eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
1
31
10.21608/ajs.2006.15274
15274
Original Article
FARMERS NEED OF AN EXTENSION PROGRAM TO RATIONALIZE IRRIGATION WATER AND MANAGE NEW IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN “DARB AL-ARBE’EN” PROJECT, AL-WADY AL-GADID GOVERNORATE
M.M Moustafa Muawad
1
Agriculture Extension Rural Sociology and Agriculture Extension Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo.
The study aimed at identifying both knowledge and skill levels of farmers in regard of technical recommendations of rationalizing irrigation water use and its various management systems, determine the deficit in their knowledge and skills degree in that regard as a step to propose an extension program that hope to remedy this gap. The study was conducted in Al-Wady Al-Gadid governorate on beneficiaries of “Darb Al-Arbe’en” project, with a random sample of 160 represent about 25% of total beneficiaries (640). Data were collected through a personal interview questionnaire during (August-September) 2005, and the following statistics were used: frequencies, percentages, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficients, F test and multiple regression analysis (Stepwise).
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15274_3f1a63ff0b36bff062a5c6ee20e0a917.pdf
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
33
46
10.21608/ajs.2006.15279
15279
Original Article
FACTORS AFFECTING THE WEIGHT AND HEALTH STATUS OF BABIES OF YOUNG MOTHERS
Samia T. Eldisoky
1
National Organization of Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Medical Food Dept., Giza, Egypt.
The study was aimed to shed light upon the factors affecting on the safety and health status of babies of young mothers. The study includes 60 young mothers of ages between 14 to 18 years in Mekka (El-mokarrama). The results showed that 53.33% of the studied cases having normal weights up to delivery and 40% of them were less than 16 years; a trend that make them suffering from several diseases. Results also showed that 60% of young mothers prefer the Governmental hospital for delivery and 83.33% of these cases had only one delivery that achieved normally, while 33.33% of the young mothers having two successive deliveries with a period in between of less than one year. In spite of the importance of normal breast feeding, it was extended only for 6 months in 48.33% of the cases while 11.66% of young mothers extend breast feeding to one and halve years. A bortion case was occurred in only one case of the tested young mother representing 26.66% and some times it occurs in two cases with a level of 6.66% of the tested sample. Regarding the weight of the babies delivered for young mother they indicate less weight than the normal (2.5 Kg) representing 23.33%, and 73.33% of the babes realize good health status. On the other hand, hepatitis was found to occur with a level 50% and vomiting 21.66% and 11.66% of babies suffering from each of intestinal trends, food allergy and Bronchitis aspects. Food history proved that 66.6% of the young mothers prefer white bread followed by rice (31.67%). The normal bread (Balady) and potatoes showed a level of acceptance of 31.67% and 25% respectively. Young mothers prefer to consume sugars (71.67%) followed by chocolates (51.61) and 68.3% of them prefer to use vegetable oils, while 75% consume poultry / week. The consumption of dairy by young mothers was some what lowered (40%) than that of cheese which was 51.67%. The ratio for ready to eat foods that was found to be accepted by the investigated young mothers was 45% (Tea), 25% (Coffee), 18.3% (carbonated beverages), and 38.3% (Fruit Juices).
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15279_46ea269d74e00d21a7eaf652e285f6f5.pdf
Normal weight by the end of delivery
Young mothers
Diseases of babes
Health status and food history
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
47
58
10.21608/ajs.2006.15283
15283
Original Article
EFFECT OF BROAD BEAN MOTTLE VIRUS INFECTION ON FABA BEAN NODULATION AND EFFICIENCY OF N2-FIXATION
Hanaa H.A.Gomaa
1
M.M Hazaa
2
Kh.A El-Dougdoug
3
M.H Abdel-Ghaffar
4
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Banha, University, Qalubia, Egypt
Department of Agric. Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University Shobra El-Kheimia, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Agric. Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University Shobra El-Kheimia, Cairo, Egypt
Plant growth and root nodules of infected Faba bean plants with broad bean mottle virus were significantly reduced in plant height, leaf area, dry matter, number and size of nodules in comparison with healthy ones. As well Leghaemoglobin content and Nitrogenase activity were reduced in infected nodules at 45 days after BBMV inoculation. The amount of N2-fixed as expressed by acetylene reduction was reduced considerably by 38.8%. Nitrogen content as an indicator for the efficiency of N2-fixation was reduced in shoots, roots and root nodules of infected nodulated plants as compared with healthy nodulated ones. Differences between bacteroids in healthy and in BBMV infected cells were no longer apparent. These differences include: (i) a decrease in endocytotic and exocytotic vesiculation on the membrane envelope of the bacteriods and on plasma membrane of bacteroidal cells, (ii) a decrease in number of vesicles in the space between the bacteriod and the membrane envelope. The possible significance of these changes relative to the decreased efficiency of N2-fixation was discussed.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15283_c458acc050d985041423ec5a62adfecc.pdf
Faba bean plants
Rhizobia
Broad bean mottle virus
Leghaemoglobin
Nitrogenase
N2-fixation
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
59
70
10.21608/ajs.2006.15288
15288
Original Article
VARIATION OF THREE BLACK CUMIN CULTIVARS IN HERITABILITY; CHEMICAL AND ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY
Black cumin is one of the important medicinal plant and well known to flok remedy. Balady, Sori and Turki cultivars belong to black cumin are variated in chemical composition and antiviral activity. The results reflected significant heritability between the three cultivars in length and number of capsule per plant and number of branches per plant, while non-significant values of plant height, number of locules capsule, and seed yield per plant. Eight fatty acids methyl esters were detected in seeds of three cultivars by GLC. It was found change quantitatively of fatty acid between three cultivars. SDS-PAGA showed change qualitatively of poly peptides content accompanying three cultivars. A similarity of about 90% was found between Balady and Sori cultivars in relation to heritability. Water seed extracts, in vitro reduced ToMV infectivity to 6.73; 6.78 and 5.08% of Balady, Sori and Turki respectively. Four hours post and pre ToMV inoculation were most sensitive period to ToMV replication for three cultivars. On the other hand, the antiviral event changed in conformation and chemical structure of virion, coat protein and nucleic acid of ToMV with black cumin seed extract by spectroscopy. Balady, Sori and Turki; black cumin cultivars were varieted based on heritiability, chemical composition according to fatty acid GLC and polypeptide fraction SDS-PAGE analysis as well as antiviral activities against tomato mosaic tobamovirus.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15288_5b439419d0fff810b932410d20221363.pdf
black cumin
fatty acids
Polypeptide fraction
SDS-PAGE
Antiviral
Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV)
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
71
85
10.21608/ajs.2006.15290
15290
Original Article
SCREENING OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITIES OF SOME ACTINOMYCETES ISOLATED FROM CONSTRUCTED WETLAND SYSTEM
