eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2037
2049
10.21608/ajs.2019.16300.1074
76141
Original Article
دراسة اقتصادية للتخطيط المکاني للتجارة الخارجية الزراعية المصرية في أهم الأسواق الأوروبية
Zaman Seifeldin Abdelhamid
zamanabdelhamid@gmail.com
1
Abdullah Abdel Maqsoud
amaahmed2002@yahoo.com
2
Eman Kadous
emankadous@agr.asu.edu.eg
3
Dept. Economics, Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Dept. Economics, Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Interest in transport is an important issue that should be taken care of by economic decision makers because of its impact on the price and distribution of products and thus have an impact on the competitiveness of the commodity in the global market. This affects the competitiveness of the product in the foreign market, as ensuring the timely distribution of the commodity in the right place according to the strategy followed by the exporting companies leads to wide negative results. Therefore, the research is concerned with studying the costs of transport in foreign markets and markets for which export is preferable to other markets, as well as the development of proposals for the establishment of new ports or open foreign markets in the outside world so, the problem of the study was researching the best ways in terms of distance, which in turn reflected on the cost of transport, through which the development of the foreign trade sector can be achieved through the transport model and then, the study aimed at identifying the best ways of transport through which transport costs between Egypt and European countries can be minimized, in addition to developing proposals to expand the establishment of ports between Egypt and European countries or to expand the current capacity of Egyptian ports. Or proposing the creation of new markets or increasing the current capacity in the European market in a number of key parts. The first part dealt with a theoretical framework on maritime transport in Egyptian foreign trade and European ports and their distance in nautical miles, and The second part dealt with the analysis of Egyptian European Agricultural exports and their spatial planning, the third part dealt with the prediction of the transport map for 2020 in the light of the strategy of sustainable agricultural development, and ultimately a mechanism for the development of foreign trade in the global market in the light of the transport sector. The study concluded the importance of the European market in accordance with the "2030 strategy in the future, the port capacity should be expanded, especially" Alexandria Maritime Port, an increase of 748 thousand tons per year "and Suez Maritime Port, an increase of 178 thousand tons per year." Egyptian imports in the world market. لخص يعد الاهتمام بموضوع النقل من الأمور الهامة التي يجب أن يهتم بها واضعي القرار الاقتصادي لما کان لها من تأثير علي سعر وتوزيع المنتجات وبالتالي يکون لها تأثير علي تنافسية السلعة في السوق العالمي مما يؤثر علي تنافسية المنتج في السوق الخارجي حيث أن ضمان توزيع السلعة بالتوقيت المناسب في المکان المکناسب وفقا" لإستراتجية تتبعها الشرکات المصدرة يؤدي ذلک إلي نتائج سلبية واسعة النطاق ، لذا أهتم البحث بدراسة تکاليف النقل في الأسواق الخارجية و الأسواق التى يفضل التصدير لها عن الأسواق الأخري ، وکذلک وضع مقترحات لإنشاء موانئ جديدة أو فتح أسواق خارجية في العالم الخارجي ، لذا کانت مشکلة الدراسة البحث في أفضل الطرق من حيث المسافة والتي تنعکس بدورها علي تکلفة النقل والتي يمکن من خلالها تنمية قطاع التجارة الخارجية من خلال نموذج النقل ومن ثم استهدفت الدراسة تحديد أفضل طرق النقل التي يمکن من خلالها تدنية تکاليف النقل بين مصروالدول الأوروبية بالإضافة إلي وضع مقترحات للتوسع فى إنشاء موانئ بين مصر والدول الأوروبية أو التوسع في الطاقة الاستعابية الحالية للموانئ المصرية ، أو اقتراح خلق أسواق جديدة أو زيادة الطاقة الاستعابية الحالية في السوق الأوروبية وذلک في عدد من الأجزاء الرئيسية بني عليها ، تناول الأول إطار نظري عن عملية النقل البحري في التجارة الخارجية المصرية و الموانئ الأوروبية والمسافة بينهما بالميل بحري ، وتناول الجزء الثاني تحليل الصادرات الزراعية المصرية الأوروبية والتخطيط المکاني لها ، الجزء الثالث تناول التنبؤ بخريطة النقل لعام 2020 وذلک فى ضوء إستراتيجية التنمية الزراعية المستدامة ، وفي النهاية آلية لتنمية التجارة الخارجية في السوق العالمي في ضوء قطاع النقل ، وقد توصلت الدراسة لأهمية السوق الأوربي وفقا" لإستراتجية 2030 في المستقبل فيجب أن يتم توسيع طاقة الموانئ وخصوصا" ميناء الأسکندرية البحرى ، بزيادة قدرها 748 ألف طن سنويا" وميناء السويس البحري بزيادة قدرها ،178 ألف طن سنويا" ، کما ثبتت أهمية السوق الإيطالي بالنسبة للواردات المصرية في السوق العالمي .
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76141_6ff336810519638b3934c51b53dcc44c.pdf
نموذج النقل لأوربا
دراسة اقتصادية
التجارة الخارجية الزراعية المصرية
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2077
2051
10.21608/ajs.2019.17568.1095
76142
Original Article
الاحتياجات التدريبية للعاملين ببعض مزارع الثروة السمکية الحکومية والأهلية بمحافظة البحيرة
Mahmoud Abdelfadeel
mahmoud.salem1084@gmail.com
1
Zakaria Elzarak
zakariaelzarka@yahoo.com
2
Maha Harhash
meah1179@yahoo.com
3
Salwa Gally
salwagally@yahoo.com
4
General Authority for Fish Resources Development
Department of Agri. Economics, Extension and Rural. Development, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University
Department of Agri. Economics, Extension and Rural. Development, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University
Department of Agri. Economics, Extension and Rural. Development, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University
استهدف هذا البحث بصفة أساسية دراسة الاحتياجات التدريبية للعاملين ببعض مزارع الثروة السمکية الحکومية والأهلية بمحافظة البحيرة, ولتحقيق أهداف البحث تم اختيار عينة عشوائية منتظمة من العاملين بالمزارع الحکومية بلغ قوامها 130 مبحوثاً يمثلون نحو 68% من الشاملة, بالإضافة إلي 74 مبحوثاً من العاملين بالمزارع الأهلية, وتم تصميم استمارة استبيان جمعت بالمقابلة الشخصية لاستيفاء البيانات الميدانية خلال الفترة من شهر سبتمبر سنة 2018 إلى شهر فبراير سنة 2019، واستخدمت بعض الأساليب الإحصائية کالنسبة المئوية والمتوسط الحسابي، والانحراف المعيارى, ومعامل الإرتباط البسيط والمتعدد, ومعامل الانحدار الجزئي والمتعدد، هذا فضلا عن استخدام جداول التوزيع التکرارى والنسبى في عرض بيانات البحث، وکانت أهم نتائج البحث ما يلي: - أن نحو (75%) من المبحوثين بالمزارع الحکومية يقعون في فئتي الاحتياج التدريبي المعرفي والتنفيذي الکلى المرتفع والمتوسط لأهم التوصيات الفنية الخاصه بإنشاء المزارع السمکية, معاملة الذريعة، تربية الأسماک، أمراض الأسماک وحصاد الأسماک. - کان ما يقرب من (62%) من المبحوثين بالمزارع السمکية الأهلية يقعون في فئتي الاحتياج التدريبي المعرفي والتنفيذي الکلى المرتفع والمتوسط لأهم التوصيات الفنية الخاصه بإنشاء المزارع السمکية, معاملة الذريعة، تربية الأسماک، أمراض الأسماک وحصاد الأسماک. - أن (59.5%) من المبحوثين بالمزارع الأهلية تشملهم فئة درجات الاحتياج التدريبي العام المنخفض, وفي المقابل فإن نسبة ما يقرب من (71٪) من المبحوثين بالمزارع الحکومية تشملهم فئتي درجات الاحتياج التدريبي العام المرتفع والمتوسطة فيما يتعلق بمجالات الاستزراع السمکي الخمسه المدروسة. - وجود علاقة معنوية إحصائياً عند مستوى 0.01 بين الاحتياج التدريبي العام للعاملين بالمزارع السمکية الحکومية وکل من مساحة المزرعة السمکية التي يعملون بها، والخبرة في مجال الإستزراع السمکى، والتعرض للمصادر المعرفية. کما توجد علاقة معنوية إحصائياً بين درجة الاحتياج التدريبي العام للعاملين بالمزارع السمکية الأهلية والتعرض للمصادر المعرفية. - تمثلت أهم مشاکل الاستزراع السمکي التي تواجه العاملين بالمزارع الحکومية في: ضعف الدخل من العمل بالمزارع السمکية يليها الإصابة بالأمراض نظرا للعمل بالمزارع السمکية، وعدم توفر الدورات التدريبية التي ترفع من کفائتهم العلمية، والتوزيع غير العادل للأعمال الموکلة إليهم وتعطل کثير من الأعمال لعدم توفر الإمکانيات اللازمة، والتنافس غير الشريف بين زملاء العمل، وجمود بعض اللوائح التي تعوق العمل بالمزارع السمکية، وعدم وجود تنسيق بين أقسام العمل المختلفة، وعدم المعرفة بخطة العمل وأهدافها، وأخيراً عدم وجود تکافؤ فرص في الحصول علي فرص تدريبية بالدول الخارجية. في حين کانت أهم مشاکل الاستزراع السمکي التي تواجه العاملين بالمزارع الأهلية في: ارتفاع أسعار مستلزمات الإنتاج والتجهيزات، وارتفاع أسعار ذريعة الأسماک، وصعوبة الحصول عليها في أوقات موسم التربية، وانتشار الأعلاف غير المطابقة للمواصفات الفنية، والارتفاع الشديد في أسعار أعلاف الأسماک، وتلوث المياه المستخدمة في المزارع السمکية، وانتشار السرقة وارتفاع أجور الحراسة، وغياب الدور الحيوي للهيئة العامة لتنمية الثروة السمکية، وارتفاع القيمة الايجاريه للمزارع السمکية، وندرة الأيدي العاملة المدربة وارتفاع أسعارها، وأخيراً ندرة توافر النشرات الإرشادية الخاصة بالاستزراع السمکي.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76142_5d18b5aa1b52e5f3ca68aa6bfc7c29ec.pdf
الاحتياجات التدريبية
مزارع الثروة السمکية
الحکومية والأهلية
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2079
2088
10.21608/ajs.2019.17109.1090
76143
Original Article
Protective effect of Moringa olifera Leaves Extracts and silymarin on hepatic Toxicity Induced by Cyclophosphamide.
