AN ECONOMIC STUDY OF OLIVE CROP IN EGYPT
A
Abd Almksod
Agricultural Economics Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shobra Elkhema, Cairo
author
Abeer
Kinawy
Agricultural Economics Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shobra Elkhema, Cairo
author
H.E
Seddik
Agricultural Economics Department, Higher Institute of Agricultural Cooperation, Shobra El-Khema, Cairo
author
text
article
2007
eng
Despite of the great healthy advantages of ol-ive crop whereas it protects human from arterio-sclerosis, heart diseases and blood cycle diseases, the interest of the Egyptian consumer to buy and use it is weak, except in its production regions. This is, because the Egyptian consumer is not used to it and because of its high prices which vary from L.E 12 to 18 per kilogram for the good varie-ties and from L.E 20 to 30 per kilogram for excel-lent varieties, and in the shadow of the decrease in the produced amounts from cotton seed oil due to the recent decrease in cotton production and there is no main source in enough degree to depend on, to restrict our imports from oil in general and from olive oil in particular. The problem of research is restricted in recognizing the nature of olive crop market in Egypt and also the status quo of food gap from it, and out of this standpoint, the re-search aimed at analyzing the current structure of production and consumption of olive crop and olive oil and also the structure of its foreign trade along with shading a light on the relative ad-vantages of this crop, and the competitive situation of the Egyptian olive in the international market. And for achieving research aims, the inductive method was depended on, in the economic analy-sis and also econometric methods were used, also the scientific references and obtaining the neces-sary data of analysis from different resources dur-ing the period (1991–2004) were depended on. The analysis results showed that there is a signifi-cant increase in evolution of total area, production area, productivity, and production of olive during study period. In regard to the most important gov-ernorates in olive production, it is shown that Fay-oum governorate occupied the first grade in re-garding cultivated area followed by Matrouh, North Sinai, Nobaria, Ismaelia and Cairo respec-tively during 2004, while Matrouh governorate occupied the first grade in regarding production area and followed by Fayoum, Nobaria, North Sinai, Giza and Ismaelia respectively, but from the productivity respect, El Behira occupied the first grade and followed by Bennisweef, Giza and Monofia respectively. And by studying some indi-cators of food gap of olive and olive oil in Egypt, it is shown from analysis that there is a significant increase in evolution of oil consumption and the increasing rate of the annual consumption is slightly equals its counterpart related to production evolution, i.e. more than 95% of national produc-tion is directed basically to consumption. In regard to studying some foreign trade indicators of olive crop and olive oil in Egypt during the period (1990 – 2004), it is shown from analysis that there is an oscillation in the amount and value of olive oil exports up and down during the first and sec-ond stages of the study and this appears from the suitability of the cubic figure to express the evolu-tion of both. By studying average export price of olive oil, it is shown that there was a statistical significant decrease during the study period. As for the import price, there was an oscillation along
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
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2007
217
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https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14817_81359bc989010aa6fc1560e1316b33dd.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14817
ECONOMIC STUDY OF DETERMINING FACTORS FOR RECYCLING SOME FARM RESIDUES
M
Gad
Central Laboratory for Design and Statistical Analysis Research, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
S
Eissa
Central Laboratory for Design and Statistical Analysis Research, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
This study aims at clarifying the most important factors that control using and recycling of farm residues. Also, determining the contribution of these factors in the quantity used or recycled by the farmer. The results showed that, the most im-portant factors for amount percentage of wheat straw used as forage, were number of farm ani-mals, price of green forage/ ton and straw stores which together accounted for 78% of the amount percentage. On the other hand, the most important factors for sold quantity of wheat straw were number of farm animals and transporting means which together accounted for 51% in that amount. The study showed also that the most important factors of the recycled amount of rice straw werecosts of recycling rice straw to forage and fertiliz-er, price of compost/ ton and price of nitrogen fertilizers/ ton. These factors together accounted for 88% of the total variability of the recycled amount. The most import contributing factors in the amount of maize straw recycled to silage were straw recycling costs, number of farm animals and extension. These factors contributed to 87% in that recycled amount. The most contributing factors in the cotton straw used as fuel were number of fami-ly members and oil fuel used. These two factors accounted for 66% of variation of straw amount. The study recommends that establishment of agri-cultural policy is necessary to get rid of farm resi-dues using modern technology i.e recycling of farm residues to reduce environment pollution and to develop the agricultural sector to achieve sus-tainable agricultural development.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
250
235
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14826_08d419d437f8de0b6e66cef4f2d5443d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14826
EFFECTS OF PLANTING DATE ON WATER REQUIREMENTS OF MAIN VEGETABLE CROPS IN SAUDI ARABIA
J
Basahi
Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management-Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, K.S.A.