A total of 174 actinomycete cultures were isolated from a constructed biological water treatment system (BIOWATSYST)established at Abu Attwa station in Ismailia city, Egypt and funded by the European Commission Grant No.IC18-CT97-0163. The isolates were identified to belong to eight genera; Nocardia, Streptomyces, Intrasporangium, Micromonospora, Nocardioides, Actinomadura, Nocardiopsis, and Thermomonospora. They were screened for their antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities against certain human and plant pathogens. Antimicrobial activities were determined by measuring bacterial and fungal growth inhibitions while cytotoxic activity was studied by using the Artemia salina bioassay. Thirty two percent of isolated cultures displayed antibacterial activity, 15% displayed antifungal activity and 9% displayed cytotoxic activity. Members of genus Streptomyces has recorded as the most frequent active isolates against tested bacteria (42%) and fungi (49%). However, the most cytotoxic activity was found with members of genus Nocardia (46%). Results evaluated the fact that actinomycetes isolated from such systems could be considered as promising source for antimicrobial and cytotoxic bioactive agents.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15290_cfe101a1ea50ac12e981196e55c1aec8.pdf
Actinomycetes
Antibacterial
Antifungal
Cytotoxicity
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
87
103
10.21608/ajs.2006.15308
15308
Original Article
NUMERICAL STUDY ON SOME ACTINOMYCETES ISOLATED FROM BURULLOS LAKE IN EGYPT
Twenty nine actinomycetes isolates were isolated from Burullos Lake and characterized taxonomically for 62 phenotypic traits including morphological; biochemical, nutritional, substrate utilization and anti-microbial activities. The results were analyzed by numerical techniques using the simple matching coefficient (SSM) and UPGMA clustering. At 54% similarity level, the majority of the isolates were grouped into six phena (A, B, C, D, E and F). Only two isolates were grouped separately and formed two single clusters at the same level of similarity. A representative isolate from each phenon was identified. The isolates were found to be Streptoverticillum morookaense, Nocardia brasiliensis, Streptomyces alanosinicus, Streptomyces globosus and Streptomyces gancidicus
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15308_f08e05a89ce7a868ff97e7da19f2bf15.pdf
Burullos Lake
Actinobacteria
Numerical taxonomy
Fresh water habi-tats
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
105
119
10.21608/ajs.2006.15314
15314
Original Article
STUDIES ON BACTERIAL POLLUTION IN LAKE MANZALA
D.S. Ghaleb ; Abduljalil
1
A. Thabet Jamil
2
F.A Mansour
3
A Ismail
4
M.M . Zaky
5
M.I. Abou-Dobara
6
Dept. Food Sci., & Tech., Faculty of Agric. Sana’a University, Repndlic of Yemen
- Dept. Research and Product Development, YCIC,Taiz, Republic of Yemen
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Suez Canal University, Port Said, Egypt
Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Suez Canal University, Port Said, Egypt
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Damietta, Egypt
Lake Manzala in Egypt have shown great changes in water properties including pH (7.4 to 8.4), total suspended solids (19 to 350 mg/l), total dissolved salts (1578 to 33480 mg/l), dissolved oxygen (2.25 to 8.45 mg/l), ammonia (0.00 to 44.8 mg/l) and nitrate (0.00 to 8.96 mg/l). In addition there has been quite high bacterial density in water and fish of the lake, including total viable bacterial counts and indicator organisms such as total coliforms, faecal coliforms and some other organisms such as Aeromonas spp., Vibrio spp. and Staphylococcus spp. However, the magnitude number of bacteria in water and fish was found to vary sometimes considerably and sometimes slightly depending on the site of sampling. Our results herein showed that LakeManzala is highly contaminated.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15314_7d56b7f8108baced34077ec0dfd24e2e.pdf
bacterial pollution
Lake Manzala
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
121
132
10.21608/ajs.2006.15318
15318
Original Article
SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF VOLATILE OILS AND ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST SOME GRAM POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE PATHOGENIC BACTERIA
M.F. Ghaly
1
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt
Eight most currently used antibiotics were examined for their antibacterial properties against Gram-ve bacteria as Pseudomonas aeuroginosa, E. coli, Proteus vulgari and Gram+ve as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumonia. Nitrofurantoin was the most effective against the tested bacteria, the inhibition zones ranged between 16-20mm and the MIC between 65-85ug/ml followed by ampicillin (11-18mm), ciprofloxacin (9-12mm) and gentamicin (6-9mm). The erythromycin was the lowest effective against the tested bacteria. Also, seven volatile oils were applied by contact and fumigation methods to study their effect on the tested bacterial strains. The fumigation method gave the highest inhibitory effect more than contact method and the thyme oil gave maximum inhibitory action (inhibition zone 20-28mm) against all the tested bacteria, and the MIC ranged between 0.1-0.15mg/ml followed by marjoram oil (19-25mm) and the MIC between 0.1-0.2mg/ml, cinnamon oil (12-16mm) and the MIC between 0.2-0.3mg/ml. Anise and chamomile oils did not gave any response against all the tested bacteria. The combination between thyme and other tested oils gave a synergistic effect for inhibitory action against all the tested bacteria, if compared with thyme oil alone. The combination between thyme and marjoram oil gave the maximum inhibition zones (20-29mm), followed by thyme with cinnamon oil (20-27mm), thyme with geranium gave (18-27mm), thyme with peppermint (17-27mm), thyme with chamomile (16-27mm) and thyme with anise oil (15-26mm). The combination of thyme oil with different tested antibiotics gave the lowest inhibitory effect than combination between thyme and other volatile oils against all the tested bacteria. The protein and DNA content of treated bacteria with thyme oil were increased by 38.46-47.37% and 34.26-46.94% respectivily, if compared by non-treated bacteria
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15318_a6deb219e33f794e5323099866308e08.pdf
Pseudomonas aeuroginosa
E. coli
Proteus vulgaris
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pneumonia
antibiotics
plant extract
Volatile oils
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
133
145
10.21608/ajs.2006.15364
15364
Original Article
NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION IN SURGICAL HOSPITAL IN ZAGAZIG UNIVERSITY
E.Y Tohamy
1
A.A Shaheen
2
Samah F. El-Awadi
3
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Surgical site infection (SSI) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients. A total of 254 bacterial isolates were collected from 303 surgical specimens which were isolated from 92 males (53.2%) and 81 females (46.8%), their mean ages were 39.6±16.05 years (ranged from 1 month to 74 years). These isolates were identified as Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonasaeruginosa and commensal Gram+ve and Gram-ve bacteria. The most effective antibiotics were imipenem while ampicillin and penicillin G (First and second generation of b-Lactam) showed much lower activity against all types of bacterial strains. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of imipenem determined by E-test were 0.047- 0.064 , 0.125, 0.19, 0.25 and 0.75mg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiellapneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa respectively.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15364_0e3c9a121d9d38a23fd7b4b8b7337507.pdf
Imipenem
Antibiotic Susceptibility
Multi-drug resistance
risk factors
Nosocomial infection
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
147
172
10.21608/ajs.2006.15365
15365
Original Article
HEAVY METAL BIOSORPTION BY SOME BACTERIAL SPECIES ISOLATED FROM DRINKING WATER AT DIFFERENT SITES IN SHARQIA GOVERNORATE
Eman Y. Tohamy
1
Azza A. Abou-Zeid
2
M.M . Hazaa
3
Reham A. Hassan
4
1- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt.
1- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt.
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Banha University, Egypt.
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Banha University, Egypt.