Khadiga Ali
khadiga_khaled@agr.asu.edu.eg
1
Hemat Said
hemmat_said@yahoo.com
2
محمد أحمد طه عبد الرحي
matbio2070@agr.asu.edu.eg
3
Reda Attalah
biochemv@yahoo.com
4
Dept. of Biochemistry, Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Dept. Biochemistry, Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
کلية الزراعة - جامعة عين شمس - مصر
Biochem. Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
The leaves of Moringa oleifera plant are documented as active pharmaceutically agent with high antioxidant activity. In this study the protective effect of ethanolic leaves extract (ELE) and aqueous leaves extract (AQLE) of Moringa oleifera and Silymarin (SIL) were investigated against cyclophosphamide (CYP) injury on liver of rats. Fifty males of albino rats were divided into five groups, as follows: 1) control group - received distilled water orally; the second group was CYP group which injected with cyclophosphamide at dose of 150 mg/kg through i.p. to rats twice; one dose on the15Th day and another on the 30Th day. Other 3 groups basically injected with CYP as a group 2 Moreover the 3rd group i.e.( ELE + CYP) group the rats were administered with ELE at dose 500 mg/kg/day orally through an intra-gastric tube for consecutive 14 days, before and after CYP injection. The 4Th i.e. (AQLE+CYP group) the rats were given AQLE at dose 500 mg/kg/day orally for consecutive 14 days, before and after CYP injection. 5) SIL+CYP group - Rats were administrated with SIL at dose of 100 mg/kg/day by gavage for consecutive 14 days, before and after CYP injection. One day after the last treatment, blood samples and livers werewc . collected for histopathological investigations and biochemical determinations .The level of lipid peroxidation, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), serum albumin, total protein, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) values were evaluated. TBARS, AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH in serum were elevated significantly increased (P < 0.05) in CYP group, compared to control group, while total protein and albumin were decreased compared to control group and other groups. Histopathologically, it was observed hepatocytes damage in CYP induced group compared with the control group and other groups. In conclusion, Moringa leaves extracts exhibited antioxidant activity by the presence of free radical quenching scavenger constituents which protect liver from cyclophosphamide injury.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76143_aeb1bfd95450633e7bfa1711e8a4d315.pdf
cyclophosphamide
liver toxicity
Moringa oleifera leaf extracts
rat
Oxidative Stress
Silymarin
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2089
2104
10.21608/ajs.2019.14890.1062
76144
Original Article
Development of a Hand-Held Disk Mower Powered by Solar Energy
Mohamed Arafat
smart-eng.202014@agr.asu.edu.eg
1
Agr.Engineering
ABSTRACT The current study was conducted to develop a hand held solar powered disk mower by DC motor through a dry battery charged from a solar power plant by modifying a gasoline-powered machine in an attempt to study the possibility of using solar energy instead of fossil fuel for operating agricultural machinery to overcome the deficit of traditional energy resources and reduce the greenhouse gases and its negative environmental impact. The experimental tests included two tests, firstly preliminary test which performed to identify the morphological and mechanical properties of alfalfa, to obtain the required data for developing a hand held mower and selecting its main components that include “DC motor; battery and solar charger controller. As well as, determine the torque requirement for the cutter disk rotating main shaft. Also; study the state of battery charge to the selected suitable battery. Secondly field tests to evaluate the performance rate; efficiency; energy consumption and operating costs of the developed solar powered machine compared with the gasoline powered machine under field conditions. Two main parameters were studied during the field test; cutter disk rotational speed (3600, 6000, 9000 rpm) and Plant density (˂ 6000, 6000-9000, ≥ 12000 plant /m2). The results of the preliminary test indicated that, the alfalfa average stalk height; stalk diameter were 75 cm; 4 mm and the plant density was ranged between 6000 to 12000 plant/m2. The maximum cutting force was 130 N recorded with stalk diameter 4 mm. As well as; the applied torque on the cutter disk shaft recorded when the DC motor fixed directly with the cutter disk ranged between 0.6366 and 0.2546 N.m. The state of charge (S.O.C) of the selected dry battery “12 voltage”, it continue to operate efficiently for about one hour, at charge level 100% "full charge", in which the voltage was 14 V then gradually decreases to the level of 20% "full discharge" then the voltage was 8 volts. The current from the dry battery fluctuated between the maximum of 14 amperes during the cut-off phase to a minimum of 4 amperes during return back (without cutting). The result of field tests indicated that; the actual performance rate with the gasoline powered machine (before modified) was 0.209 fed/h recorded with plant density 6000 plant/m2 and cutter disk rotational speed 3600 r.p.m. on the other hand; the highest actual performance rate (after modification) was 0.088 fed/h recorded at the disk rotational speed 9000 rpm with plant density 6000 plant/m2; and The highest performance efficiency was (85%) recorded with the plant density 6000 plant/m2 at the disk speed 9000 rpm. As well as, the energy requirements for the solar powered machine ranged between 4.431 to 4.454 kw.h/fed. While it was ranged between 15.11 to 19.6 kw.h/fed for the gasoline powered machine. The operating cost was 4.076 L.E/h. and 53.5 L.E/fed; by using the solar powered machine; that reduce the total operating cost L.E/h by 80 % compared with the gasoline powered machine.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76144_dfd1db80624f7c57720c433b1aef3ebc.pdf
Hand held disk mower
solar energy
performance test
energy consumption
operating costs and Alfalfa
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2105
2113
10.21608/ajs.2019.16316.1076
76146
Original Article
Effect of Fertigation Technique on Some Onion Physical Properties Using Different Emitter Types
Shereen Mahmoud Bakr
shereenbakr736@gmail.com
1
Abdelghany El-gindy
abdelghani@agr.asu.edu.eg
2
Khaled Taher Elbagoury
khaled_elbagori@agr.asu.edu.eg
3
Wael Sultan
waelsultan@gmail.com
4
Hortic. Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Engineering Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Engineering Dept., Fac., Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Agric. Eng.Res. Inst. Dokki, Cairo,Egypt
Onion is the most widely-used flavoring vegetable in the world. And it is an important export crop in Egypt about 17% 529.631Tt., from total annually production. Scarcity of water resources in Egypt (arid and sigemi-arid regions) threatening food security. As well as, it is a limiting factor in agriculture expansion. So, maximizing irrigation water productivity by right combination of water and nutrients, and the method of fertilizer application through field water management practices (modern irrigation techniques, and fertigation) in irrigated crops, are a pre requisite for higher yields and good quality production. On the other hand it is very important to overcome water shortage and encourage environment preservation, particularly in sandy soils. Field experiment was conducted during 2016 /2017 season in private farm at Alexandria Cairo desert road, El-Behiara governorate. To study the effect of fertigation technique on some onion yield (quantity) i.e., bulb diameter “d1 and d2” (cm)., bulb mass “Bm” (g), bulb actual volume “Bv” (cm3), moisture content “MC” (%), and bulb yield “BY” (Mg fed-1)., through three emitters type, i.e., on line OT4 (I1), built in drip line GR 16 (I2) and built in drip line antiroots (I3), to obtain maximum irrigation water productivity, highest fertilizer effective, promoting yield quantity and quality and preservating environment of hyper mismanagement of water and fertilizer. Generally, results showed that using (I3) treatment recorded higher values compared with (I1) and (I2) treatments. Where, results indicated that, bulb yield “BY” (Mg fed-1) values increased about 8.32 and 2.77%., by using (I3), compared with (I1), and (I2). Also, using (I3) lead to increased irrigation water productivity “IWP” (kg m-3) about 66.1 and 33.2%., compared with using (I1), and (I2). In addition, it could be seen that bulb mass “Bm” (g), was increased by 60.77 and 14.39 %, when using (I3) compared with (I1) and (I2)
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76146_7698122d985ca80e66167bb97601922a.pdf
Drip irrigation
fertigation
onion bulb properties
yield
irrigation water productivity
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2115
2126
10.21608/ajs.2019.17783.1098
76147
Original Article
OCCUREENCE OF LEAF SPOT DISEASE CAUSED BY Xanthmonas campastris AND Pseudomonas cichorii UNDER AQUAPONICS SYSTEM IN EGYPT
Nerhan Eid
nerhan84@gmail.com
1
Abeer Elhadidy
elhadidyabeer@gmail.com
2
Enas Hassan
enasath@hotmail.com
3
Elshahat Ramadan
elshahatramadan@hotmail.com
4
Plant Protection, Desert Research Center
Plant Protection, Desert Research Center