author
text
article
2007
eng
The effects of planting date on the evapotran-spiration (ETC) were studied for Tomato, Egg-plant, Squash, Cucumber, Carrot, Potato, Onion, and Watermelon, in Riyadh, Makkah, Njran, Al-Qassim, Eastern region, Tabuk, Al-Jouf, Aseeir, Al-Madenah, Hail and Jazan Regions based on the crop pattern in each region. The ETC of each crop was estimated based on Penman-Monteith Equa-tion. The results showed that the ETC for crops planted in January, February, March, April or Maywere higher than those crops planed in September, October, November, or December. The average ETC was higher when planting date was closer to summer months (June, July and August). Also, the results showed differences in ETC among the dif-ferent regions. The ETC in Al-Madenah region was higher than the other regions for Tomato and Eggplant. While, Riyadh region had the highest ETC values compared with the other regions for Squash, Cucumber, Carrot, Potato, Onion, and Water melon
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
253
268
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14829_69eda3d68e5a4d107032dd3db4276177.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14829
EFFECT OF DRIPPER DISCHARGE ON PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF CABBAGE AND ITS NITROGEN CONTENT UNDER MAKKAH REGION CONDITIONS
J
Basahi
Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, K.S.A.
author
Gh
Noor
Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, K.S.A
author
text
article
2007
eng
A two years (2002/2003, 2003/2004) study was conducted at Hada Al-Sham Agriculture Re-search Station, Makkah Region (King Abdulaziz University) to determine the effects of three dif-ferent dripper discharges (0.5, 1, and 2 gph) on cabbage production, characteristics of its part and its nitrogen contents in whole plant and its parts. Results show a significant increase in Copenhagen variety production (38.5 tone/ha) as compared to Bronzweek Variety (30.2 tone/ha). Also, the drip-per discharge significantly affected the cabbage production, characteristics of head, stem, root or leaves area, whereas cabbage production and char-acteristics of all plant parts (head, stem, root and leaves area) were reduced with the increase in dripper discharge more than 0.5 gph, however, the reduction was not significant between discharges of 1 and 2 gph. The cabbage production were 44.3, 29.7 and 28.9 tone/ha for dripper discharges of 0.5, 1 and 2 gph, respectively). In addition, the interaction between season and variety had only significant effects on root length. Also, there were significant effects for the interaction between dripper discharge and season on cabbage produc-tion and root length. Results also showed that first season (2003) produced cabbage plant significant-ly higher than the second season (2004) in nitro-gen content for both whole plant (2.72% and 2.45% for first and second season, respectively) and head (3.63% and 2.72% for first and second season, respectively). Also, Copenhagen variety significantly outweighs Bronzweek variety on nitrogen content in whole plant (2.88% and 2.30% for Copenhagen variety and Bronzweek variety, respectively), leaf (2.69% and 2.16% for Copen-hagen variety and Bronzweek variety, respective-ly), and stem (2.72% and 2.08% for Copenhagen variety and Bronzweek variety, respectively). On the other hand, the increase in dripper discharge more than 0.5 gph resulted significant reduction in nitrogen content for whole plant (3.10%, 2.44% and 2.22% for dripper discharges of 0.5, 1 and 2 gph, respectively) and its parts (head, stem and leaves) whereas the dripper with less discharge (0.5 gph) outweigh the higher discharge drippers (1 and 2 gph). However, the increase of dripper discharge from 1 gph to 2 gph had only significant reduction in the nitrogen content of head. The re-sults also show that interaction between season and variety had only significant effects on nitro-gen content in whole plant. There were also signif-icant effects for the interaction between season and drip discharge on nitrogen content of whole plant and its leaf.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
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2
no.