The nine most frequent bacterial strains out of 127 were isolated form ten drinking water samples collected from tap water and bottled water in sharqia governorate. The nine isolates were purified and examined for their resistance to increasing concentrations of two heavy metal ions, lead (Pb+2) and iron (Fe+3). Four stains out of the nine isolates encoded I, II, IV, and VIII showed the highest efficiency of both Pb+2 and Fe +3 uptake from nutrient broth media containing 100 ppm of the heavy metal ions. The four bacteria were preliminary identified and then confirmed by the Biolog examination as Corynebacterium jeikeium, Pseudomonas putida biotype A, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Acidovorax delafieldii. The increased concentrations of Pb+2 ions (from 100 to 500 ppm) in nutrient broth media had deleterious effect on the process of heavy metal uptake (biosorption) by all the four selected isolates. Whereas percentage of Pb+2 uptake decreased from 42.9 to 24%; from 72.6 to 42%, from 78.9 to 37% and from 68.8 to 45%, for the four selected isolates, respectively. Meanwhile there was slight decrease change in Fe+3 uptakes percentage accompanying the increase in heavy metal ion concentration. Optimization of the cultural conditions releaved maximum uptake op pb+2 and Fe+3 by the four tested strains in presence of 100 ppm heavy metal concentration when incubated at 25oC except for Acinetobacter calcoaceticus at 35oC in case of Pb+2 uptake, when pH, was adjusted at 5 under static conditions. Upon addition of 50 ppm Cu+2 ions to broth media supplemented with 100 ppm Pb+2 ions, the percentage of metal biosorption by the four tested isolated decreased between 41.11% and 48.45% according to type of strain. Similarly presence of Cu+2 ions caused decrease in Fe+2 uptake by the four isolates ranging between 29.14-45.1%. Percentage of Pb+2 ions uptake by the tested bacteria sharply decreased when a sterile tap water sample was used as natural medium for cell-metal contact. The percentage of uptake inhibition of Pb+2 ranged between 57-65.23% and between 75.1-84.27% for Fe+3 ions. Cell hydrolysate of three tested bacteria appeared to be free from plasmid DNA proving that the genetic character of heavy metal resistance is plasmidless and related to chromosmal DNA in
case of Cory. jeikeium, P. putida and A. delafieldii. On the other hand, Acinet. Calcoaceticus contained plasmid of size 23.130 kb. Examining Acientobacter calcoaceticus using transmission electron microscope revealed the accumulation of Pb+2 ions on bacterial cell surface and the intracellular absorption of Fe+3 ions.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15365_d69efd44a3470e8295aa4c5a69596f46.pdf
pollution
heavy metals uptake
Biosorption
Heavy metal accumula-tion
Plasmid and chromosomal DNA
Transmission electron micro-scope
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
173
193
10.21608/ajs.2006.15366
15366
Original Article
EFFECT OF TILLAGE TREATMENTS AND INTERCROPPING PATTERNS ON WATER USE EFFICIENCY AND YEILD COMPONENTS OF SOYBEAN AND MAIZE
Sahar Sherif
1
Wafae Kh. Mohamed
2
Sahar T. Ibrahim
3
H.E . Osman
4
S.I El-Khatib
5
Field Crops Res. Inst. A.R.C., Giza, Egypt.
Field Crops Res. Inst. A.R.C., Giza, Egypt.
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., A.R.C., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., A.R.C., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., A.R.C., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Two field experiments were performed at Sids Agriculture Farm Research Station, Bani Swif Governorate during 2003 and 2004 seasons, to study the suitability of different tillage treatments, i.e. chisel plough two and three passes at 10, 15 and 20cm depths and intercropping patterns of maize and soybean i.e. two ridges of maize : two ridges of soybean (2:2) and two ridges of maize : four ridges of soybean (2:4) on water consumption, growth characters, yield and quality of maize (cv. T.W.C. 310) intercropped with soybean (cv. Clark). The results indicated that using chisel plough 3 passes decreased the value of mean weight diameter (M.W.D) by 33.00%, 27.92% and 31.87% as compared when using chisel plough 2 passes for 10, 15 and 20cm depths respectively. On other hand, yield and quality of maize, as well as, yield and quality of soybean were significantly increased by using tillage with chisel plough 3 passes. Both yield of maize and soybean per feddan. in pure stand were always higher than those within any intercrop combination, these results were true in both seasons. The data also revealed that maize yield in (2:2) pattern and using chisel plough 3 passes at 15cm depth gave the highest yield whereas, the highest yield of soybean per feddan was obtained when soybean plants grown in (2:4) pattern with 3 passes of chisel plough at15cm depth. On other hand the highest values of water use efficiency (W.U.E) in the two seasons were recorded when (2:4) pattern was applied and using chisel plough 3 passes at15cm depth The highest values of land equivalent ratio (LER) in the two seasons were 1.54 and 1.53 respectively when (2:4 ) pattern was applied.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15366_662d6969db565edbcbb0eaef9ae98773.pdf
Intercropping patterns
Tillage systems
Maize
Soybean
Water ap-plied
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
195
203
10.21608/ajs.2006.15367
15367
Original Article
EFFECT OF NITROGENOUS AND PHOSPHATIC FERTILIZERS ON PERFORMANCE OF RAINFED PEARL MILLET (PENNISETUM GLAUCUM L.) GROWN ON CLAY LOAM SOIL
A.M.A Eltilib
1
T.E.M Hago
2
A.H Awad Elkarim
3
S.A.M Ali
4
Department of Soils & Environment Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat 13314, Sudan
Department of Soils & Environment Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat 13314, Sudan
Department of Soils & Environment Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat 13314, Sudan
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zalingie, Western Darfour State, Sudan
An experiment was conducted for two summer seasons (2000 and 2001) to study the effect of nitrogenous and phosphatic fertilizers on performance of rainfed pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) grown on clay loam soil at University of Zalingei site, Western Darfour states, Sudan. The experimental design used was spilt-plot design with five replications. Four nitrogen treatments (0, 30, 60 and 80 kg N/ha) and four phosphorus treatments (0, 15, 30 and 60 kg P/ha) were used. Nitrogen treatments were assigned to the main plots and phosphorus levels were allotted to the sub-plots. Urea (46% N) and triple superphosphate (48% P2O5) were used as sources of nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively. Phosphorus treatments were applied at sowing, whereas nitrogen fertilizer was split into two equal doses, one was added four days after emergence and the second was three weeks after sowing. Results of the experiments showed that application of nitrogen increased the plant height over the control. The increments were in range of 5.7% - 16.1%. Leaf area index (LAI), grain and stover yields were significantly affected by nitrogen application. The increments over control were in the range of 39% - 92.3%, 10.1% - 112.7% and 34.1% - 126.9% for LAI, grain yield and stover yield, respectively. Regarding phosphorus, the results revealed that phosphorus addition had a significant effect on plant height, LAI, grain and stover yields. The increments over control ranged from 2.4% - 11.3%, 6.3% - 17.9%, 6.7% - 24.6% and 6.8% - 35.4% for plant height, LAI, grain and stover yields, respectively. The interaction between nitrogen and phosphorus had a significant effect only on LAI and plant height at the sixth week measurement in the first and second seasons, respectively. The tallest plants were obtained from 3N × 3P treatment whereas the greatest LAI was obtained by 3N × 2P treatment
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15367_831d1e09bf5a5e60707465891b85daee.pdf
Phosphatic fertilizers
Pearl millet
plant height
leaf area index
Grain yield
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
205
212
10.21608/ajs.2006.15457
15457
Original Article
POTENTIAL FORAGE YIELD OF CANARY GRASS (PHALARIS CANARIENSIS L.) IN RELATION TO BIOFERTIL-IZER AND SOME MICRONUTRIENTS UNDER RECLAIMED SOIL CONDITIONS
A.A. El-Houssini
1
Range Management Unit, Desert Research Center, Matariya, Cairo, Egypt
This investigation has been performed in Mariout Research Station, Desert Research Center (D.R.C.) throughout two successive growing seasons of 2002 / 2003 and 2003 / 2004. Canary grass plants were raised under 9 treatments which were the combinations of 3 biofertilizer sources i.e. Azotobacter, Azospirillum and uninoculated control and 3 micronutrients i.e. 2% FeSo4, 1% MnSO4 and control. The treatments were arranged in split-plot design with three replications.
The important results obtained can be summarized as follows:
1- Maximum values of all growth parameters tested of canary grass plants were obtained when seeds were inoculated with Azotobacter compared to inoculation with Azospirillum or uninoculated control. Fresh and dry forage yields followed the same trend of growth parameters in their response to the different biofertilizer resources.