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Some plants grown in aquaponic system are affected by bacterial leaf spot disease, with a bad effect on purchasing value. This research was conducted to evaluate leaf spot disease and the bacterial pathogens causative of the disease in aquaponic systems in Egypt. A leaf spot symptom consentient with bacterial leaf spot disease was noticed on several plants grown in six different aquaponic farms in different locations in Egypt during 2016 and disease incidence (%) was recorded. Viable Count (log10 cfu/g) of pathogenic bacteria in cultivated water tank, infected plants and grow bed (plant pots) in six different aquaponic farms in Egypt was determined. In Al-Manashy farm, cultivated water tank and grow bed didn't included any pathogenic bacteria whereas these bacteria involved in different habitats of other tested farms. Pseudomonas sp. disappeared from grow bed of all tested farms except Al-Wahat and Al-Thawra Al-Khadra farm. The distribution of pathogenic bacteria, Xanthomonas and Pseudomonas, on infected plants was assessed in Al-Thawara Al-Khadra farm. Based on morphological and biochemical characterization and disease symptoms, the bacterial isolates belonged to the genera Xanthomonas and Pseudomonas. Pathogenicity test and host range of these isolates were determined on twelve different plants (six hybrids of lettuce: Buterhead, Oakleaf, Rocket, Red Baby Leaf, Watercress, Pock Choi and calendula, cherry tomato, basil, purple kale, hot pepper and spring onion). All the tested Xanthomonas campestris isolates showed pathogenicity on all tested plants except calendula and spring onion, when leaves were sprayed with 1 × 108 cfu/ml of bacterial suspension. Out of nine isolates, two Pseudomonas isolates, namely Ps1 and ps2, recorded the highest values of disease incidence on some tested plants in Al-Thawara Al-Khadra aquaponic farm. More virulence pathogenic bacteria of Xanthomonas and Pseudomonas were identified using 16S rRNA sequencing giving high identities with Xanthomonas campestris campestris and Pseudomonas cichorii respectively.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76147_150e41149f5de253c590dbc1ed3dfccd.pdf
Aquaponic system
Bacterial leaf spot
Xanthomonas campestris
Pseudomonas cichorii
16S rRNA sequence
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2127
2137
10.21608/ajs.2019.16623.1082
76148
Original Article
CAMEL MILK AND DANDELION LEAVES AQUEOUS EXTRACT AS ADJUVANTS FOR CONTROLLING AGAINST LIVER INJURY
marwa yousef
marwanet410@gmail.com
1
Mohamed El-Hofi
prof.dr.hofi@hotmail.com
2
Ihab Ashoush
ihab.ashoush@gmail.com
3
kamal soryal
dr.kamalsoryal2019@gmail.com
4
safaa Abd El-Aziz
safyahmed211@yahoo.com
5
Dairy Science and Technology, Agriculture, Ain Shams University,Cairo,Egypt
Dairy Science and Technology, Agriculture, Ain Shams University,Cairo, Egypt.
Food Science and Technology Dept, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University
Dairy Production and Technology Unit, Dept. of Animal Breeding, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
Medicinal Food, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, Egypt
The liver disease all over the world had a more attention towards the prevention methods; balanced diet can be effective and protective. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective role for dandelion leaves aqueous extract (prebiotic), camel milk, fermented camel milk (probiotic product), fermented camel milk fortified with dandelion leaves aqueous extract (Synbiotic product), camel casein and camel whey protein against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver injury in rats. Rats were divided into eight groups (eight rats each). Group one was served as normal control (NC), while the other seven groups were injected intraperitoneal in beginning of experimental with single dose from carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Animals from group three to seven received orally camel milk; dandelion leaves aqueous extract; fermented camel milk (probiotic product); Synbiotic product and whey camel milk; while, group eight received basal diets in which protein was replaced with 20% camel casein for 45 days. The results indicated that all previous materials exhibited scavenging activity; liver injury control group revealed increased in liver function (AST, ALT and ALP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels; whereas, decreased body weight gain, albumin and glutathione reduced (GSH) levels. Also, histological examination of hepatic showed more alteration due to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatocellular damage. While, treatment by dandelion aqueous extract(prebiotic), camel milk; fermented camel milk (probiotic product); fermented camel milk fortified with dandelion leaves aqueous extract (Synbiotic product), camel casein and camel whey protein resulted in a significant improvement in weight gain, liver function and oxidative stress parameters; also, suppresses the alteration in liver histology. It could be concluded that dandelion leaves aqueous extract (prebiotic), camel milk; fermented camel milk (probiotic product); fermented camel milk fortified with dandelion leaves aqueous extract (Synbiotic product), camel casein and camel whey protein should be used as ingredients in functional foods for hepatoprotective.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76148_3ce805287c5b10c1f8b4ccef2ac8e5a0.pdf
camel milk
probiotic
Dandelion
Liver Injury
Rats
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2139
2154
10.21608/ajs.2019.16572.1081
76149
Original Article
EFFECT OF ALPHA-AMYLASE AND XYLANASE ACTIVITIES ON PROPERTIES OF FROZEN DOUGH PREPARED FROM FLOURS OF DIFFERENT WHEAT VARIETIES
Eman Hanafi
dr_eman_kamal@agr.asu.edu.eg
1
Magdy Elsheamy
magdy.elsheamy@gmail.com
2
El-Sayed Abou Elsoud
elsayed_abouelsaoud@agr.asu.edu.eg
3
Nessrien N.Yasin
minahanamostafa@gmail.com
4
Food Sci. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt
Food Sci. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt
Dept. of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Food science department faculty of agriculture ain shams university
This study was to evaluate alpha-amylase and xylanase activities in flours of different wheat varieties. Various physicochemical characteristics of flours were studied. Thermal properties of prepared doughs were measured from its freezing curves. Alpha amylase and xylanase activities were assessed for doughs during 70 days of frozen storage at -18±2ºC. Residual enzyme activities of pan breads made from frozen doughs were determined after 72 h of baking. Data revealed that, the variations in the proximate chemical composition among tested wheat flours could be attributed to the difference of wheat varieties and efficiency of milling process. Damaged starch (DS, %) was significantly (p≤0.05) higher in Shandaweel 1 flour (F1) and the mixture of F1 and F2 with 1:1 ratio (w/w) (F4) than in Sakha 94 flour (F2) and the local wheat flour from Amoun for milling Company (F3). Using of compressed yeast in dough preparation results in a considerable decline of freezing point which may be attributed to the difference in the amount of free water. The end freezing point ranged from -16ºC to -9ºC. Flours were significantly (p≤0.05) differed in their enzyme activities where, F4 had the highest α-amylase activity followed by F2, F3 and F1, respectively. Whereas, xylanase activity was higher in F1 than in other tested flours. Dough samples had higher enzyme activity comparing to flour samples that were made from. A significant (p≤0.05) increase in α-amylase activity was recorded by extending the frozen storage period of dough up to 70 days at -18±2ºC; while it declined significantly (P≤0.05) after bread baking as a result of the inactivation effect of baking temperature. Xylanase activity significantly (p≤0.05) increased during the first 14 days of dough frozen storage then decreased gradually till the end of frozen storage period owing to the increase of pH values. Also, xylanase activity has the same behavior as α-amylase for pan bread. There was a strong relationship between the storage time of dough and enzyme activities. The longer the frozen storage time of dough at -18ºC, the higher the decrease of bread residual enzyme activities. However, enzyme activities in the doughs and pan breads strongly depended on the flour and yeast types. Pan breads prepared from doughs with a high alpha-amylase activity had better specific volumes.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76149_a55c3f4637abf4c1e562bb99d9812eb8.pdf
Wheat flour quality
Freezing curves
Frozen dough
Amylase activity
Xylanase activity
Specific volume
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2155
2165
10.21608/ajs.2019.15670.1069
76150
Original Article
Production of vegetable yoghurt like from lupin milk
Shymaa Mohamed
shymaa_mshmsh2000@yahoo.com
1
Rizk Awad
rezkkawad@yahoo.com
2
Osama Elbatawy
samoelbatawy@hotmail.com
3
Wafaa Salama
wwh444485@yahoo.com
4
Dept of Food Sci., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Dept. of Food Science, Fac. Agric., Ain Shams
Dept. of Food Sci., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Dairy Research Department, Food Technology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
The objective of the present study was to produce vegetable milk from lupine seeds as an alternative to natural milk in the yogurt like production. Lupine yoghurt like was made from in-permeate lupine extract fortified with different levels of milk protein concentrate (MPC) powder in comparison with cow-milk yoghurt. Where lupine milk was extracted from soaked legume lupine (Lupinus angustifolius) seeds using milk permeate (1Kg beans / 5 Kg permeate) and divided into 4 equal portions and fortified with MPC powder at level of nil, 1, 2 or 3%. All treatments were converted into yoghurt using 3% bacterial starter culture of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus (1:1). The results showed that, the addition of MPC to lupine extract led to increase in the total solids content of resultant yoghourts like. Also, cow yoghourt had significantly higher fat content than lupine yoghurt like. Adding MPC to the lupine yoghurt milk resulted in lower fat content. Cow yoghurt had lowest protein content while lupine yoghurt with 3% MPC showed the highest protein content. Crude fiber content of lupine yoghurt without MPC was found to be highest than other yoghurt treatments. Values of viscosity were increased more with ascending ratios of MPC in Lupine milk. Hardness and springiness values of all lupine yoghurt treatments were increased during cold storage and the increase in these two texture parameters were positively correlated to the MPC level. Str. theromphillus or Lb. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus count in yoghurt made from cow milk showed higher counts than that of lupine-milk yoghurt like. All samples were free from any contamination either with yeast or fungi organism whether when fresh or after 7 days of cold storage while they appeared after 14 days. All yoghurt were sensory acceptable especially that fortified with 3% MPC powder, which helped to beany flavor disappearing.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76150_67c2e10b48e1f2c27f5f65a647d0f833.pdf
