eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2010-09-01
18
2
239
246
10.21608/ajs.2010.14629
14629
Original Article
EVALUATION OF SOME YEMENI GRAPE CULTIVARS ACCORDING TO THEIR PROPAGATION, AND FRUIT MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
, F.A Al-Shawish
1
Agricultural Department, Agriculture & Veterinary College, Thamar University, Yemen
Study was conducted during 2008 - 2009 on five local grape cultivars: Gubery, Assemy, Aswed, Razeqi and Bayadh at the faculty of Agriculture–ThamarUniversity . Cultivars were collected from Rawdha and Bany Husheish area – Sana'a Governorate. Morphological and physical characters of berry were determined and the chemical analysis for juice was also assessed. Finally, cuttings were taken from all cultivars and cultivated at the nurs- ery. Data were collected and analyzed by SAS system according to the least significant difference at the probability level of 0.05 and the results showed that: Assemy cultivar gave the maximum value of berry weight of 8.5 g, whereas the lowest rate was for Razeqi cv. of 1.2 g. According to berry dimensions, berry length ranged between 1.6 - 2.6 cm and berry width 1.35-2.43 cm. Razeqi cv. gave the highest content of T.S.S (24.5%), whereas Gubery cv. contained the lowest value of 20.37%. pH value was between 3.98–4.77 and organic acids were between 0.35 -0.80%. Aswed cv. gave the highest rate of rooting percentage of 58% meanwhile, the lowest rate was found in the Razeqi cv. (6.75%).
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14629_f8568969aa18bc9aac3aa9ed5443e436.pdf
Al-Shawish1
F.A. 1- Agricultural Department
Agriculture & Veterinary College
Thamar University
Yemen
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2010-09-01
18
2
249
259
10.21608/ajs.2010.14631
14631
Original Article
FORMULATION OF LAYERS RATIONS WITH SPREADSHEET SOFTWARE EXCEL
Khuleel Rafh Mohammed Taher
1
Animal Resources Dept., Agriculture College, Mosul University, Iraq Rafh_moh@yahoo.com
The aim of this study was to use spreadsheet software (Excel) to solve linear programming models in formulating least cost rations of egg layers. The ingredients used are corn, wheat, soybean meal, barley, wheat bran, protein concentrate, limestone, salt, dicalcuim phosphate, vitamin and mineral premix, vegetable oil. Results showed that the starter optimum ration for layers from (0 – 6) weeks, consist of these ingredients (9.40, 26.91, 16.38, 38.71, 4.51, 0.95, 1.09, 0.25, 1.18, 0.25, 0.33)% respectively and from (6-12) week of (0, 73.43, 8.72, 0, 14.37, 0, 0.99, 0.25, 1.39, 0.25, 0.57) % respectively, from (12-18) week (0, 78.36, 6.17, 0, 12.02, 0, 1.44, 0.25, 0.87, 0.25, 0.61)% respectively, from (18 week - start of production) (0, 75.55, 13.85, 0, 3.81, 0, 4.25, 0.25, 1.16, 0.25, 0.86 )% respectively , and during productive period from (0, 66.93, 10.62, 0,0, 9.09,9.01, 0.25, 3.82)% respectively, and the cost of these ration was 160.6, 130.70, 123.60, 145.22, 195.95) Iraqi Dinar/kg respectively. Results also show sensitivity report of allowable increase and decrease in ingredient cost and in constraint values and the shadow price.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14631_6e50ca9ff1634d0696a6830f02d5dd05.pdf
broiler
Optimum rations
Excel program
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2010-09-01
18
2
263
270
10.21608/ajs.2010.14638
14638
Original Article
IMPROVEMENT OF CANOLA SEED YIELD AND QUALITY USING SULPHUR AND IRRIGATION INTERVALS UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY LEVELS
G Al-Solimani
1
F El-Nakhlawy
2
M Al-Morshdy
3
Arid Land Agriculture Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
1- Arid Land Agriculture Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
1- Arid Land Agriculture Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
This investigation was conducted at Hada Elsham
Experimental Research Station, King Abdul-
Aziz University during 2007/2008 and 2008/2009
seasons, to study the effects of two irrigation water
salinity levels (1200 mg/L and 10000 mg/L), three
irrigation water intervals (3, 6 and 9 days) and
three sulphur fertilizer rates (0.0, 4.0 and 6.0 t/ha)
on seed yield, yield components and seed quality
of canola, Pactole cv. The obtained results showed
that seed yield kg/ha was significantly increased
under the 1200mg/L irrigation water and 6t/ha of
sulphur more than the seed yield/ha under the effect
of 1200 mg/L irrigation water with 4 t/ha sulphur
or 10,000 mg/L irrigation water with 6t/ha sulphur
with no significant differences between the
two later treatments. Irrigation every 3 days significantly
dominated over the irrigation every 6 or 9
days on seed yield and yield components. Irrigation
with 10.000 mg/L salinity water significantly
decreased No. of branches /plant, No. of fruit/plant
and seed weight/ plant. Besides, Protein content of
the seed as well as oil content increased as water
salinity increased in both seasons. As sulphur
fertilizer rate increased seed yield, yield components
protein and oil contents of seed significantly