2007
269
282
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14832_2789dab60bac1f4e0da0c650059d21dd.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14832
A PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF THE HOVERFLIES INSECTS (SYRPHIDAE, DIPTERA) IN DEIR-EZZOR, EASTERN SYRIA FAUNISTICS STUDY
M
Idraw
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Alfurat University, Deir Ezzor , Syria
author
text
article
2007
eng
The hoverflies insect species are considered the most economic pollinators of various flowers, the adult visitors feed on nectar and pollen. Many of syrphid survivors are voracious aphid feeders in their larval instars and are considered greatest bio-control agent. They are beneficial insects when estimating the damage of pest control is consid-ered. In spite of their great economic importance, no progress has been estimated on taxonomy and biology of these insects in Syria. A surveillance studies of such flies were carried out in three loca-tions (Agroecosystems) in Deir-Ezzor, Eastern Syria during March-July 2006, based on number of captured adults. Yellow dish traps were used, and 12 spieces were identified and counted. This study will be an applicable addition to the availa-ble knowledge about the Syrian fauna.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
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2
no.
2007
285
290
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14838_cbe1535c849adfdad9ff59977433518c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14838
THE EFFICIENCY OF SOME PLANT EXTRACTS FOR CONTROLLING MALACOSOMA neustria (L). (LEPIDOPTERA : LASIOCAMPIDAE)
Aswad
Al-Mhemid
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alfurat University, Deir-Ezzor, Syria
author
text
article
2007
eng
Laboratory experments and field traits were carried out on the efficiency of selected three con-centrations of each Garlic Gard extract and a mix-ture of chili oil of mustard extract (Valoram) based on fourth instar larvae of the insect. Garlic Gard extract was used in a concentrations of: 1 cm3/L, 0.5 cm3/L and 0.25 cm3/L. The mortality percentages were: 87.5 %, 83.3 % and 66.6 % respectively. The mixture of chili extract and oil of mustard extract was used in a concentrations of : 2 cm3/L, 1 cm3/L and 0.5 cm3/L The mortality per-centages were : 100%, 100% and 73% respect-tively. Garlic Gard extract when used in a field with concentrations of : 8 cm3/L, 6 cm3/L and 4 cm3/L mortality percentages were: 23.3%, 3.3% and 3.3% respectively, and for pupation were : 83.3 %, 49.9% and 36.6% respectively, also the mixture of chili extract and oil of mustard was used in a concentrations of: 20 cm3/L, 10 cm3/L and 7 cm3/L the mortality percentage: 46.6%, 6.6% and 6.6% respectively. And for pupation: 89.9%, 83.3% and 66.6% respectively. Laboratory experiments showed that the mixture of chili ex-tract and of mustard oil was highly effective against insect and more effective than Garlic Gard extract. Field traits showed that both Garlic Gard extract and the mixture of chili extract, and oil of mustard showed repellent effect and Killer materi-als to insects. The mortality percentage was high in using Valoram in comparison with Garlic Gard.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
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2
no.
2007
291
299
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14840_2a6616d549d18f0665178948cd620a84.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14840
MONITORING THE EFFECT OF SOME INSECTICIDES FOR CORN STEM BORER CONTROL, AT DEIR EZ-ZOR REGION, SYRIA
M
Idraw
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, University of Al-Furat,
Deir Ez-Zor, Syria
author
E.
Al-Jouri
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, University of Al-Furat,
Deir Ez-Zor, Syria
author
text
article
2007
eng
The corn stem borers larvae (species Sesamia cretica Led., Sesamia nonagrioides Lef. and Os-trinia nubilalis (Hübner)) are considered the major pests attacking Zea mays L. The larvae bore into stems and ears which cause a significant decrease of both quantity and quality of yield. This research was completed at Eastern region of Syria during 2004 and 2005 corn growing season, aiming to control these corn borer species with some insec-ticides; Avaunt 150SC (Indoxacarb 150 g / L),Sumialpha 5EC (Esfenvalerate 50 g / L), Proclaim 05SG (Emamectin benzoate 50 g / Kg), Comply 25WP (Fenoxycarb 205 g / Kg) and Agerin 6.5WP (Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki 32000 IU / Mg). The results showed that in corn attacked by Sesa-mia cretica, Sesamia nonagrioides and Ostrinia nubilalis the infested rate reached up to 38 % on stems and 18.5 % on ears at control plots. Results also showed high efficacy of insecticides Avaunt 150SC, Sumialpha 5EC, Proclaim 05SG, Comply 25WP and Agerin 6.5WP in reducing the infested rate in stems to about 6, 8.1, 11.5, 13.5 and 21.2 %, respectively. And to about 4.5, 6.1, 7.2, 7.9 and 11.1 % in ears by Avaunt 150SC, Sumialpha 5EC, Proclaim 05SG, Comply 25WP and Agerin 6.5WP, respectively. These results gave rise to a positive increase in the yield of corn seeds.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
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2
no.