Lupin yoghurt like
Crude fiber, Viscosity, Rheological properties, Microbiological Analysis, Sensory evaluation
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2167
2176
10.21608/ajs.2019.16556.1080
76151
Original Article
EFFECT OF EXTRACTION SYSTEMS ON QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF EXTRA VIRGIN OLIVE OIL
Wael AbdElhamied
waelheb_waelheb@yahoo.com
1
W. Girgis
2
Magda Allam
3
Fats and Oils Res. Dept., Food Technol. Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
Oils and Fats Res. Dept., Food Technol. Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
Food Sc. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain Sham Univ., P.O. Box 68, Hadayek Shubra 11241, Cairo, Egypt
The influence of extraction systems (press, two- and three-phases) on the quality of olive oils extracted from two olive oil varieties (Coratina and Koronakii) was studied. Refractive index (RI), free acidity, peroxide value, specific coefficients of extinctions (K232, K270 and ΔK), natural antioxidant content, fatty acids composition, oxidative stability and antioxidant activity were determined as well as sensory analysis was done. From the obtained results, it could be noticed that there were no significant differences among olive varieties and extraction techniques in view of oils values; refractive index and unsaponifiable matters which appeared to be approximately the same. Also, results observed that there were slight differences in fatty acids composition, depending on the extraction technique and varieties employed. While, revealed that the extraction systems had significant effect on most chemical characteristics and oxidative stability of oils due to the differences in their natural antioxidants content which was higher in oils extracted by the two-phases and press systems than in that extracted by three-phase system. The sensory evaluation and the overall quality index indicated that olive oil obtained by two-phase system was the preferable among other oils obtained by press and three-phases; it received significantly the highest scores in all the judged quality attributes. Also, the total polyphenols were higher in the extra virgin olive oils obtained by the two-phase and press systems than in that obtained by three-phase system because the former two systems do not require the addition of water to olive paste in the decanter whilst, in the three-phases system water must be added to olive paste. The data revealed that the best extraction system was the two-phases system which produced high quality olive oil with high content of total polyphenols and that made it more resistant for oxidation during storage. Results also showed that Coratina variety gave oil with higher resistant to oxidation and higher sensorial score than oil extracted from Koronakii variety.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76151_7ba582d7a61d4a22810814a242869718.pdf
olive oil
Extraction systems
Press
Two- and Three-phase systems
Sensory evaluation
oxidative stability
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2177
2192
10.21608/ajs.2019.17084.1089
76152
Original Article
PRODUCTION OF LOW CALORIES AND SODIUM CAST FETA CHEESE
Ahmed Elazhry
ahmedmohe530@gmail.com
1
Ahmed Abdelsameea
ahmeddusamaa@yahoo.com
2
Atef Fayed
profateffayed@yahoo.com
3
meranda tawfik
merandabdelmegly@gmail.com
4
Dept. Food Science Techn., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Dept. Food Science, Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Dept. Food Sci., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Food Tech. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
The aim is to investigate the production of cast Feta cheese low in energy by partial or full replacement of milk fat and NaCl using, in order maltodextrin as a fat replacer and KCL as a salting substitute. Cast Feta cheese was made using skimmed milk powder which was arithmetically mixed with dried milk protein concentrate and reconstituted to form total solids of 21% and12% protein. In the base of full cream cheese, the fat was adjusted to 16% using butter oil (the control). For other treatments, butter oil was replaced with maltodextrin at the level of nil, 25, 50, 75 or 100%. All formulas were heat treated and homogenized then cooled to the suitable renneting temperature. Salted to 2.5% NaCl, whether alone or replaced with KCl at the level of nil, 25, 50 or 75%. Glucono delta lactone was added at the level of 2.5% then rennet solution was added at the rate of 2 ml /10 Kg pre-cheese, which was packaged into plastic containers and incubated at 40o C for the complete coagulation. All cheese containers were cold stored at 5o C for 3 months. The proportional fat replacement with maltodextrin led to gradual reduction in the dry matter (DM) and ash contents of resultant cheese. The repining indices; titratable acidity, water soluble nitrogen (WSN) on total nitrogen (TN) and non-protein nitrogen / TN contents were increased as the fat replacement increased. Hardness, chewiness and gumminess of cheese increased while cohesiveness decreased. Total bacterial count (TBC) increased while, yeasts and molds (Y&M) count decreased. All judging scores of cheese sensory attributes, The substitution of NaCl with KCl in cheese salting heightened the DM and protein contents. Cheese hardness was weakened while gumminess was strengthened while, decreased in TBC and Y&M count. Nevertheless, scores of sensory properties were declined by NaCl substitution by more than 50%. During cheese cold storage period (CSP) TA, WSN\TN and NPN\TN contents as well as Y&M count were increased while pH value lowered. All texture parameters and organoleptic attributes, scores of cheeses decreased by prolonging the CSP but still keeping their acceptable quality until the end of experimental CSP.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76152_ffb192ca86984408701139ba2768d593.pdf
Chemical composition
Repining indices
Microbiological quality
Texture profile
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2193
2202
10.21608/ajs.2019.17009.1088
76153
Original Article
Low fat Ras Cheese with Exopolysaccharide Producing Starter Cultures
Doaa Maamoun
doaamaamoun151@gmail.com
1
Abd- Elmonem El-Badawy
hagrss123@yahoo.com
2
Rezk Awad
rezkawad@hotmail.com
3
Wafaa Salama
wwh333385@yahoo.com
4
Dairy Res. Dept., Food Technology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center,
Food Science department, Faculty of agriculture, Ain shams university, Cairo, Egypt
Food Science department, Faculty of agriculture, Ain shams university, Cairo, Egypt
Dairy Res. Dept., Food Technology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center,
Using of the exopolysaccharide-producing starter culture for improving the texture and technical properties of low-fat Ras cheese was studied. Ras cheese was manufactured using cow milk (3% fat) with non producing- EPS starter as control (CF). Low fat cow milk (1.5% fat) was divided into 3 equal portions. The first portion was served as control (Cl) with non producing- EPS starter. While EPS producing starter either commercial (T1) or laboratory (T2) were added for the other two portions respectively. The experimental design was performed to compare full and low fat Ras cheese (CF and Cl) with non producing- EPS starter culture with commercial and laboratory (T1and T2) with EPS producing starter culture. The physicochemical, textural profile analysis and organoleptic properties of fresh and stored cheeses (3 months) were determined. Also, the microscopic structural changes in fresh low- fat Ras cheese with EPS-producing starter were evaluated. The results indicated that addition of EPS producing cultures with decreasing fat of cheese milk lead to an increase in the moisture of treatments. Protein content of low fat Ras cheese was slight decreased with adding EPS-producing starter in cheese. The data indicate that control cheese (full fat without EPS-producing cultures) had the lowest values of acidity compared to low fat without EPS-producing cultures . Addition of exopolysaccharides starter in low fat Ras cheese caused decrease in hardness in cheeses. Values of hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess and chewiness decreased during storage period for 3 months. Using EPS- producing cultures in low fat Ras cheese was more pronounced on microscopic structural changes of the resultant cheese. Also, addition of EPS-producing cultures in Ras cheese milk improved sensory evaluation of the resultant cheese and cheese with 1.5% fat and EPS-producing culture (T2) was selected as the best cheese by sensory panel to produce high quality Ras cheese.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76153_1d4e68e2ae158d8a17d6912c8479644b.pdf
Exopolysaccharides starter culture
low fat Ras cheese
Texture profile analysis (TPA) and organoleptic properties
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2205
2213
10.21608/ajs.2019.15873.1070
76154
Original Article
Isolation, identification and potential biological control of some rhizobacteria against Meloidogyne incognita
Rozan Yousef
reymy303@hotmail.com
1
Samir Ibrahim
drsamir50@agr.asu.edu.eg
2
Ashraf Abdel Razik
ashrafgene@gmail.com
3
Gaziea Soliman
gaziea@yahoo.com
4
Genetics Faculty of Agriculture Ain shams university , cairo, Egypte
Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture Ain shams University, Cairo, Egypte
Genetics Faculty of Agriculture Ain shams university , cairo, Egypte
plant diseases (Nematology), National Research Center.
