypt
Khald
E.M.
Soil Sci. Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Khema, Cairo, Egypt
Sheta
A.S.
Soil Sci. Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Khema, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/ajs.2011.14686
Understanding the sorption process in natural zeolite and bentonite is necessary for effective utilization of these minerals as nutrient adsorbents and on the other side for controlling release of plant nutrients. This research was undertaken to characterize the ability of natural zeolite and bentonite minerals to adsorb and release zinc and manganese. The potentials for sorption of these ions were evaluated by applying the Langmuir and Freundlich equations. The results showed that Langmuir constant [maximum adsorption (b mmol kg<sup>-1</sup>)] of both Zn and Mn were for bentonite > zeolite While the [binding strength values (k in L.mmol<sup>-1</sup>)] for zeolite > bentonite<br /> Zn in case of zeolite showed the lowest desorbed percentage particularly at high levels of sorbed Zn. Only, 74.7 % is readily extractable by DTPA after three successive extractions leaving, 25.3 % Zn retained by the mineral. In case of bentonite, 82.26 % of sorbed Zn is readily extractable by DTPA after three successive extractions leaving, 17.74 % Zn retained by the mineral. In case of Mn, 84.63% of Mn sorbed by zeolite is readily extractable by DTPA after three successive extractions leaving, 15.37% Mn retained by the mineral. In case of bentonite, 89.79 % of adsorbed Mn is readily extractable by DTPA after three successive extractions leaving, 10.21 % Mn retained by the mineral.<br /> This finding may reflect clearly the possibility of using natural zeolite and bentonite as a slow release fertilizer for Zn and Mn and on the other hand preventing soil pollution with heavy metals.<br />
Zeolite,Bentonite,zinc,Manganese and Sorption
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14686.html
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14686_7ffe3f14a57bb8d841e93cbc68728f6d.pdf