2007
301
312
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14841_35a60c91a9766023edccaeb863eddb50.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14841
BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME YEAST ISOLATES
A.
Abulhamd
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
author
M
Mokhtar
The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
author
Rasha
Farrag,
The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
Sixteen yeast isolates from various sources in-cluding molasses, foodstuffs, concentrated juices and soils were identified using simplified API 20 C AUX yeast identification system and random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR). The isolates were found to belong to 11 species; Candida famata, C. glabra-ta, C. krusei / inconspicua, C. norvegensis, C. col-liculosa, Cryptococcus humicolus, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Kloeckera spp., Geotrichum capita-tum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. API and RAPD-PCR proved to be useful and convenient taxonomic tools for rapid identification at the spe-cies level, proving that at least two techniques are needed for precise identification. RAPD-PCR pro-cedure is faster than traditional characterization techniques; the identification of a single colony was typically achieved in less than 10 hr.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
315
324
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14843_8aa122e56ae7bfcb7b741117ace6995d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14843
MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI ISOLATED FROM EGYPTIAN ENVIRONMENT
Mona
Zayed
Microbiology Dept.. Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shobra El-Kheima, Cairo
2-Unit of Biofertiliz., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shobra El-Kheima, Cairo
author
Sh
Selim
1-Microbiology Dept.. Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shobra El-Kheima, Cairo
2-Unit of Biofertiliz., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shobra El-Kheima, Cairo
author
Wedad
Eweeda
1. Microbiology Dept.. Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shobra El-Kheima, Cairo
2. Unit of Biofertiliz., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shobra El-Kheima, Cairo
author
M
Ali
Plant Pathology Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shobra El-Kheima, Cairo
author
A
Hazem
Microbiology Dept.. Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shobra El-Kheima, Cairo
author
text
article
2007
eng
In a trial to isolate and identify ectomycorrhi-zal fungi for the first time in Egypt 13 sporocarpes associated with rang of plants grown on Egyptian soils were collected, to be used for this purpose. Fungal isolates were obtained from collected spo-rocarpes and tested for ectomycorrhiza formation with Bauhinia sp. and Pinus seedlings. The paper sandwich technique was used for simultaneous inoculation of root apices Bauhinia to produce synchronously developing ectomycorrhizas. Typi-cal ectomycorrhizal roots were obtained within 14 days after inoculation with the collected strains. The isolates tested for ectomycorrhiza formation with Pinus sp. to ensure their identity by for-mation of distinct root characteristics on this host. Root colonization levels varied markedly among the tested fungal strains with respect to growth enhancement and NPK uptake of Pinus shoots and roots.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
325
335
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14854_f5a7c61864fd7962d99254153c54912d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14854
ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION OF JERSY CATTLE UNDER ARID LAND ENVIRONMENT
H
El-Sobhy
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, P.O.Box 68 Hadayek Shoubra, 11241 CAIRO, EGYPT.