The plant-parasitic nematodes seriously effect on the growth of many crops and are responsible for agricultural losses worldwide. The losses range from 8 to 20% on major crops around the world. Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. infect and damage a wide range of important crops particularly vegetables in tropical and subtropical countries. The main way for controlling of the plant parasitic nematodes is the use of chemical nematicides. Although the nematicides are effective quickly, they are usually expensive and not available and also cause a lot of risk to humans and inflict injury to the environment. Due to the environmental hazards associated with their application, identifying alternatives for nematode control and developing effective and safe application techniques is both urgent strategies for alleviating the nematode induced damage. The biological controls are alternatives eco-friendly agricultural systems and safer for environments and humans and cheaper than chemical control This study was conducted to isolate and estimate of the potential some rhizobacteria from roots in agriculture soil against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita J2 under in vitro condition. Nine rhizobacteria were isolated from soil (R1 to R9). The best mortality was recorded by isolate no. R6 (77.55%) followed by isolated no. R2 (75.59%) followed by isolate no. R7 (71.43%) as compared with 0% in case of control (water only) after 72h exposure periods. R6, R2, and R7 were identified as Lysinibacillus sphaericus, Bacillus pumilus and Pseudomonas flourescens, respectively based on the analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence. The partial 16S rRNA gene sequence of these bacterial isolates were deposited in GenBank under accession number MF000302, MF000303 and MF000304 for the previous mentioned bacterial species. The main goals of this study were to isolate some native rhizobacteria and evaluate their efficiency as eco-friendly control alternatives for controlling root- knot nematode M. incognita under laboratory conditions.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76154_f8fff65c929cbde396be8b897b755dca.pdf
16sr DNA
Meloidogyne incognita
Bacillus pumilus
Lysinibacillus sphaericus
Pseudomonas fluorescence
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2215
2222
10.21608/ajs.2019.19168.1112
76155
Original Article
Estimation of anticancer effect of methanolic extract of Artemisia herba alba on human cancer cell lines
Hadeer Mohammed
hadeer@agr.asu.edu.eg
1
Naima Alsenosy
neima_koutb@agr.asu.edu.eg
2
Naglaa Ebeed
nebeed@agr.asu.edu.eg
3
Khalid Fahmy
khalid.fahmy@agr.asu.edu.eg
4
Dept. of Genetics, Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Genetics Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Dept. of Genetics, Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Dept. of Genetics, Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Artemisia (Asteraceae family) has been reported to possess different bioactive phytochemicals including phenols, sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids. The aim of this study was to estimate the anti-proliferative activity of the methanolic extract of Artemisia herba alba using in vitro assays on two of human cancer cell lines compared with the normal cell lines. The obtained results indicated that A.herba alba extract showed highly cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects on tested human cancer cells as revealed by measuring viable mitochondrial oxidation of [3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay] (MTT assay). The observed (-IC50-) or the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of A. herba alba extract in the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) was 50.34 μg/ml, while in the lung cancer cell line (A549) it was 29.23 μg/ml. In contrast, the normal liver cells (THLE2) as well as lung normal cells showed very low sensitivity toward tested extract where the IC50 were 1250μg/ml and 1915 μg/ml, respectively. However, flow cytometric analysis for cell cycle using propidium iodide staining revealed increment of G2/M phase cell cycle arrest after treatment of HepG2 cells with A. herba alba extract. At the molecular level, the quantitative real time-PCR technique was used to investigate the alteration of gene expression after exposure of HepG2 cell line to A. herba alba extract by measuring levels of mRNA for p53, Bax, and Bcl-2 genes expression. The apoptotic mechanism was activated by the crude extract of A. herba alba extract included up-regulation of p53 and Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression levels. However, no cytotoxic effect was recorded after exposure of normal cell lines to the plant extract. These data indicated that A. herba alba extract possess anti-proliferative effect by a cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis mediated cytotoxicity in carcinoma cells. These results suggested that A.herba alba could contain one or more effective anti-cancer compound(s) and can be used as a natural source of anticancer agents.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76155_410067d5e1799953786b200dce85a750.pdf
medicinal plants
anticancer effect
Artemisia herba alba
MTT assay
Q-RT-PCR
human cancer cell line
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2223
2233
10.21608/ajs.2019.12574.1033
76156
Original Article
In vitro callus induction and shoot regeneration potentials in some snake melon accessions collected from different regions in Egypt
Khalid Ibrahim
isaoscu@gmail.com
1
Fouad Mohamed
fouadhm@gmail.com
2
Amero Abo-Zeid
amor_ahmed20@yahoo.com
3
Mohamed Elwan
elwan_wasfy@yahoo.com
4
Mohamed Abdel Salam
ymyurmabdelsalam@gmail.com
5
Department of Horticulture Faculty of Agriculture Suez Canal University Egypt
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Egypt
Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Egypt
Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Several snake melon genotypes are grown in different locations in Egypt. However, the relationships and the degree of relatness among these genotypes are not well documented. This study was carried out with the aim to classify different Egyptian snake melon genotypes based on the in vitro callus induction and shoot regeneration potential. Nine snake melon accessions (acc.) were collected from different regions in Egypt, including acc.3 (Damietta), acc.7 (Bany Swief), acc.8 (Fayoum), acc.9 (Giza), acc.11 (Menia), acc.14 (Sohag), acc. 15 (Behaira-Wady Elnatron), acc. 17 (Ismailia) and acc. 18 (Behaira-Badr Center). Twenty seeds from each accession were sterilized and cultured in vitro on MS medium basal salt and vitamins for 4 weeks. Segments (4x4mm each) from cotyledon were used as explants and cultured on MS medium amended with 2.0 mg/L TDZ for callus induction. The formed callus was sub cultured onto MS medium amended with 3.0 mg/L BA+4ml Hyaluronic acid for shoot regeneration. Results indicated that the degree of callus formation was different among the different accessions. Based on callus growth potential measured as fresh weight, snake melon accessions could be ranked as: acc.9> acc.18> acc.3= acc.11> acc.17> acc.15> acc.8= acc.14> acc.7. Significant differences among the accessions were also observed for their shoot regeneration potential from callus. The highest number of shoots per explant was recorded in acc. 18 (ave.12.6 shoots), followed by acc.9, 11, and 7 which produced an average of 10.8, 10.4, and 9.8 shoots, respectively. Results suggested that snake melon genotypes with high callus induction had also high regeneration capacity. In addition, these accessions could have different genetic background, which might help in future breeding programs to improve plant and agronomic traits. The current in vitro callus induction and shoot regeneration technique in snake melon will also aid in future effort for germplasm preservation of accessions with unique characteristics.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76156_c12464501fb3aecda08e8dbf77026c2a.pdf
Cucumis melo var. flexuosus
accessions
callus induction
shoot regeneration
Hyaluronic acid
TDZ
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2235
2246
10.21608/ajs.2019.14814.1060
76157
Original Article
Effect of Faba bean seed sprouting using saline water on its antioxidant properties
Alaa Hegazy
am7626019@gmail.com
1
Nashwa Ibrahim
nashwa_ibrahim@agr.asu.edu.eg
2
Mohamed Elgammal
melgammal21@yahoo.com
3
Mamdouh Abd EI-Azim
youmamdouh@yahoo.com
4
Department of Horticulture, Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Hort. Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams
Regional Central for Food and Feed, Agric.Res.Center, Giza, Egypt
Horticulture Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain-Shamas University Cairo, Egypt