2- All growth and forage yield traits of canary grass plants were increased when the plants were sprayed with 2% FeSo4 compared to spraying with 1% MnSo4 or control treatment.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15457_6c14f52205aaac88297a033b5936fa41.pdf
Canary grass
Phalaris canariensis
biofertilizers
Micronutrients
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
213
234
10.21608/ajs.2006.15459
15459
Original Article
PLANT GROWTH AND NUTRIENTS UPTAKE AS INFLU-ENCED BY APPLICATION OF FARMYARD MANURE AND SOME NATURAL MINERALS TO SANDY SOILS
Wafaa M.T. El-Etr
1
Gehan H. Youssef
2
Laila K.M. Ali
3
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Gi-za, Egypt
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Gi-za, Egypt
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Gi-za, Egypt
A field experiment was carried out for two seasons 2001 and 2002 at Ismailia Agric. Res. Station to study the comparative effect of farmyard manure (FYM) application, individually or in combination with natural minerals, as sources of micronutrients. Such effect was studied during successive growth stages of wheat (vegetative stage, flowering stage and harvest stage), as well as after maize harvesting, on plant growth, nutrients uptake and wheat - maize productivity. The experiment was designed in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Two levels of FYM (2 % and 3 %) and three natural minerals, i.e., magnetite (iron oxide, Mag.), basic slag (Bas.) and manganese dust (Md.) at three rates 0.02 %, 0.05 % and 0.07%, respectively. Obtained results revealed that, at vegetative stage, mineral fertilizers (MF) treatment positively affected the dry matter of both shoots and roots of wheat plants along with contents of nitrogen and potassium in both shoots and roots as well as shoot/root ratios. At flowering stage, obtained data showed that applied farmyard manure at the rate of 3 % (F2) significantly affected the dry matter of both shoots and roots as well as their contents of N, P and K. A similar trend was obtained for micronutrients uptake at the two indicated growth stages of wheat, which recorded high values when FYM, at a rate of 3 % (F2), was applied. On the other hand, obtained results indicated that applied FYM at the rate of 2 % (F1) with high rate (0.07 %) of each of the used natural minerals and FYM at the rate of 3 % (F2) in combination with the moderate rate (0.05 %) of such minerals recorded high values of all tested parameters. In addition, Basic slag (Bas.), generally, gave the highest values, over control, of dry matter content and macronutrients uptake during the studied two growth stages of wheat, (vegetative and flowering stages). The agronomic yield components of wheat (straw, grains and weight of 1000 grains) were increased when MF was applied; such significant increases were obtained in maize yield (residual effect) as a result of applied FYM individually or combined with natural minerals.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15459_fc880ea8795aef136dc9dd6674e5b34b.pdf
farmyard manure (FYM)
Natural minerals
Magnetite
Basic slag
Manganese dust
Macronutrients uptake
Micronutrients uptake
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
235
247
10.21608/ajs.2006.15461
15461
Original Article
PROLINE ACCUMULATION IN DURUM WHEAT (Triticum durum Desf) UNDER WATER DEFICIT
Chaib, Ghania
1
M. Benlaribi
2
1- Laboratory of Development and Valorization of Resources Phytogenetics, I.S.N. Faculty of Sciences, University of Constantine, Mentouri, Road Ain El-Bey, Con-stantine 25000, Algeria.
1- Laboratory of Development and Valorization of Resources Phytogenetics, I.S.N. Faculty of Sciences, University of Constantine, Mentouri, Road Ain El-Bey, Con-stantine 25000, Algeria.
Proline’s content was estimated in different organs of durum wheat; dry wheat seeds (caryopsis), seeds during germination, second and third leave’s level in different degrees of water alimentation: 75%, 50.0, 42.5, 35.0, 25.0 and 12.5% of the field capacity. Four genotypes of durum wheat Triticum durum DESF were studied from three different origins; Algeria, France and Mexico. Results showed that proline’s content was low in dry wheat and in seeds during germination, and increased by decrease of water supplies. This amino acid estimation during experimentation, allowed us to classify the studied genotypes into 3 main groups:
- Genotypes with high proline accumulation (Mexicali).
- Genotypes with low proline accumulation (Clairdoc).
- Two intermediate genotypes MBB and OZ.
These differences among genotypes can be exploited in parietal selection with relation towater deficit.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15461_3752d7e853c8c9f6206554243330945e.pdf
Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf)
Water deficit
Proline accumula-tion
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
249
264
10.21608/ajs.2006.15462
15462
Original Article
COMPARISON BIOCHEMICAL OF THE DESCENDANTS RESULTING FROM FIVE BACK CROSS-COUNTRY RACE GENERATIONS AND THEIR INHERITANCE OF DURUM WHEAT CROSSES
M. Barkat
1
1- Department of Nutrition and Agro-alimentary Technologies, Faculty of Science, University of Constantine, Algeria
This study was carried out to compare, on the basis of some biochemical nature, five generations of backcrossing resulting from six crosses between four varieties of durum wheat (M, W, S and P) as three crosses MxW, MxS, and PxW along with their reciprocals WxM, SxM, and WxP. A sufficient knowledge of the biochemical characteristics of the grain and their genetic transmissions, allows their use in selection. These characteristics can be used as criteria for selection of seeds for more judicious orientation. From the obtained results, a relative variability appeared at the various varieties and their descendants for the studied parameters (the weight of thousand grains, content of protein, moisture content, the volume of sedimentation and capacity of hydration of the gluten). Generally, the studied samples are relatively rich in proteins. The descendants of cross MxW have on average a significant volume of sedimentation, they can be used for wheat improving. For the moisture content, cross MxW records the greatest value with a more significant descendants BC5. With regard to the polymorphism of the glutenines, some bands were transmitted by the recurrent parent varieties used as female parents.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15462_855cac109eac15ac4a9a77adc1025154.pdf
Descendants back cross
durum wheat
Grain protein
Grain biochemi-cal characteristics and glutenines of wheat
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
265
280
10.21608/ajs.2006.15465
15465
Original Article
ESTIMATES OF GENETIC COMPONENTS, PREDICTION AND GENETIC CORRELATION IN WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM,L.) USING NORTH CAROLINA DESIGN III
Salama S.M
1
S.A . Awaad
2
Manal M. Salem
3
Central Laboratory for Design and Statistical Analysis Research, Agricultural Re-search Center, Giza, Egypt
Central Laboratory for Design and Statistical Analysis Research, Agricultural Re-search Center, Giza, Egypt
Central Laboratory for Design and Statistical Analysis Research, Agricultural Re-search Center, Giza, Egypt
North Carolina Design III was used to estimate gene effects in bread wheat crosses. Twelve Egyptian bread wheat genotypes i.e. Sakha 69, Sakha 8, Gemmeiza 1, Gemmeiza 3, Gemmeiza 7, Giza 160, , Giza 162, Giza 164, Giza 165, Sids 1, Sids 3 and Sids 4, each was crossed back to testers, high performing (Gemmeiza 9) and low performing parent (Sakha 92) during three winter successive seasons i.e. 2002/2003, 2003/2004 and 2004/2005, to study; heading date (days) plant height (cm), flag leaf length (cm) flag leaf width (cm), flag leaf area (cm)2, extrusion length (cm), number of spikelets/spike, spike grain weight (g.), number of spikes/plant, number of grains/spike, 1000-grain weight (g.) and grain yield/plant (g.) characters. Results indicated that epistasis played great role in the inheritance of all studied characters except number of spikes/plant. Additive(D)and dominance(H) genetic variances were significant in all studied characters except number of spikes/plant and number of grains/spike. The additive genetic variance was more than dominance for heading date, plant height, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, extrusion length, spike length and 1000- grain weight. The ratio of (H./D) 0.5 was less than one for these characters but for the remaining characters the dominance genetic variance was more than additive. The values of(F) indicated that dominance was unidirectional for flag leaf length and flag leaf area, whereas it was ambidirectional for the remaining characters Prediction results revealed that it could be possible to derive reasonable proportion of new recombinants which are falling out side parental range for heading date, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, spike length, number of spikelets/spike, number of spikes/plant, 1000- grain weight and grain yield/plant. Genetic correlation indicated that additive, dominance and epistasis gene effects controlling grain yield/plant and spike grain weight, number of spikes/plant, number of grains/spike, 1000- grain weight, were signifant, suggesting common genetic pool or pleiotropy. Thus, selection based on additive genetic correlation indicated that indirect selection via, spike grain weight, number of spikes/plant, number of grains/spike and 1000- grain weight would be effective and enhance its importance as selection criteria .