author
N
Al-Qassab
Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdul Aziz University P.O.Box 80208 Jeddah 21589 KSA
author
text
article
2007
eng
The objective of the present study was to eval-uate the effect of using one method of estrus syn-chronization programs on Jersy cattle reproductive performance under arid land environment, by ap-plying a specific doses of prostaglandin F2α (two injections of 5ml for cow), to increase the repro-ductive efficiency of the animals, through regulat-ing time of pregnancy and parturition. Forty non-pregnant, healthy cows were taken randomly from the original stock of Hada Al Sham Research sta-tion which belong to king Abdul Aziz University and were classified into two groups, treatment and control groups. Results obtained showed that: es-trus synchronization program using two injections of prostaglandin F2α showed that, statistically, there is no significant difference in the plasma progesterone concentration between treated and control groups. Jersy cows treated with prosta-glandin F2α showed estrus in a shorter period compared to the control group. The percentage of animals showed estrus was 75 ٪ in treated group, compared with 65% in control group which showed 84 ٪. The pregnancy rate in treated group was 86.66 ٪, versus 69.23٪ in the control group. Service period length (SPL) was 97 days for the treatedgroup, compared to 104 days for the control group. There is a significant (P0.01) difference in the plasma progesterone concentration between both groups during pregnancy, which was higher in the treated group.- The differences in the plasma progesterone con-centration between both groups after parturition were not significant. Estrus synchronization in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia under arid land environment was considered as an application of new technology to improve reproductive effi-ciency of animals, and to regulate time of breed-ing and parturition in the herd. This will lead to a great important in the management of the ani-mal production branches.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
339
346
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14902_472133b269630dc48602687ea5cecd6e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14902
EFFECT OF CROP ROTATIONS AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON YIELD, YIELD COMPONENTS AND ASSOCIATED WEEDS IN COTTON
S
Toaima
Field Crops Research Institute, Crop Intensification Research Dep., ARC, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
This study was conducted at Sids Experimental Research Station, Beni Suief Governorate, starting from year 2000 to study the effect of rotation dura-tion (every year, 2- year rotation and 3- year rota-tion) and nitrogen fertilizer rates; 45, 60 and 75 kg N/ fed on growth, yield components and yield of cotton, as well as associated weeds. A split plot design was used with four replicates. The data indicated that crop rotation had significant effect on plant height, number of fruiting branches/ plant, number of open bolls, seed cotton yield/ plant and seed cotton yield/ fed. Seed cotton yield/ fed was increased by 10.99 and 23.62 % when 2-year and 3-year rotations were applied, compared to 1-year rotation (average of both seasons). In-creasing N- fertilization up to 60 kg N/ fed caused significant increases in all studied traits. The best estimate of yield (Y) plotted against N rate (X) for annually rotated cotton was the linear equation of Y =2.44 + 0.074x (R2 =0.81). Two years rotation showed a quadratic association with increasing the N rate, R2 = 0.86 and 0.88, respectively. The high-est values of total fresh weeds were 2.85 and 2.60 kg/ m2 (broad and grassy weeds) when 1-year ro-tation was applied, while the lowest values were 1.50 and 1.35 kg/ m2 when 3-year rotation was applied in the first and second season, respective-ly.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
349
359
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14907_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14907
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT NITROGEN LEVELS ON PRODUCTIVITY OF THREE MAIZE HYBRIDS FERTIGATION
M
Hassanein
Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza- Egypt
author
M
Abdrabbo
Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza- Egypt
author
A
Farag
Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza- Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
Two field experiments were conducted in 2004 and 2005 seasons at El-Bosaily farm located at Beharia Governorate, Egypt, to study the effect of three nitrogen levels 60, 120 and 180 kg/feddan applied into irrigation water "fertigation" with drip irrigation system on vegetative growth, nutrient content (N, P and K) in leaves and grain and yield of three maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids (Single Cross 10, Three Way Cross 310 and Three Way Cross 324). The experiment design was a split plot with three replications where nitrogen fertilizer levels were distributed in the main plots and maize hybrids allocated in sub plots. The obtained results indicate that the increase of nitrogen level up to 180 kg /fed significantly increased plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area index, grain yield and straw weight. Single Cross 10 gave the significant highest vegetative growth and grain yield comparing with the other hybrids. The high-est nitrogen level (180 kg /fed) combined with Single Cross 10 gave the significantly highest grain yield and straw weight. On the other hand, 60 kg N / fed gave the highest nitrogen use effi-ciency (NUE) value followed by 120 kg N / fed The regression analysis of nutrition content (N, P, and K %) between leaf and grain was estimated. The highest regression determination coefficient (r2) was found in nitrogen percentage with r2= 0.965 followed by potassium with r2= 0.936. The lowest r2 was found in phosphorus with r2= 0.872.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