Legumes play a fundamental role in human nutrition in many countries. Germination is considered as one of the most effective processes to improve the quality of legumes. Faba bean seeds have been chosen for this study, to do a comparative study on the chemical analysis and phytochemical contents of the faba bean seeds and their germinated samples using tap and saline water was studied. The antioxidant activity (total antioxidants, phenols and flavonoids) comparison of the seed and the selected sprouted samples was, also, extended. Vitamins, phenols, total flavonoids and other important compounds, that might be considered beneficial as antioxidants, often dramatically change during the course of germination. The obtained data of the current study revealed, through measuring sprout characters, that 1000 ppm NaCl was the appropriate concentration with respect to performance of the sprouting of Faba bean. It was, also, found that there was a slight increasing in protein, amino-acids and some minerals in tap and saline water sprouted samples. A marked increasing in antioxidant activity, total phenols and total flavonoids in tap water and saline water sprouts was also detected. It could be concluded that germination process increases the nutritive value of the seeds and is a good way to enhance the antioxidant properties of legume seeds. Consequently, germination process could be used as a source of natural antioxidants in functional foods and could be considered as an important step towards the future evolvement of value-added foods and which can be used in the development of novel food products with beneficial effects on human’s health . This study show that there was slightly increasing in protein, amino-acids and some minerals in sprouts using tap water and saline water. Whereas, there was a marked increasing in antioxidant activity, total phenols and total flavonoids in tap water and saline water sprouts.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76157_69f5a6dab05f6488fe24390670e2fff9.pdf
Faba bean
seed sprouting
saline water
antioxidant properties
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2247
2257
10.21608/ajs.2019.16372.1078
76158
Original Article
Seed priming effect on germination of Doum palm (Hyphaene thebaica Mart) and development of small seedling
Ahmed Abdehay
negm.a.h@agr.asu.edu.eg
1
Mohammed Hewidy
mohamed.hewidy@agr.asu.edu.eg
2
Soheir Hassan
so.hassn2013@agr.asu.edu.eg
3
Hortic. Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Hortic. Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Doum palm Hyphaene thebaica Mart is a very important natural flora in the Egyptian territory. It is integrated in food, drink and medicine of the Egyptian population. Seeds germination faces difficulties due to hardness and viability. the fruit (a date) is edible, the foliage is also used for local crafts, the stems for construction purposes, and the roots for phytomedicine, mainly for the treatment of bilharziasis. This study tried different priming methods after removal hard kernel. First treatment; non-treated as direct plantation (control). Second; Cold water (tap water for 48 hours), third; freezing storage in Deep-freezer at -18°C for 12 hours then immersed in 60°C water for 1 hour, fourth; hot water at 60°C 5 for 3 hours then left till gradually cooled, fifth; soaking seeds in a solution of gibberellic acid 200 ppm for 48 hours, sixth; Soaking seeds in 3% solution of KNO3 for 48 hours, seventh; soaking seeds in diluted sulfuric acid (H2SO4) at 30% for 15 minutes. Data collected were germination percentage %, roots length, root diameter, root fresh and dry weight, root dry weight, seedling length, wide of leaf, Fresh and dry weight of above ground parts. Freezing followed by hot water gave the highest seed germination % (90%) followed by KNO3 (80%). The lowest germination % was obtained from non-treated control and cold water in a range between 45-65%. cold water treatment gave significant increase in root fresh weight in both seasons when compared to other treatment. Freezing and cold water treatment gave significant increase in plant height in both seasons when compared to other treatments. Moreover, the effect of various priming treatment demonstrated significant effect on characteristics of young growing seedling. The best performance obtained from seeds treated with cold water and freezing treatment. Thus, treating Doum palm seeds after removal of hard kernel with freezing at -18 for 12 hours followed by immersing seed in hot water at 60°C for one hour.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76158_ca7f712ebab386be3b0af494f6194dbb.pdf
Seed priming
Hyphaene thebaica
Seedling
KNO3
GA3
freezing
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2259
2272
10.21608/ajs.2019.15226.1064
76159
Original Article
Impact of salinity Seed sprout characterization of five faba bean (Vicia faba L) varieties
Mahmoud Adel Ahmed Ali
mahmoud_adel489@agr.asu.edu.eg
1
Mamdouh Abdallah
youmamdouh@yahoo.com
2
Nashwa Abo El-Azam
nashwa_abouazam@agr.asu.edu.eg
3
Ahmed Abou El-Yazeid
abouelyazied@hotmail.com
4
Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain shams university. Cairo, Egypt.
Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain shams university, Cairo, Egypt.
Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain shams university, Cairo, Egypt.
Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain shams university, Cairo, Egypt.
One of the unique properties of earlier stages of plant growth is germination. germination is morphological expression of various metabolic activities in seeds. Plants exposure to the abiotic stresses for instance salinity that influence physiological processes, anatomy, developmental systems and plant development. Agriculture production under arid and semi-arid zone is low owning to many factors for example accumulation of salts in soils and water, total of land area under salinity is about 953 million ha. The aim of this research was to evaluate the germination characters of five faba bean (Vicia faba L.) varieties [Nubaria (1), Giza (843), Sakha (1), Sakha (3) and, Sakha (4)] were using saline solution containing (0, 1000 and 2000 ppm NaCl), were utilized to examine their water uptake, germination percentage, germination index, relative salt injury rate, radicle length, sprout fresh and dry weight, weight losses and seed volume using saline solution . Results indicated that the higher concentrations of salt have a negative impact on water uptake, germination percentage, radical length, sprout fresh and dry weight, seed volume, and relative salt injury rate. At all salinity concentration, the five varieties showed different degrees of salt tolerance. Sakha (3), (4) and Giza (843) had a better salt tolerance index than the other Nubaria (1) and Sakha (1). Nubaria (1), Giza (843) had the highest percentage and index of germination, while Sakha (1) had the shorter radical length and susceptible to salt injury rate. Moreover, Giza (843) and Sakha (3) genotypes can be considered as tolerant to salt stress compared to the other ones. These genotypes also could be used in the breeding program for enhancing faba bean cultivation in newly reclaimed lands. Data suggest a test of seed germination may be useful to use in developing new lines of faba bean to grow in saline soils.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76159_523624c360fefa229ffe591770e12841.pdf
Faba bean seed germination
Water uptake
Relative salt injury rate
Salt tolerance index
Sprout character
salinity stress
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2273
2290
10.21608/ajs.2019.17898.1099
76160
Original Article
Morphological, Chemical Characters and Genetic Analysis Discrimination of Five Naturalized Populus Species Inhabiting Four Governorate Territories of Egypt
Mohammed Hewidy
mohamed.hewidy@agr.asu.edu.eg
1
Abdelaziz Hosni
amhosni@hotmail.com
2
Ashraf Abdel Razik
ashrafgene@gmail.com
3
Mohamed Ahmed
mohammed.fathey110@gmail.com
4
Magdi Bahnasy
magdibahnasy@yahoo.com
5
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Genetics Faculty of Agriculture Ain shams university , cairo, Egypte
Genetic. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., P.O. Box 68, Hadayek Shobra 11241, Cairo, Egypt
Forestry and Timber Tree Research Dept., Hortic. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cen., Giza, Egypt
Populus is a fast growing tree that attract the attention of people. This genus provides environment protection due to their ability in carbon sequestration, phytoremediation and wildlife inhabitant. Populus species are widely used a source of wood, veneer, paper and bioenergy. This survey study aimed to identify the current status of Populus species inhabiting four different governorates of the Egyptian territories. In this survey, four different locations were surveyed, i.e. Cairo, Giza, Qaliobia and Gharbia governorates. According to the site survey, five species of Populus were found. Research findings indicate that the length and diameter of the trees varied according to various species in various localities. Selected trees of various species were subjected to different morphological, chemical parameters and genetic assessments. P. deltoides from Giza in addition to P. deltoides and P. nigra from Cairo gave somewhat close relation in their vegetative parameters. Furthermore, both P. nigra and P. alba from Gharbia location gave high similarity due to overall vegetative parameters and also both P. euramericana female from the Gharbia and P. nigra from Qaliobia. Genetic diversity was analyzed using molecular markers. Three different Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers were used for the reaction (17899A, 17899B and HB13). ISSR primers markers yielded 67.5% polymorphic loci among the surveyed species and cluster analysis enabled separation of these populations on the basis of their genetic distances. P. euramericana female and male from Giza showed close relation at morphological level. From this study it can be concluded that: firstly; leaf parameters i.e. leaf area width and length were suitable for identifying the differences among species, and secondly; genetic analysis using molecular markers was enough to discriminate between species. Our results finally suggest that Populus species possess genetic variation and can adapt to new environmental conditions, which in its self-valuable information would potentially lead to promising applications.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76160_d4740e73cd8356b95c36c33860dd2751.pdf
Survey-study
Woody trees
Populus
Morphology
ISSR