increased, in the two studied seasons.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14638_01062435dc6d88017287f1465e0a9c2a.pdf
: Caniola seeds
sulfur
fertilization
Irrigation intervals
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2010-09-01
18
2
273
282
10.21608/ajs.2010.14648
14648
Original Article
WHEAT YIELD AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES RELATIONSHIP UNDER DIFFERENT SOIL WATER CONTENT
M Abdel-Kader
1
Nemat Noureldin
2
M f
3
Luka Bechini
4
1- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams Univ., Cairo.egypt
1- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt
1- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt
2- Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Milan, Italy
The objectives of this study were to examine the relationship between wheat yield cultivars (Sakha 93 and Giza 168) and antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activities under different soil water content i.e. low, moderate and high content by irrigation at 80% ETo (1280m³/fed.), by 100% ETo (1600m³/fed.) and120% ETo (1920m³/fed.), respectively. Two lysimeter experiments were carried out in two successive seasons i.e. 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 to estimate wheat yield and one experiment in plastic bags carried out of the greenhouse to determine the antioxidant enzymes of 28 days wheat plant under three different soil water content i.e. providing wheat seedlings with aforementioned treatment. Exposing wheat cultivars i.e. Giza 186 or Sakha 93 to water stress by irrigation at 80% ETo (1280 m³/fad.) exerted an increase in CAT, SOD, POD, APX and PAL over those irrigated at 100% ETo (1600 m³/fad.) or at 120% ETo (1920 m³/fad.), but the previous enzyme activities in the tissue of Saka 93 surpassed of that of Giza 168 cultivar. spike weight and weight of 100 grain/plant of Sakha 93 cultivar overcome that of Giza 168 at low soil moisture content (80% ETo), whereas opposite results were obtained at high and moderate water content (120% and 100% ETo) in the first growing season (2006/2007) and spike weight/plant in second growing season (2007/2008). There was a proportional relationship between increasing soil moisture content and grain yield/plant but the difference between moderate water content 100% ETo (1600 m³/fed.) and high water content 120% ETo (1920 m³/fed.) was not significant. Providing 28 days wheat plant with low water content, decreased wheat yield/plant and its attributes comparing with moderate water content for the two studied cultivars. The current study indicates that Sakha 93 cultivar was the most tolerant cultivar compared with Giza 168.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14648_8e383e0ae340932e292e04adae201fdd.pdf
yield
Antioxidant enzymes
Soil moisture content
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2010-09-01
18
2
283
294
10.21608/ajs.2010.14669
14669
Original Article
EFFECT OF HARVESTING DATES ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF SOME FLAX GENOTYPES
Eman El-Kady
1
Samia Salama
2
A abd El-Fatah
3
1- Fiber Crops Res. Dept., Field Crops Res. Inst., Giza, Egypt
2- Seed Technology Dept., Field Crops Res. Inst., Giza, Egypt
1- Fiber Crops Res. Dept., Field Crops Res. Inst., Giza, Egypt
ABSTRACT Two field experiments were conducted during the two successive seasons 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 at Sakha Agric. Res. Station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate to study the effect of four harvesting dates i.e. 135, 145, 155 and 165 days after sowing on yield and its quality of six flax genotypes namely, Sakha1, Sakha 2, Sakha 3 and Giza 9 varieties and two new promising strains (strain 16 and strain 22). This study was laid out in a split-plot design, with four replications, the main plots were allocated to the six flax genotypes, whereas, the sub-plots contained the harvesting dates. The obtained results could be summarized as follow: Sakha 3 and Giza 9 varieties gave the highest means for technical length, fiber yield/plant as well as per fed., fiber length, fiber percentage, fiber strength, fiber fineness, germination % and crude protein %, whereas strain 22 (yellow seed) surpassed the other flax genotypes which produced the highest values for No. of seeds/plants, seed yield/fed., oil content and oil yield/fed. The harvest date of 155 days after sowing showed significant increases in stem diameter, straw yield/plant as well as per fed. fiber yield and its quality and crude protein % compared to the other three dates (135, 145 and 165 days after sowing). However, delayed harvesting date to 165 days after sowing recorded significant increase in technical length, upper branching zone length, seed yield and its related characters, germination %, seedling vigour, seed index, volume of 1000-seed, oil content and oil yield/fed. The interactions among the studied factors had significant effects on straw yield/fed., No. of capsules/plants, fiber strength and germination % in the first season of study, while the characters of the upper branching zone length, seed yield/fed., oil yield/fed., fiber length and oil content in both seasons.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14669_423625e897dc02bafe3f84c436c20e30.pdf