361
368
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14923_1fa6dab819e64c741942ed2c0c398672.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14923
EFFECT OF DIETARY ZINC, COPPER AND IRON LEVELS ON SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE, CATALASE AND GLUTATHIONE-S- TRANSFERASE ACTIVITY
Abeer
El-Dakak
Special Food and Nutrition Dept., Food Technology Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
Mona
Ahmed
Special Food and Nutrition Dept., Food Technology Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
Dalia
El-Nahal
Special Food and Nutrition Dept., Food Technology Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
The interactions between dietary zinc, copper and iron and their effects on antioxidant enzymes activity [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST)] were examined. Fifty-four rats weighting approximately between 80-100 grams were divided into nine groups (E1- E9). Each group containing six rats was fed on basal diet with varying amount of Zn (2.5, 35 or 175 mg Zn/kg diet), Cu (1.2, 6.3, or 25 mg Cu/kg diet) and Fe (10, 50 or 230 mg Fe/kg diet). The second group (E2) was fed a diet defi-cient in all studied elements (2.5mg Zn, 1.2mg Cu, and 10mg Fe per 1 kg diet). The results of E2 showed a decrease in SOD and CAT activity and increase GST in plasma erythrocytes and tissues. Moreover, plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive sub-stances (TBARs) and hydrogen peroxide produc-tion in E2 were found to be higher than those in other groups. The high activity of lactic acid de-hydrogenase (LDH) in the plasma indicated that cell membrane damage was occurred. This dam-age was accompanied by elevation of lipid peroxi-dation and in the same time by reduction of SOD and CAT activity. Supplementation of basal diet with the different concentrations of studied miner-als led to improve the activity of antioxidants en-zymes (SOD and CAT) and decrease in TBARs and LDH activity.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
371
382
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14927_fa27b893de4ff4a8531c8eb0f54d9afb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14927
PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF FOLIC ACID AGAINST H2O2 INDUCED-HEPATIC OXIDATIVE STRESS IN AGED RATS
Dalia
El-Nahal
Special Food and Nutration Dept., Food Technology Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
Abeer
El-Dakak
Special Food and Nutration Dept., Food Technology Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
Mona
Ahmed
Special Food and Nutration Dept., Food Technology Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
The protective effect of folic acid (FA) on he-patic oxidative stress in aged rats exposed to oxi-dative stress by supply drinking water with 1% H2O2 (v/v) was studied. Rats were divided into two groups, the first group was considered as standard one (F1) which was fed on basal diet and administrated 1 mg FA/ Kg body weight (BW) daily by stomach tube without addition H2O2 in drinking water. The second group was divided into five subgroups, the first subgroup was the control (F2) which fed on basal diet free from folic acid (FF) with 1 % H2O2 in the drinking water, while other groups from F3 to F6 were adminis-trated different concentrations of folic acid (1, 20, 40 and 80 mg FA/ Kg BW), respectively. Weight gain, total feed intake, feed efficiency, liver weight and its relative weight were estimated. Bi-ochemical assay: activity of antioxidant enzymes system such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), cata-lase (CAT); lipid peroxidation level as malondial-dehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxidase (H2O2); and liver functions [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phos-phatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)], were determined. Additionally, total protein (TP), al-bumin, globulin, A/G ratio, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin; and kidney functions [creatinine, urea, and uric acid]; and lipid profile as [total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides] were also, carried out. The obtained results showed accumulated weight gain which significantly increased in rats group administrated 40 and 80 mg/ Kg BW/d folic acid. No changes in relative liver weight among tested rat groups were recorded. No significant difference was observed in lipid profile, LDH and SOD between groups (F1 and F6). Data also indi-cated that F1 group recorded the best one which was low in MDA and high in CAT, followed by F6. Folic acid showed no effect on kidney func-tions. No histopathological changes were observed in liver of rat groups administered 40 or 80 mg folic acid / Kg BW/d, thus indicating that supple-mentation with high doses of FA had a protective effect from the hepatic oxidative stress in liver of tested rats.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
383
394