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2291
2302
10.21608/ajs.2019.14018.1051
76161
Original Article
EFFECT OF COPPER COATED LUPINE EXTRACT NANOPARTICLES ON SOME AQUATIC AND TERRESTRIAL PEST SNAILS
Karima Azzam
azzamkarima@gmail.com
1
Eman Abdel-Hady
mnmn7733@yahoo.com
2
Eman Khedr
dremankamel@yahoo.com
3
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokky, Giza
Animal harmful Dept., Plant Protection Inst., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokky, Giza
Effect of lupine extracts nanoparticles (NPs) coated with copper sulphate on the mortality and eggs productivity of aquatic snails, Biomphalaria alexandrina Ehrenberg and Bulinus truncatus Audouin, and terrestrial snail, Eobania vermiculata Müller, were investigated in comparison with copper sulphate nanoparticles and both treatments compare with untreated group in the present and previous investigation. This experiment was planned to elucidate the molluscicidal properties of lupine extract coated with CuSO4 NPs against adult B. alexandrina B. truncatus and E. vermiculata snails after 24 hours exposure, in dark conditions, followed by another 48 hrs. light for recovery. The results revealed that lupine extracts nanoparticles has more effect than copper sulphate nanoparticles on both aquatic or terrestrial snail mortality. It caused 100% mortality for B. alexandrina and B. truncates, at concentration of 20 ppm, after 24 hours of exposure in dark followed by 48 hours recovery in day light. Copper sulphate nanoparticles at the same concentration caused only 70% and 46. 67% mortality for B. alexandrina and B. truncates, respectively, under the same conditions. Mortality rate increased with the increase of concentrations either in lupine NPs or CuO4 NPs. On normal lupine extract the concentration that caused 100% mortality was equal to ten folds of lupine NPs. Egg productivity of the healthy thirty individuals, of B. alexandrina, B. truncatus and E. vermiculata, were investigated and compared with the survival snails in low concentrations of both Cu NPs and lupine NPs, to study the effect of nanoparticle materials on the snail fecundity. Both lupine extract nanoparticles and copper sulphate nanoparticles may have a sterilized effect, where B. alexandrina and B. truncatus snails exposed to sub lethal doses from them didn’t laid any egg masses after treatment. E. vermiculata, treated or untreated individuals, didn’t laid any eggs either, because it had a specific season of reproduction which not coinciding with the time of experiment
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76161_f0887980ca84833a37552b18ba9b0444.pdf
Lupine coated copper NPs
Aquatic snails
. Terrestrial snail
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2303
2313
10.21608/ajs.2019.17436.1092
76162
Original Article
DEVELOPMENTAL THRESHOLDS AND THERMAL REQUIREMENTS NEEDED FOR THE COTTON PINK BOLLWORM PECTINOPHORA GOSSYPIELLA (SAUNDERS)
Ahmed Ali
ahmed_adel_aly@agr.asu.edu.eg
1
Mohamed Abdelwahed
mohamed_abdelwahad1@agr.asu.edu.eg
2
Azza Abdelrahman
zizikamal@hotmail.com
3
Youssef Youssef
youssefabd10@hotmail.com
4
Plant Protection Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams
Dept. of Plant Protection, Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Plant Protection Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Plant Protection Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
The present study was conducted on the cotton pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders.) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) the most devastative insect pest to cotton cultivations in Egypt. It causes great damage and loss in the cotton yield. All experiments were carried out in the laboratory of the environmental study, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agric., Ain Shams Univ. aiming to estimate some biological parameters of P. gossypiella reared on artificial diet at four constant temperatures 18, 20, 25, 30oC with 65±5% RH, then determine threshold of development and thermal constant for each of the developmental stages and complete generation. Obtained results demonstrated that the duration of each developmental stage of P. gossypiella highly affected by the change of temperature. The incubation period of eggs greatly varied at different temperature, these periods were 10.86, 10.29, 6.00 and 4.00 days at 18, 20, 25 and 30oC, respectively. Threshold of development for P. gossypiella egg stage was 12.1oC. The mean of duration for P. gossypiella larvae, pupae were 30.40, 14.10 days and the durations for male, female and generation were 24.72, 26.99 and 57.95 days, respectively. The longest duration of larvae, pupae, male and female moths were 47.61, 20.13, 33.59 and 33.68 days recorded at 18oC while the shortest durations were 16.60, 7.40, 13.75 and 14.64 days recorded at 30oC for larvae, pupae, male and female moths, respectively. The threshold of development for P. gossypiella larval, pupal, male, female stages was 11.6, 12.1, 9.8, 9.5oC, respectively. The threshold of development for P. gossypiella generation was 11.7oC. Based on the estimated threshold of development and duration of each developmental stage at the respective rearing temperature, the average of thermal constant was estimated as 73.59 for egg stage, 298.76 for larvae, 124.98 for pupae, 299.49 for adult male, 338.96 for adult female and 567.80 DDs for P. gossypiella generation.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76162_c953ec0f94087f2b5221f862da74279b.pdf
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm
developmental threshold
thermal constant
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2315
2320
10.21608/ajs.2019.17388.1091
76163
Original Article
Protective and Curative Activity of Azoxystrobin and its Mixtures against Powdery Mildew on Squash.
Tamer Noshy
tamervicoo@gmail.com
1
Sayed Dahroug
sayed_dahroug@yahoo.com
2
Marian Shokry
marianshokry@agr.asu.edu.eg
3
Mohamed Abdelmegeed
m_mgeed@yahoo.com
4
Dept. of Plant Protection
Dept. of Plant Protection, Fac., Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Plant Pathology Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Plant Protection Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Squash is one of the important crops of the cucurbits family and powdery mildew causes less yield every year, Strobilurin group are common fungicides used to control powdery mildew disease. In addition, Strobilurin is more safe for humans and the environment because it is derived from a natural fungicidal source (the production of the active ingredients are achieved by wood-rotting of Strobilurus tenacellus). Strobilurin contains a group of active ingredients that control various diseases such as powdery and downy mildew on cucumber, grapes, and watermelon, early blight and late blight on tomatoes and potatoes, scab on apple and others. This study focuses on the effectiveness of protective and curative applications of Azoxystrobin as one of the active ingredients of Strobilurin group alone and mixtures against powdery mildew on squash. The induction of resistance of plants against powdery mildew by using KH2PO4 and K2HPO4, protective and curative applications. The tested compounds against powdery mildew on squash at protective method were Azoxystrobin mixture with Difenoconazole 83.3%, Azoxystrobin mixture with Tebuconazole 76.6% , Azoxystrobin alone 70.7% , Difenoconazole 62.3% , Tebuconazole 55.9%, K2HPO4 16.7% and KH2PO4 10.8%. The curative effectiveness of the tested products against powdery mildew on squash was as follows Azoxystrobin mixture with Difenoconazole 69.3% > Azoxystrobin mixture with Tebuconazole 61.2% > Azoxystrobin alone 57.6% > Difenoconazole 44.2% > Tebuconazole 42.7% > K2HPO4 12.1% > KH2PO4 7.4%. Accordingly, Azoxystrobin alone and its mixtures were most effective against powdery mildew on squash compared to Difenoconazole, Tebuconazole, K2HPO4 and KH2PO4 alone in both protective and curative applications. However the protective method was more effective compared to the curative method and the mixture of Azoxystrobin with Difenoconazole was more effective compared to all tested treatments followed by the mixture of Azoxystrobin with Tebuconazole and both treatments were slightly better or comparable to Azoxystrobin alone. In addition, the foliar application by KH2PO4 and K2hPO4 was inferior in activity to resistant powdery mildew infection under the field conditions.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76163_e8299143d88bf9fa9d86009dda7addc9.pdf
Azoxystrobin
Strobilurin
powdery mildew
curative
protective
cucurbits
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2321
2328
10.21608/ajs.2019.16897.1086
76164
Original Article
EFFECT OF IN OVO NANO-SELENIUM AND GLUTAMINE ON HATCHABILITY, POST-HATCH PERFORMANCE AND SOME BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL INDICES IN JAPANESE QUAIL
Mohamed Sallam
mohamed_sallam@agr.asu.edu.eg
1
Ibrahim El Wardany
ielwardany2010@yahoo.com
2
Sayed Abdel-Fattah
sayedabdelfattah@yahoo.com
3
Gamal El Mallah
gmelmallah@yahoo.com
4
Saad El Din Yassein
saad.yassein@yahoo.com
5
Animal production department, Agricultural and Biological Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
Poultry Production Dept., Faculty of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., P.O. Box 68, Hadayek Shubra 11241, Cairo, Egypt.
Poultry Production Dept., Faculty of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., P.O. Box 68, Hadayek Shubra 11241, Cairo, Egypt.
Animal Production Dept., Agricultural and Biological Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt.
Animal Production Dept., Agricultural and Biological Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt.