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15465_74dfc9e4f486c4296fd573d19439b180.pdf
Gene-effects
High performing and low performing
Heading date
Plant height (cm)
Flag leaf length and width (cm)
Flag leaf area (cm)2
Extrusion length (cm)
Number of spikelets/spike
Spike grain weight (g)
Number of spikes/plant
Number of grains/spike
1000-grain weight (g) and grain yield/plant (g) characters
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
281
287
10.21608/ajs.2006.15480
15480
Original Article
PHYSICAL AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF THE PROMISING EGYPTIAN LONG STAPLE COTTON CROSS (GIZA 89 X GIZA 86)
Nadia S. Abd El-Gawad
1
Cotton Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
A promising cotton inbred line characterized by high yielding ability, earliness in maturity and better fiber quality was developed via pedigree selection from the subsequent segregating generations of a cross between the two long-staple cvs.; Giza 89 and Giza 86 by the Cotton Breeding Section of the Cotton Research Institute. The purpose of this investigation aimed at assessment of the superiority of the physical and fine structural properties of the promising line derived from the cross (Giza 89 x Giza 86) over its parents. The results indicated that:
- The promising line surpassed its parents in upper half mean length, uniformity index, fiber strength, fiber elongation, micronaire value, maturity ratio, hair weight, dry fiber ribbon width, swollen fiber diameter, convolution number / cm., reversals number/ cm. and yarn strength.
- There were highly significant positive correlations between upper half mean length, uniformity index, convolution number/cm., fiber bundle strength and yarn strength.
- Highly significant negative correlations exhisted between dry fiber ribbon width, swollen fiber diameter, reversals number and bundle strength.
The promising line is now under propagation for growing as a commercial cultivar and would replace both parents in their growing areas.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15480_d3934458055a12a544d3b61aa8105d97.pdf
Cotton
Promising cross
Physical properties
structural properties
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
289
297
10.21608/ajs.2006.15481
15481
Original Article
PREPARING NEW BLENDS OF FRUIT JUICES TO MEET THE NEEDS OF THE POTENT ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS
Nagwa F. El-Sharouny
1
Food Tech. Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
New fruit juice blends which contain several potent antioxidants (carotenoides, ascorbic acid and selenium) in combination with other favorable aspects of flavor and color were tried. The trial included locally produced fruits such as Kaki, Papaya, Guava and Pomegranate. Five blends were prepared with different percentages of the prepared juices in trying to maximize the required nutrients such as carotenoides, ascorbic acid and other micro-nutrients. The best blend which had the highest content of ascorbic acid 45.73mg/100gm was blend No.(2) which contained 30% kaki, 30% papaya, 30% guava and 10% pomegranate whereas blend No.(4) (50% kaki, 30% papaya, 10% guava, and 10% pomegranate had the highest content of carotenoids (33.58 mg/100gm). Selenium content of different blends were almost always the same. Organoleptic scores revealed that the best consumer preference was for blends No. (2 and 4). As for main components of different blends a slight difference could be observed between percentages of sugars and titratable acidity.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15481_1d003bd0c04ddcf227ea7eb5c191f07d.pdf
Blend fruit juices
Antioxidant effects
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
299
316
10.21608/ajs.2006.15484
15484
Original Article
ANTIOXIDATIVE PROPERTIES AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT AROMATIC EXTRACTS OF MELISSA officinalis L
Shahinaz A.Helmy
1
Food Sci. & Technol. Dept., Faculty of Agric., Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
The present study was carried out to maintain aromatic extracts of Melissa using different techniques (water distillation, steam distillation and extraction with acetone). The volatile components of these extracts were identified. Likewise, the antioxidative properties and antimicrobial activity of these extracts were determined. Data confirmed that the yield percent of acetone oleoresin extract was higher than both of water distillation and steam distillation extracts. Moreover, fractionation of volatile components using GC/MS technique showed the ability of acetone to extract more components than that of other techniques. In addition to being more effective in extracting higher amounts of sesquiterpene and phenols fractions. Odor threshold level confirmed that the concentration up to 1000 ppm from either water distillation or steam distillation extracts could be mixed with sunflower oil without affecting its odor, while acetone oleoresin extract could be used at concentration up to 800 ppm. Likewise, the different aromatic extracts of melissa exhibited antioxidative properties on sunflower oil. However, acetone oleoresin was markedly superior to that of water distillation as well as steam distillation extracts as antioxidant agents. This could probably attributable to the high content of some active components such as phenolic compounds in the acetone oleoresin extract. Also, antioxidant synergistic effect was observed for a mixture of 200 ppm tested extracts and BHT at 100 ppm. However, a mixture includes acetone oleoresin extract was the most effective as an antioxidant on sunflower oil. In conformity with antimicrobial activity, all tested extracts exhibited antimicrobial activities, however acetone oleoresin extract appeared the most potential antimicrobial spectra.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15484_eedfd5ba4cf5a27903f0c23c052393b1.pdf
Melissa
essential oil
Oleoresin
Volatile components
antioxidant properties
antimicrobial activity
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
321
335
10.21608/ajs.2006.15486
15486
Original Article
EFFECT OF SOME SLOW RELEASE N FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH AND FRUITING OF TWO MANGO CVS; FIGRI KELAN AND KEITT
A.Y. Mohamed
1
Sanaa S. Ebeed
2
Tropical Fruit Dept.; Hort. Res. Instit.; Agric. Res. Center, Giza , Egypt
Tropical Fruit Dept.; Hort. Res. Instit.; Agric. Res. Center, Giza , Egypt
This study was conducted for comparing three slow release N fertilizers namely, sulphur-coated urea (SCU), phosphorus – coated urea (PCU) and Enciabene with the conventional fast release N fertilizer namely ammonium nitrate each at the recommended rate of N i.e., 1000 g N/tree/year for growth characters on the three growth flushes, percentages of leaf N, P and K in the Spring growth cycle, date of first bloom, number of panicles/tree, fruit retention %, yield as well as physical and chemical characters of fruits in two mango cvs Figri Kelan and Keitt during 2004 and 2005 seasons. Results showed that suppling the trees of both mango cvs with the three slow release N fertilizers were superior to the application of the fast one in improving shoot length, number of leaves / shoot and leaf area in the three growth cycles, percentages of leaf N, number of panicles / tree as well as physical and chemical properies of the fruits. The slow release N fertilizers slightly advanced first bloom date. Application of sulphur-coated urea (SCU), phosphorus-coated urea (PCU) and Enciabene (ENC) in a descending order, was very favorable in this connection. These results were true for both mango cvs. It is suggested to fertilize the trees of both mango cvs Figri Kelan and Keitt with N at 1000g/tree/year as sulphur-coated urea fertilizer (2.4 Kg/tree/year) for obtaining an economical yield with fairly good fruit quality