Flax genotypes
harvesting dates
yield components
Fibre quality
Germination and Seed chemical composition
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2010-09-01
18
2
297
306
10.21608/ajs.2010.14701
14701
Original Article
FORTIFICATION OF BISCUITS WITH IRON FROM NATURAL SOURCES
ABSTRACT Iron deficiency anemia is considered one of prevalent patients in developing countries, whereas it is well known that wheat flour is deficient in iron, hence, in this study wheat flour (72%) extraction fortified with celery seeds and cinnamon bark meal individually as a natural sources of iron at levels 5, 7.5 and 10 g/100 g wheat flour and preparation of biscuit samples. Iron content in wheat flour, celery seeds and cinnamon were determined. Biscuit samples were sensory evaluated and baking quality tested. Total iron and available iron were determined in biscuit samples. Biological evaluation for experimental rats designed and histopathological examination was tested for heart organ of rats. The results showed that wheat flour, celery seeds and cinnamon contained from iron 1.98, 57 and 50 mg/100 g respectively. Total iron and available iron increased in biscuits samples by increasing celery seeds and cinnamon additives compared with unfortified biscuits (control). Sensory evaluation of biscuit samples showed slight decrease in color, crunchiness and appearance while odor and taste significantly improved by increasing celery seeds and cinnamon additives compared with control. Baking quality of biscuit samples indicated increasing in weight, while volume, diameter and thickness slightly decreased by increasing celery seeds and cinnamon additives compared with control. Biological evaluation revealed that mean values of hemoglobin, hematocrit, red cell count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, serum iron and serum ferritin significantly improved after 8 weeks in groups rats fed on biscuits fortified with celery seeds and cinnamon compared with control. Histopathological overhaul declared amelioration in organ heart for groups rats fed on biscuits fortified with celery seeds and cinnamon compared with anemic control.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14701_60df9d6933f1e87bd65b13f33af3aa2e.pdf
iron
Celery seeds
Cinnamon
biscuits
Biological evaluation
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2010-09-01
18
2
307
315
10.21608/ajs.2010.14703
14703
Original Article
IMPROVEMENT PROPERTIES OF WHEAT FLOUR USING MICROWAVE
Ayman Soliman
1
1- Food Technology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
In view of balady bread in Egypt is considered as backbone in diets, accordingly, in this study wheat flour (82%) extraction treated by microwave at 2,4 and 6 minutes, that target to modify starch wheat flour by heating. The rheological properties were studied by using farinograph and extensograph apparatus. Falling number and amylose percent were determined. Balady bread samples were sensory evaluated and staling rate was evaluated. The wheat flour, crust and crumb layers of balady bread were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results of farinograph indicated that, water absorption arrival time, dough development time and dough stability increased while dough weakening decreased in wheat flour treated by microwave compared with wheat flour untreated (control). The results of extensograph revealed that, dough extensibility, resistance to extension and dough energy increased while proportional number decreased in wheat flour treated by microwave compared with control. Falling number decreased while amylose percent increased when microwave treatment increased from 2 to 6 minutes. Sensory evaluation showed slight decrease in values of both color crust and color crumb while, values of both taste and flavor slightly increased but not significantly different, meanwhile, values of crumb distribution significantly increased in balady bread samples prepared from wheat flour treated by microwave compared with balady bread prepared from untreated wheat flour (control). Wheat flour treated by microwave led to delay staling of balady bread and imilorated freshness of balady bread. The examination by scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that average size of starch granules increased from 26.10 mm in untreated wheat flour (control) to 29.37 mm in treated wheat flour by microwave at 6 minutes.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14703_b5ae71ced15cedcacd391d139791781b.pdf
: Wheat flour
microwave
balady bread
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2010-09-01
18
2
319
327
10.21608/ajs.2010.14707
14707
Original Article
EFFECT OF GIBBERELLIC ACID ON THE PERSISTENCE OF CERTAIN PESTICIDES ON/IN GRAPE FRUITS
Fergani, M. A.
1
El-Habbal S.
2
El-Temsah E.