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14930_08a69e8db5fe37bb51a7c2f35e2fe5c1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14930
EFFECT OF MICROWAVE POWER ON QUALITY PARAMETERS OF PECTIN EXTRACTED FROM MANGO PEEL
M
Assous
Food Technology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
E
Abd El-Wahab
Food Technology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
K
El-Waseif
Food Technology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
The present study aims to use microwave pow-er to facilitate the extraction of pectin from dried mango peels, and also to explore the effect of power on some quality parameters of the resultant pectin. Chemical composition of dried mango peels ascertained a high percent of total pectin, being 16.01 % (on dry weight basis). With respect to microwave heating, the optimal experimented power was 600W, and 6 minutes as the best short holding time, which gave 12.80 % yield, 86.54% recovery and 77.20% anhydrogalacturonic acid (AGA) of extracted pectin. Comparing to the commercial pectin, the results of some physico–chemical characterstics of isolated pectin, revealed that the pectin isolated by microwave heating from mango peels, being to some extent analogous to the commercial pectin with respect to its qualities, such as high methoxyl pectin, high degree of estri-fication (DE), and high percent of AGA besides its high viscosity, followed by the pectin isolated using the conventional method. Statistical analysis of organoleptic data showed no significant differ-ences between strawberry jam prepared by using commercial pectin and that treated with pectin isolated by microwave heating as affecting their texture, color, taste and preference. Besides, high significant differences were detected between var-ious concentrations of added pectin, with respect to the texture alone. Generally, the utilization of pectin isolated from mango peels using microwave heating in jam processing gave high quality attrib-utes resembling that of the commercial pectin when added to strawberry jam and this would also lead to gain economical benefits.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
395
403
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14950_df326f3e516596165983e57e32db9ea5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14950
AGRONOMIC TRAITS AND PROTEIN PATTERNS FOR SOME PROMISING WHEAT SEMIDWARF MUTANT LINES
Sobieh
.S
Plant Research Dept., Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Egypt
author
M
Abou-Deif
Genetics and Cytology Dept., National Research Centre, 12622 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
Two field experiments were carried out to evaluate six mutant lines having a good agronomic potential comparing with their original varieties Sids5, Sids6 and Sids7. The results showed signif-icant decrease in plant height for all semidwarf mutant lines. The reduction of plant height reached to 19.83% comparing with the original varieties. Some semidwarf mutant lines (line 5-1, line 6-1 and line 7-1) exhibited highly significant values for spike length, number of spikes/plant and grain yield/plant as compared to their original varieties. The original varieties manifested highly significant values for number of grains/spike as compared to their all semidwarf mutant lines. The results indicated that wheat semidwarf mutants of line 5-1, line 6-1 and line 7-1 are promising mu-tant lines, since they gave high grain yield. All studied genotypes were electrophoreticaly ana-lyzed for grain water-soluble proteins. The dis-crimination of such mutant lines and their parental varieties revealed differences in their banding pat-terns and occurrence of genetic variation between such genotypes. The electrophoretic analyses of proteins revealed some newly induced bands such as bands with molecular weights of 114.04, 87.82, 41.55 and 11.90 kDa. Such newly bands, which were not existed in the unirradiated varieties, may be originated from gamma radiation effects. It is expected that gamma rays modified the structure of some genes in the mutant lines, and these modi-fications appeared as absence of protein bands with molecular weights of 72.60 kDa in sids5 and 24.39 kDa in Sids6. The variety Sids7 exhibited the highest numbers of new protein bands after irradiation. The results revealed positive relations
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
407
414
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14970_3c70648eda6ba69e68e6ab6406bd2c73.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14970
EVALUATION OF CHLORIDE FORM AS A PARTIAL SOURCE FOR POTASSIUM FERTIGATION OF BANANA PLANTS GROWN ON A SANDY SOIL
O
Kh
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra Elkhiema,
Cairo, Egypt
author
H
Abu-Hussin
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra Elkhiema,
Cairo, Egypt
author
A
Ibrahim
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra Elkhiema,
Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