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15486_4b67c4d239b2e6365353be4b5d940a70.pdf
mango trees
fertilization
slow release
Growth
Friuting
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
337
347
10.21608/ajs.2006.15564
15564
Original Article
EFFECT OF SPRAYING MAGNESIUM, BORON, ASCORBIC ACID AND VITAMIN B COMPLEX ON YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF “CANINO” APRICOT
Elham Z.A. Daood
1
M.F.M Shahin
2
Pomology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Pomology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Canino apricot trees received four sprays of magnesium sulphate at 0.5%, 1.0% and 3.0%, boric acid at 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0%, ascorbic acid at 250, 500 and 1000 ppm, Vitamin B complex at 100, 200 and 400 ppm and a combination of the medium concentrations of each substrate were evaluated during 2004 and 2005 seasons. Single or combined application of magnesium, boron, ascorbic acid or vitamin B complex was favourable for improving leaf area, leaf mineral content (N, P, K and Mg), yield as well as physical and chemical properties of the fruits compared to untreated trees. The promotion effect was associated with increasing the applied concentrations. Using magnesium, born, ascorbic acid and vitamin B complex, in descending order was very effective in improving growth, nutritional status, fruit quantity and quality. Carrying out four sprays at starting growth, after blooming, after fruit setting and at three weeks later with a combination of 1.0% magnesium sulphate, 0.5% boric acid, 500ppm ascorbic acid and 200 p.p.m vitamin B complex suggested to be beneficial in improving growth, nutritional status, yield and fruit quality of “Canino” apricot.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15564_d90189e22e7c04baadb6f28a117a7705.pdf
Apricot
Boron
ascorbic acid
yield
Quality
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
349
363
10.21608/ajs.2006.15567
15567
Original Article
EFFECT OF SOME CHEMICAL MATERIAL AND GERMINATION MEDIA ON SEED GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF GRAFTED CASIMIROA TRANSPLANTS
Sanna S. Ebeed
1
Kh.A El-Rouby
2
A.A Zarad
3
Hort. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
Hort. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
Hort. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
This investigation was carried out in the plastic house of Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza during two consequent seasons (2002 – 2003) and (2003 – 2004). The study was aimed to enhance growth of Casimiroa rootstock seedlings to reach grafting size in a short time, beside defineding the suitable method of grafting. In this concern, results revealed that seed soaked in MgSO4 at 5 % for 15 min. and planted in media consists of peat and sand at 1 : 1, was increased seed germination percentage (92.1 and 94.8 %) and minimized the germination period (19.1 and 19.3 days), as compared with the other treatments. Thus it reached to the grafting size at a period of (179 and 180 days) in both seasons, respectively. However, Dormex (hydrogen cyanamide) treatment at 2% gave the highest root length (24.6 and 24.8 cm), and number of roots per plant (19.4 and 19.0). Results also showed that shield budding by using soft wood grafts, gave the highest percentage of success (69.2 and 72.4%), shortest period of bud / scion (23.0 and 24.0 days), highest values of scion length (26.5 and 25.7 cm) and highest leaf area (38.28 and 40.67 cm2). However, cleft grafting with softwood grafts increased average number of leaves per sprouted graft (6.0 and 6.6) and shoot scion diameter (0.6 and 0.5 cm). Generally, seeds treated with MgSO4 at 5% berfore sowing in media consists of peat and sand at 1 : 1 in volume, induced healthy and sizeable rootstocks in a short time. Moreover, grafting rootstocks by soft wood grafts was the best method.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15567_52be51e39960dbb832f05c5bb5e3474a.pdf
Casimiroa
Chemical materials
Germinatin media
seed germination
Growth of grfated casimiroa
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
365
377
10.21608/ajs.2006.15573
15573
Original Article
EVALUATION OF SOME MALE TYPES AS POLLINATORS FOR BARHI DATE PALM cv. GROWN IN EGYPT
A.H Al-Hamoudi
1
A.M. El-Hammady
2
I.M Desouky
3
A . Abdel-Hamid
4
Min. of Agric. & Fisheries, UAE
Dept. of Hort. , Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo Egypt
Dept. of Hort. , Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo Egypt
Dept. of Hort. , Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo Egypt
Four different date palm male types were chosen to evaluate which male could be recommended to use as a pollinator for Barhi date palm cv. grown in Egypt. Three male types namely Ghanamy, Fard and Boyr were grown in the Fruit Trees Experimental Station at Dibba, Fojaira, UAE, and the fourth male was an individual Sewy satellite seedling grown in Egypt. Number of spathe/palm; spathe weight, length, & width ; pollen grains weight / spathe ; average of strand length as well as pollen grains germination % were determined for each male date palm tree from each male type . Moreover, pollen grains from each male type were used as a pollinator to evaluate their effect on fruit set and fruit quality of Barhi date palm cv. This study was carried out during both 2004&2005 seasons. Data showed that both Ghanamy and Fard male type were superior in their morphological characters as compared with Boyr or Sewy satellite seedling male type. Boyr male type showed the lowest values of morphological characters. On the other hand, there were no great differences in pollen grains germination percentage. Moreover, the results clearly indicated that Ghanamy pollen recorded the highest significant fruit set percentage and bunch weight (Kg) in both seasons of study. While, Fard pollen produced the highest fruit weight (g), length, diameter, flesh weight& thickness and flesh %. Boyr and Sewy pollen showed the highest ratio of fruit length / diameter in both seasons. Data also revealed that dates that were picked from bunches pollinated with Fard pollen had the highest total soluble salts (T.S.S) value and the lowest tannins content.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15573_90b95b23d4c33978cd88579e44a70d73.pdf
date palm
Male types
fruit set
fruit quality
Barhi cv
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
381
394
10.21608/ajs.2006.15575
15575
Original Article
UTILIZATION OF COMBINING BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC TREATMENTS TO CONTROL BACTERIAL ANGULAR LEAF SPOT DISEASE OF CUCUMBER
Wafaa Abd El-Sayed, M.
1
E.A.M . Gado
2
N.Y. Abd El-Ghafar
3
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shobra, El-Khema, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shobra, El-Khema, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shobra, El-Khema, Cairo, Egypt.