3
Agron. Dept., Faculty of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Keima, Cairo, Egypt
Agron. Dept., Faculty of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Keima, Cairo, Egypt
Agron. Dept., Faculty of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Keima, Cairo, Egypt
Recommended application was done by spray regime for two pesticides, namely diniconazole, fenitrothion and a plant growth regulator (gibberellic acid) and their mixtures. Their residues were determined after different successive treatments in and on grape fruits in two consecutive years. The initial deposits of the fungicide diniconazole when used alone were 0.49 and 0.50 ppm for 2006 and 2007, respectively. While the initial deposits of fenitrothion reached to 11.35 and 11.19 ppm for the same interval, respectively. Initial deposits of the plant growth regulator gibberellic acid were 30.52 and 30.42 ppm for the same period, respectively. After mixing the tested pesticides and the plant growth regulator, the initial deposits loss reached 38.77 and 42.0 % for diniconazole, 43.08 and 48.16 % for fenitrothion and 6.88 and 7.00 % for gibberellic acid for the same seasons, respectively. A significant degradation was recorded with the mixture of the two tested pesticides and plant growth regulator compared with that occurred when pesticide was used alone at the two studied seasons.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14707_5600fca05eb39d50fcd97cc64c8eed91.pdf
diniconazole
fenitrothion
plant Growth Regulator
gibberellic acid
residues
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2010-09-01
18
2
329
335
10.21608/ajs.2010.14900
14900
Original Article
EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT ON THE NUTRITIVE VALUE AND RESIDUES OF SOME SYNTHETIC PESTICIDES IN FRESH BOLTI FISH
Khaled Al-Joumaa
1
Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Furat University, Deir Ezzor, Syria
Fresh Bolti fish (Tilpia nilotica) collected randomly from 9 different markets in Ismailia Governorate for evaluation the effect of grilled fish by the method used in grillrooms and houses on the concentration of pesticide residues found and the nutritive value. Results revealed that decrease in the estimated parameters i.e. moisture, crude protein, fat and ash by grilling, this decrease were 6.07, 2.63, 4.07 and 1.56%, respectively. On the contrary, carbohydrates behaved another behavior that there was an obvious increase ranged from 1.98% to 2.92%. Fresh and grilled fish were analyzed to detect 12 organochlorine (OC) and 7 synthetic pyrethroid (SP) pesticides with a mean level on a lipid basis. Gas Liquid Chromatography equipped with Electron Capture Detector GC-ECD was used to detect the contamination in the samples. The results showed that p,p'-DDE isomer was dominated over the other isomers in all analyzed fish samples, followed by a-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane. The concentrations of OC residues were higher than SP pesticides in all fish muscles. Also, the fresh fish muscle recorded higher concentrations of the evaluated pesticides than the grilled one.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14900_7a17edb3f357f767e38def40836a6ddf.pdf
: Nutritive value
Organochlorine (OC)
Synthetic pyrethroid (SP)
Residue
fish
cooking methods
grilling
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2010-09-01
18
2
337
347
10.21608/ajs.2010.14922
14922
Original Article
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION THE NEMATICIDAL ACTIVITY OF CERTAIN PLANT OILS AGAINST CITRUS NEMATODE Tylenculus semi-penetrans
, A.M.A El-Kady
1
S. Ibrahim Hala
2
. Farag E.M.A
3
El-Torkey H.M.
4
Centeral Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki-Giza, Egypt
Centeral Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki-Giza, Egypt
1- Centeral Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki-Giza, Egypt
1- Centeral Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki-Giza, Egypt
Four plant oils namely Barka, Sesam, Garlic and Almond were prepared as emulsifiable concentrate (EC). Polyethylene glycol 600 dioleate (PEG 600 DO), Toximol R and Toximol H were used as emulsifiers while xylene and toluene used as solvents. Four formulations only passed successfully (F1, D2, C3 and E5) in thePhysico-chemical properties according to the standards of WHO. The results indicated that the successful prepared formulations showed different degrees of effectiveness against second stage juveniles of Tylenculus semipenetrans under laboratory conditions. Second stage juveniles seem as paralyze at 24 hrs, whereas this effect disappears completely after 72 hrs in case of Almond and Barka. On the other hand, the effect of Sesam and Garlic showed a slight effect at 24 hrs and increased gradually to give highly effectiveness after 72 hours. According to EC50 values at 72 hrs, Garlic was more effective than Sesam. The respective EC50 values were 0.6 and 2 mg/ml. These results emphasized the promising effect of certain plant oil formulations including Garlic and Sesam oil against pathogenic nematode, and that such formulation might be used for nematode control in small areas, as gardens and plant nursery.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14922_ba7c97a0a9ab449c395f8ec3be1c8420.pdf
Nematicidal activity
Citrus nematode
plant oils