A total number of 500 Japanese quail fertile eggs were used to study the effect of in ovo (I O) administration of Nano-Selenium (Nano - Se) and Glutamine (Gln) on hatchability, post hatch performance carcass and some blood biochemical traits. Eggs were divided into five treatments groups and injected just before incubation. The 1 st group was not injected (Negative Control; T 1), the 2 nd one was injected with Bovine Serum Albumin (B S A) (Positive control; T2), the 3 rd group was injected with Nano-Se at 2.5 p p b / egg (T 3), while, the 4 th (T 4) and 5 th (T 5) groups were injected with glutamine at 20 and 10 p p m / egg, respectively. The hatched chicks were distributed according to their treatments and reared up to the 6 th week of age. Parameters such as the hatchability, hatchlings weight, productive performance, carcass traits and some blood biochemical indices were estimated. The I O - Gln at 20 ppm (T 4) significantly improved hatchability, increased the productive performance of post-hatch quails (carcass weight, gizzard and breast muscles percentages) and enhanced the feed conversion ratio (F C R) compared to other groups. Furthermore, I O with Nano - Se (T 3) significantly increased plasma albumin and albumin / globulin (A / G) ratio, and decreased cholesterol and triglycerides levels, while high density lipoprotein (H D L) were significantly increased and low density lipoprotein (L D L) were significantly decreased by I O - Gln (T 4 and T 5). It could be concluded that using the in ovo administration of Nano - Se and Gln concentration for Japanese quail breeder eggs, had no negative effect on hatchability and could improve post-hatched performance carcass traits, particularly using Gln at a dosage of 20 p p m / egg.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76164_e01435e6d928d37447a9789bdea8d60f.pdf
In Ovo
Nano-Selenium
Glutamine
Hatchability
performance
Quail
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2329
2340
10.21608/ajs.2019.16794.1084
76165
Original Article
Sorption of Uranium on Some Natural Modified Clay Mineral Deposits.
huda Refaei
hudaabdelnaby60@gmail.com
1
farida rabea
fareda_rabea@agr.asu.edu.eg
2
Mohamed Elnona
mohamed_elnena@agr.asu.edu.eg
3
Ahmed Morci
ah_morci@hotmail.com
4
Soil Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
ain shams
Soil Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Nuclear Materials Authority, Isotopes Dept., Katameya, Cairo, Egypt
Bentonite and Kaolinite clay sediments - as low cost adsorbents- were prepared, characterized, and tested for uranium removal from uranium rich-soil of Wadi Um Hamad region S.W. Sinai which have total uranium 260 mg/ kg . Some factors that influence the uranium removal efficiency onto clay samples: initial uranium concentrations, contact time and pH were also studied in detail. Modification of clay samples were carried out by acid activation. Results showed that the U adsorption was pH dependent. The maximum U adsorption value was at pH 5 and 6 for bentonite and kaolinite, respectively. In addition, results indicated that temperature had not any influence on the adsorption efficiency. The adsorption capacities of the two minerals after 90 min are almost similar. Our obtained results revealed that by increasing U ions concentrations from 50 mg/L to 200 mg/L adsorption was stable for kaolinite while for bentonite there was slight decrease, after that with increasing in the U (VI) ions concentration the efficiency decreased for both adsorbents. Calcination is more effective in increasing the removal efficiency of bentonite than acid activation. Calcination of the kaolinite (heating the clay at 400oC followed by agitating with 1.5 N HCl) increased that removal efficiency from 42% to 90%. XRD pattern show the destruction of the characteristic diffraction peaks of the kaolinite (7.15 A° and 3.15 A°) at (70oC or 400oC). This is similar to behavior of bentonite, as the acid treatment with HCl has broken its lattice structure more than heating to 400oC. U removal efficiency by bentonite and kaolinite were 95.4% and 90.8%, respectively. Four adsorption isotherm models were tested and revealed that achieved experimental data fitted well with langmuir- model. The uranium adsorption efficiency follow Langmuir isotherm with a capacity 18.68 mg/g for modified kaolinite and 27.4 mg/g for modified bentonite. Comparing the adsorption capacity of both minerals after modification, it could be noticed that, it is almost similar 93% and 90% for bentonite and kaolinite, respectively.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76165_b1ba916a02f87e5286c8d4cbc0c5ecaf.pdf
Uranium
Adsorption
Bentonite
Kaolinite
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2341
2351
10.21608/ajs.2019.17558.1094
76166
Original Article
Environmental Contamination by Heavy Metals and Radioactive Elements in Wadi Nasab and its Surroundings, Southwestern Sinai, Egypt
Ashrf Refaei Ibrahim
ashrafrefaei2@gmail.com
1
Mohamed Elnona
mohamed_elnena@agr.asu.edu.eg
2
Eid Khaled
eid_morssy@agr.asu.edu.eg
3
Nasr Abdelfattah
nasraziz@ymail.com
4
Soil Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Soil Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Soil Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Nuclear Materials Authority, P. O. Box 530 El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt.
Wadi (Valley) Nasab (WN) and its surroundings, is an area of mining located at the southwestern Sinai, Egypt for some heavy metals and radioactive elements from lower carboniferous. This activity represent a source of environmental contamination. This contamination is the main target of this study. Ore material, solid wastes and soil samples were collected from 10 stations. Whereas, plants samples were collected from two types of herb weeds (i.e., Zygophyllum siplex and Haloxylon salicornicum) from WN and its surroundings southwestern of Sinai. The original ore material is chemically consisted of around 50% SiO2, 10.6% Al2O3, 10.2 Fe2O3, 13% (CaO + MgO) and around 10% loss on ignition. This figure means high carbonate and total iron contents. The mineralogic constituents of solid waste are consisted of Quartz, Kaolinite, Jarosite and Gypsum. The milling waste contains 60.2% SiO2, 6.8% Al2O3, 9.4% Fe2O3, 4.7% (CaO + MgO) and 14.8% loss on ignition. The picture of some trace elements is as follow; Cu is 2900 ppm in ore materials and 359 ppm in milling waste. In the same order, Zn is 1865 and 92 ppm, Th is 14 and 26 ppm, U is 346 and 184 ppm, Ra226 is 135 and 179 Bq/ kg. This picture of ore material and milling waste is reflected on the soil profile after the flash flood. The degree of contamination is pronounced in the upstream water of W. Nasab and decrease in the direction of downstream. Thorium (Th) ranged from 5 to 13 ppm at the upstream and from 4 to 5 ppm in the downstream. On the other hand, U ranged from 5 to 9 ppm in the upstream and from 2 to 7 in downstream. The contamination effect is also clear in two types of Herb weeds of WN. Uranium in roots of (Zygophyllum siplex) plant, ranged from 4 to 6 ppm while in roots of (Haloxylon salicornicum) plant was not detected. Also, it was not detected in the vegetable parts of the two herb plants and Th was not detected in roots and the vegetable parts of the two herb plants.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76166_02805399c3164bdbed6d6f32a456dd91.pdf
Solid waste
heavy metal
Radioactive elements
Zygophyllum siplex
Haloxylon salicornicum
eng
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-2675
2636-3585
2019-11-01
27
4
2353
2368
10.21608/ajs.2019.15627.1068
76167
Original Article
THE IMPACT OF IRRIGATION IMPROVEMENT ACTIVITIES ON WATER AND SALT BALANCE FOR THE IRRIGATED LAND IN NEKLA CANAL (EL-BEHIRA GOVERNORATE)
Khaled Shabaan
khaledsha3pan54@gmail.com
1
Talaat Elgamal
elgamalt@yahoo.com
2
Mohamed Galal
mohamed_galal@agr.asu.edu.eg
3
Soil Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
1,2Water Manag. Res. Inst, NWRC-MIWR and 3Soils Dept, Agric. Fac. Ain Shams Univ.
Soil Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain SHams Univ.
Three representative mesqas, i.e. Arfa Mousa at the head, Elafeer2 at the middle and Elbanna at the tail of Nekla canal.Elbehara Gov were selected to evaluate the impact of the implementation of activities and processes of field irrigation system development on crop yield, water saving, water productivity, water and salt balance. Results indicated slight increases in yield of the tested crops either irrigated from head - Arfa Mouse, middle - Elafeer2 or Tail - Elbanna mesqas. The average increases were about 6.98, 5.99 and 7.19% respectively. The average increases in crop water productivity were about 19.9, 19.5 and 20.0 % for crops irrigated from the three mesqas respectively. The average increases in crop water productivity for wheat, rice, Egyptian clover, cantaloupe and watermelon pulp as affected by field irrigation system development were about 15.3, 21.5, 22.9, 18.5 and 20.6% respectively. The average increases in water saving were about 10.8, 11.2 and 10.6 % for crops irrigated from the three tested meqas respectively. The average increases in water saving for wheat, rice, Egyptian clover, cantaloupe and watermelon pulp as affected by field irrigation system development were about 7.36, 12.9, 13.7, 10.6 and 9.88% respectively. Results revealed that the net water balance (NWB) values decreased to about 87.6, 76.7 and 85.5% as affected by field irrigation system development relatve to values before development equal to 100 for wheat, rice and Egyptian clover respectively under irrigation from Arfa Mousa mesqa at the head of Nekla canal. Similar results were also observed for wheat, rice and Egyptian clover irrigated from Elafeer2 at middle, and Elbanna mesqa at tail of Nekla canal. The average amount of salts added into soil cultivated with wheat, rice, Egyptian clover, cantaloupe and watermelon pulp were 800, 2350, 1255, 848 and 454 kg/Fad respectively before and 702, 1939, 1026, 719 and 388 kg/Fad after field irrigation system development. The average amount of salts removed from soil cultivated with wheat, rice, Egyptian clover, cantaloupe and watermelon pulp were 722, 2456, 1337, 802 and 454 kg/Fad respectively before development and 567, 2887, 591, 598 and 309 kg/Fad after field irrigation system development. It could be concluded that field irrigation system development has a positive effect on water saving, crop yield, water productivity and reducing salt accumulation in crop growth medium because field irrigation system development prevent seepage and weed growth increases in the developed mesqas and made water available all the time in the mesqa.
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_76167_e1369b272b3dfbae3e927cc1f6d8ab9b.pdf
Impact of irrigation improvement
Nekla Canal
Activities on water and salt balance