Bacterial angular leaf spot disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans is an important foliage disease of cucumber, under protected cultivation system. The present work was planned to control the disease using bio-agents and abiotic agents alone or combining, under greenhouse and commercial plastic house conditions. Data obtained indicated that application of bio- and abiotic agents decreased severity of bacterial angular leaf spot disease of cucumber, compared with the control. Fluorescent Pseudomonads (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. fluorescens and P. putida isolates) were more effectiveness than isolate of Bacillus subtilis to reduce the disease severity, when they were applied as soil drench treatment. Application of abiotic agents as foliar treatment was more effective than as seed treatment to decrease the disease severity. Isolates of P. fluorescens or P. putida as bio-agents and salicylic acid or ethephone as abiotic agents were the most effective against the disease. Disease severity was significantly reduced by increasing rates of abiotic agents. However, interaction between bio-agents (P. fluorescens or P. putida isolates) as soil treatment and abiotic agents (salicylic acid or ethephone) as foliar treatment greatly decreased severity of bacterial angular leaf spot disease of cucumber, under greenhouse and commercial plastic house condition, compared with the control. Combination between P fluorescens isolate as soil treatment and salicylic acid as foliar treatment were the most effective against the disease
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15575_1dd4a97ef51c869257fc2089e3ccfa09.pdf
Bacterial angular leaf spot
Cucumber
Pseudomonads syringae pv. lachrymans
bio-agents
abiotic agents
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
395
409
10.21608/ajs.2006.15576
15576
Original Article
ROOT ROT DISEASE OF OLIVE TRANSPLANTS AND ITS BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
M.S. Mousa,
1
M.K. Ali
2
A.A. Mosa
3
I.S Elewa
4
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
Several nurseries of olives in Fayoum and Giza were surveyed for root rot incidence during early summer of 2003. In Fayoum, root rot incidence reached 53% while in Giza, disease incidence was 44%. Disease symptoms consist of partial wilting, leaves browning and twig dieback, which was associated with severe root rot and basal stem cankers and followed, in most cases, by plant decline and death. The most frequently isolated fungi from rotted roots were Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. moniliforme, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, Cylindrocarpon sp. and Alternaria alternata. Isolation frequency of different fungi varied among olive cultivars. Generally, Fusarium spp. were the most frequently isolated pathogens and Fusarium oxysporum was the most frequent (35.5%) on all cultivars followed by F. solani (19.3%) R. solani (16.1%). Meanwhile, S. rolfsii, F. moniliforme, Cylindrocarpon sp. and A. alternata occurred at lowfrequencies. Pathogenicity tests showed that all tested isolates caused varied degrees of root rot symptoms on olive transplants, cvs. Manzanillo and Picual. Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani and R. solani caused the highest root rot incidence and severity on both cultivars. There was a positive correlation between disease severity on roots and severity of foliar symptoms. All evaluated olive cultivars were susceptible or extremely susceptible to fungal pathogens. All cultivars showed high disease severity with root rots, especially in response to infection by F. solani, F. oxysporum and S. rolfsii. However, the least foliar symptoms were recorded on cultivar Coratina. Application of two commercial biological control products (Rhizo-Plus and Trichoderma 2000) to soil, 24h before planting olive cuttings in the nursery, significantly reduced incidence of root rot on transplants of cultivars Manzanillo and Picual, up to 28 weeks after planting
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15576_eb9a08cbd703191b7fb68bb5012b1f48.pdf
olive
Root rot
Fungal pathogens
biological control
Rhizo-Plus
Trichoderma 2000
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
411
423
10.21608/ajs.2006.15577
15577
Original Article
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA AND RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI ON SOYBEAN BY FORMULATION OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS AND TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM
M.E Mahdy
1
E.Z Khalifa
2
Rania Z. El-Shennawy
3
Department of Agriculture Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Agriculture Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Preparationof either Bacillus thuringiensis or Trichoderma harzianum were used as seed coating or soil application for management of root-knot and root rot disease complex caused by the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica and the fungus Rhizoctonia solani on soybean plants. Number of galls, root galling, egg masses and disease severity were reduced sharply on plants treated with both biocontrol agents, either as seed or soil application compared with non-treated plants. Soil application with both biocontrol agents was the best method in reducing nematode and fungus disease severity. Plant growth parameters i.e. fresh shoot and root weight, dry weight and number of pods and bacterial nodules were markedly increased with all treatments of biocontrol agent either with seed or soil treatment compared to plants grown in infested soil with either pathogens alone or combined. Results show that plant survival was more affected when R. solani was alone or combined with M. javanica. Seed coating was considered the effective method in increasing survival plants. The biochemical analysis of treated plants with both biocontrol agents were affected compared to non-treated plants grown in pathogen infested soil. The biochemical parameters i.e. chlorophyll A and B, carotein, phenols and amino acids were enhanced in bioagent treated plants compared to non-treated plants
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15577_8ed2bff5225f7e75865f2c324236e011.pdf
biological control
Trichoderma harzianum
Bacillus thuringiensis
formulation
Meloidogyne javanica
Rhizoctonia solani
Soybean
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
427
438
10.21608/ajs.2006.15578
15578
Original Article
EFFECT OF VITAMIN ADDITIVE AND COLONY MAN-AGEMENT ON HONEY BEE PERFORMANCE
A.M. Elbassiouny
1
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
The effect of both beekeeping processes (compressed bees Cb and traditional beekeeping Tb) and food diets (vitamins mixed with pollen grains, pollen grains only and plain sugar syrup) on the colony build up were studied during February – April, 2004, at the apiary belonging to Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University. Feeding colonies with supplementary vitamins plus pollen grains resulted after four brood cycles significantly high daily rates of rearing brood (523 and 434 brood cells for Cb and Tb, respectively) and drawing combs (4.31 and 1.61 combs for Cb and Tb, respectively) compared to either unique pollen grains (432 and 338 brood cells and 3.2 and 1.19 combs for Cb and Tb, respectively) or plain sugar syrup (313 and 219 brood cells and 2.1 and 0.79 combs for Cb and Tb, respectively). On the other hand, the worker’s longevity recorded vice versa which were 21.2 26.2, 23.8 days for colonies fed on vitamins plus pollen grains, pollen grains and sugar syrup, respectively. The colonies which fed on vitamins plus pollen grains, pollen grains and plain sugar syrup, their workers were hoarded 236, 220 and 191 mg of sugar syrup / 3 days, respectively.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15578_cc5b06271693dc8ef141ed90e54c19f6.pdf
Honey bee
Apis mellifera
vitamins
Pollen
Drawing combs
brood
Hoarding - Longevity
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
439
445
10.21608/ajs.2006.15579
15579
Original Article
LARVAL PARASITOIDS OF THE POTATO TUBER MOTH Phthorimaea operculella IN POTATO AND TOMATO FIELDS
M.S.T Abbas
1
Salwa S.M. Abdel-Samad
2
Plant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Plant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Larval parasitoids of the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella Zell. were surveyed in potato and tomato fields in Menofyia Governorate in 2003. Three species were found to attack P. operculella larvae infesting potato plants; the endoparasitoids, Apanteles litae var. operculellae Nixon and Diadegma molliplum Hlmgrn. and the ectoparasitoid, Bracon instabilis Marshal. Meanwhile, only B.instabilis was found to attack the larvae infesting tomato leaves. Percentages of parasitism in potato fields averaged 10.8, 5.6 and2.6 % by B.instabilis, A.litae and D.molliplum, respectively. The total percentages of parasitism by the three species ranged from 11.0 to 28.6 % with an average of 19.1 % in potato field, while it ranged in tomato fields from 0.0 to 21.4 % with an average of 11.1 % by B. instabilis
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15579_fc3704376b509f37a88807f44acf16c5.pdf
Potato tuber moth
Phthorimaea operculella
Parasitoids
Tomato
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
447
456
10.21608/ajs.2006.15580
15580
Original Article
CERTAIN BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS, THRESHOLD OF DEVELOPMENT AND THERMAL UNITS FOR HYMENIA recurvalis (FAB.), (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALLIDAE)
Seham S.M. El-Gendi
1
F.F.M . Mostafa
2
F.A.E . Aly
3
S.H.A Hussein
4
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fay-oum, Egypt
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fay-oum, Egypt
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Cairo
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Cairo
Biological studies on the Hawaiian beet webworm, Hymenia recurvalis were carried out under laboratory conditions of 18.6 ± 2°C and 70 ± 5% R. H. The incubation period ranged between 5 and 7 days with a mean of 6.0 ± 0.3 days. The mean durations of larval, prepupal and pupal stages were 26.29 ± 0.3, 5.04 ± 0.08 and 16.86 ± 0.18 days, respectively. Mean adult longevities were 28.42 ± 1.80 and 26.08 ± 1.83 days, ranging between 19-41 and 15-37 days for female and male, respectively. The sex ratio was about 1 : 1.3 (♀ : ♂ ). Accumulative thermal units needed for certain biological features of H. recuurvalis were calculated and the estimated thermal thresholds were 10.97, 12.14, 10.49 and 13.55°C for egg, larval, pre – pupal and pupal stages, respectively. The corresponding values for the thermal units needed for development of these stages were 51.49, 168.47, 47.88 and 102.59 day degree at 25°C for the respective stages.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15580_5a89c8aba9cde4da4cd55da4117d1b17.pdf
biology
Hawaiian beet webworm
Threshold of development
thermal units
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
475
490
10.21608/ajs.2006.15581
15581
Original Article
MITE FAUNA ASSOCIATED WITH SOME DOMESTIC AND WILD AGRICULTURAL ANIMALS AND THEIR HABITAT IN EGYPT
A.E.A Mahgoob
1
M. E . Tharwat
2
Samia . O. Kilany
3
T.S . Hafez
4
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
Random samples were collected from Giza Qualubyia and Minufyia Governorates during summer, autumn and winter 2001. The collected samples were litter, poultry food and feather from chickens, ducks, pekeeny ducks, geese, rabbits (as a domestic animals) and quails, rozella birds, zebra birds and kockteel birds (as a wild animals which were in captivity). Mites belonging to twenty-seven families of four suborders; viz., Gamasida, Actinedida, Acaridida and Oribatida plus the hypopal stage of family Acaridae, were collected. Out of 27 families, 24, 14 and 11 were found in Qaliobia, Giza and Minufyia Governorates, respectively. However, number of mites, percentage of occurrence and dominance differentiated families in and between localities. Number of mites during autumn season was the highest representing 21 families followed by summer then winter. Hypopal stage represented about 20% of mite population in autumn season while no hypopal stage in summer but nil in winter. Litter harbored mites of all 27 families and hypopal stage which was not found in feather and food. The percentage of mites and hypopal stage was 89.39% in litter, followed by feather (9.51%) then food (1.1%). Only 6 and 5 families were found in food and feather respectively. Feather of Pekeeny ducks harbored 49.5% of mites while chicken’s feather harbored 42.6%. The percentage of mites in leftover food was 89% while it was 11% in food before feeding. The most common mite families in this study were Acaridae, Glycyphagidae Pyroglyphidae, Cheyletidae, Ascidae and Dermanyssidae. Declaration of the role of the animals under investigation and their habitat as a source of stored product mites also the dominance of occurrence of the recorded mite families were discussed in details
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15581_41e1fdbef8ac929c8fba0e576852dbf5.pdf
Litter
chicken
Ducks
Rabbits
wild birds
Actinedida
Acaridida
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
491
507
10.21608/ajs.2006.15582
15582
Original Article
SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SOME MANGO VARIETIES TO THE BUD MITE ERIOPHYES MANGIFERAE (SAYED) AND MAL-FORMATION DISEASE AND THE RELATION OF MITE INFESTATION TO MALFORMATION DISEASE
A.E.A. Mahgoob
1
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
In field study, Eleven mango varieties, (Mangiferae indica L.) at Sharkia, Ismailia, and Fayoum Governorates, were examined to estimate the population fluctuation of the bud mite Eriophyes mangiferae Sayed, their susceptibility to mite infestation, the relation between the mite infestation and chemical contents of mango buds and the correlation between the bud mite and malformation disease. The highest population occurred during Sept. to Jan. or Feb. and the lowest population was existed during Mar. to Jun. Temperature and relative humidity had no significant effect on the mite population. The highest level of mite infestation was recorded at Sharkia followed by Fayoum and Ismailia Governorates. Mango varieties were differed in their susceptibility to E. mangiferae infestation. Zebda, Taimour, Ewais and Arnaba were the most susceptible varieties, while Mabrouka, Company, Excellent Succari and White Succari were the least susceptible ones. On the other hand Mesk, Geolck and Alphonse varieties showed moderate susceptibility to mite infestation. Buds of some high susceptible varieties possessed a lower values of total carbohydrates and total soluble sugars than some moderate or susceptible varieties to mite infestation. Phenol contents recorded a higher levels in the most of susceptible varieties while a lower levels were found in the most of moderate and low susceptible varieties. The total soluble proteins and amino acids recorded a higher values in some susceptible varieties. The susceptible characteristic was positively correlated with total soluble proteins and amino acids while negatively correlated with the total carbohydrates and total soluble sugars. However the phenol content showed no clear trend. Obtained results also revealed that mango varieties had varying degrees of floral malformation, Company, Alphonse and Geolck were the most susceptible varieties, while Zebda var. was the most resistant one. Statistical analysis showed a negative correlation between the eriophid bud mite and the incidence of malformation disease. Zebda var. harboured the highest number of mites but exhibited the lowest percentages of malformation, whereas the opposite trend was observed with company var
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15582_097b0a04704ee6dfa1dc769f8bce0ce3.pdf
Mango
Eriophyid
Eriophyes mangiferae
Chemical composition
Plant resistance
Malformation
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
509
529
10.21608/ajs.2006.15583
15583
Original Article
SURVEY OF MITES ASSOCIATED WITH GRAIN RESIDUES AND MIXED FLOUR IN WAREHOUSES AND MILLS IN GREAT CAIRO
A.E.A Mahgoob
1
A.I. Badawy
2
I.M Badoor
3
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
Twenty one mite species belonging to 3 suborders and 11 families were found in grain residues and mixed flour samples collected from warehouses and mills at Great Cairo. They were 12 pest species, 7 predatory and 2 parasitic species. Species commonly found in all inspected materials at all locations were Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes, Tyrophagous putrescentiae (Sch.) and Cheyletus malaccensis Oud. However Acrus siro (Lin), Acarophenax tribolii (New.) and Pyemotes herfsi (Oud.) were often abundant. The remaining species occurred sporadically in the collected materials. Actinedid and acaridid mites were “dominant” and “constant” in mixed flour and grain residues samples, the second group was the most abundant. Whereas gamasid mites was “recedent” and “accidental”. Mixed flour taken from Qaliobia Governorate harboured the highest number of mite species (15 species) followed by grain residues from Giza Governorate (13 species). While grain residues taken from Cairo Governorate harboured the lowest number (5 species).The highest infestation level with mites (2677.3 individuals) was recorded in mixed flour at Qaliobia Governorate, while the lowest one (1067 individuals) was found in grain residues at Cairo Governorate. Generally, mixed flour harboured more mite species than grain residues. Most of the collected mite species occurred during autumn and winter except P. herfsi and A. tribolii which were recorded during spring and summer, respectively. Dominance and frequency of occurrence, population fluctuations, effect of temperature and relative humidity on the population dynamics, also the relation between the predators and pests of mites were discussed in details.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15583_a841976b9551f7307b0bbf6bf2189435.pdf
Stored products
Warehouses mills
Actinedid
Acaridid
Cheyletus
Dermatofagoides
Dominance
population fluctuation
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2006-03-01
14
1
457
474
10.21608/ajs.2006.15619
15619
Original Article
SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY OF MANCOZEB FUNGICIDE ON MALE WISTAR RATS: ULTRASTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF LIVER AND KIDNEY
Madiha M. Talha
1
Kenawy M.
2
Salwa M. Abd-Allah
3
Mammalian Toxicology Dept., Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, ARC, Alexandria, Egypt
Mammalian Toxicology Dept., Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, ARC, Alexandria, Egypt
Mammalian Toxicology Dept., Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, ARC, Alexandria, Egypt
Dithiocarbamate mancozeb, an organometallic fungicide, was administered orally to male Wistar rats in two forms, pure technical 85% and formulated 80% WP, at sublethal doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg b.w. for 28 days. Clinical chemical endpoints were measured after 2, 3, and 4 weeks of treatment initiation. Data disclosed that both compound formulations affected significantly serum enzyme activities particularly liver enzymes in a dose and time-dependent manner, compared with control. Such changes were accompanied with significant alterations in other parameters like; total protein, albumin, glucose, total lipids, triglycerides, cholestrol, urea, and creatinine. Furthermore, histological examination of liver and kidney showed several histopathogenic ubnormalities in the examined tissues of rats exposed to mancozeb either technical or formulated.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15619_3883051f1231562b761c8f288575950d.pdf
fungicides
Formulations
toxicity
Liver
kidney