A field experiment was carried out in sandy soil to elucidate the possibility of using chloride form as a partial source for potassium in fertiga-tion of banana plants grown on a sandy soil. Growth, fruit yield and quality as well as plant nutritional status and Cl accumulation within both plant leaves and rhizosphere beside an economical elucidation were taken in to consideration to ac-complish such evaluation. Eleven gradual increas-ing KCl: KNO3 (0:100 - 100:0) ratios were applied with maintaining the concentration of all macro and micro nutrients except Cl constant. Obtained data indicated that increasing Cl existence didn’t adversely affect plant growth under this experi-ment. Treatments of 10:90 followed by 50:50 as well as 70:30 followed by 80:20 and either 90:10 or 10:90 (KCl:KNO3) were most stimulating treatments for increasing pseudo stem diameter and leaves number, respectively. Although total fruit yield bunch as well as number and length of fingers are less sensitive to increasing KCl:KNO3 ratio, number of hands/bunch and diameters of fingers were significantly and positively affected by increasing KCl existence. Treatment of 80:20 KCl:KNO3 was the most significant superior one for all measured fruit yield parameters. Although Cl content increased significantly in banana leaves and root surrounding area with increasing Cl ex-istence in the fertigation solutions, recorded con-tents seemed to be in safe ranges whereas no chlo-ride necroses symptoms were appeared at banana leaves. Contents of N, P and K as well as Cl in plant leaves were significantly, although in fluctu-ating manner, affected by increasing chloride oc-currence in fertigation solution. The encountered response of N, P and K contents seemed to be not only a resultant of increasing Cl occurrence in the root media but also as a reflection to changing the N form (NH4 and urea) compensating N-NO3 de-cline in the fertigation solutions having high Cl concentrations. The relatively high supplements of Cl (80:20 followed by 70:30 KCl: KNO3) recorded the highest economical net return. It could be con-cluded that KCl can be perfectly used in fertigat-ing banana plants grown on sandy soils. To in-crease safety of using chloride under such condi-tions, more work could be suggested particularly what concerns with calculating irrigation and leaching water requirements to prevent chloride accumulation in the root zone.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
417
429
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14979_4cad1fda32652d9f3817af96e5d19b94.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.14979
EFFECT OF POULTRY MANURE AND NITROGEN BIO-FERTILIZER (NITROBEN) ON GROWTH, YIELD AND CHEMICAL CONTENTS OF SQUASH PLANTS
A
El-Bassiony
Vegetable Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
author
Z
Fawzy
Vegetable Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
author
S
Saleh
Horticulture Technology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
Two field experiments were carried out during the two successive seasons of 2005 and 2006 at Banha (Qalubia Governorate) to study the effect of three rates of poultry manures (50, 75 and 100 N unit/fed.) and the biofertilizer nitrogen (nitroben) on growth, yield, quality and chemical composi-tion of squash. Obtained data showed that using 100 N unit/fed. from poultry manure gave the highest vegetative growth characters, yield and quality. Application 100 N unit/fed. from poultry manure also increased the nitrogen percentage and heavy metals in squash tissues. In addition, using nitroben biofertilizer gave the highest vegetative growth characters, yield, quality and nitrogen per-centage. On the contrary, nitroben biofertilizer reduced the heavy metals in squash tissues
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
431
439
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15268_1cfa3d022fc55df1651f6f9fb7215eed.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.15268
INFLUENCE OF VESICULAR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAE, NK FERTILI-ZATION RATES AND FOLIAR APPLICATION OF MICRONUTRIENTS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF POTATOES
S
EL-Haddad
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
EL
Awad
Horticultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
This work was carried out in two successive summer plantations of 2004 and 2005 on potatoes cv. Spunta at Abou Awad village , Aga, Dakahlia Governorate, to study the influence of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi , nitrogen and potassium fertilization at rates of 50, 75 and 100% of recommended rate / fed. with foliar spraying of micronutrients (Fe150 , Zn 75, and Mn 75 ppm) and their interactions on plant growth , yield and its components, as well as chemical composition .Application of the tested rates of nitrogen and the potassium induced significant increase in vegetative characteristics (plant height, foliage fresh and foliage dry weight) total tuber yield (t/fed) , number of tubers/plant and tuber weight/plant, tuber dry matter , starch and nitrate content in tuber, as well as N,P and K concentra-tions in the leaves and micronutrients in the leaves (Fe, Mn and Zn) in both seasons.Similarly, plant height, chlorophyll content, fo-liage fresh and dry weights , total yield (t/fed), number of tubers , tuber weight/ plant, tuber dry weight , starch and nitrate content in tuber, NPK concentration in leaves and tubers , micronutrient content (Fe, Zn and Mn) in leaves gave the highest values with inoculation by VA Mycorrhizal fungi and some micronutrients .The interaction between NK, VAM fungi and micronutrient gave the highest values of vege-tative growth characteristics, number of tu-bers/plant, NPK in leaves and tubers and micronu-trients (Zn and Mn) in leaves when potatoes was fertilized with 100% NK of the recommended rate and inoculate with VAM fungi plus foliar spraying by micronutrients (Fe, Zn and Mn).as well as total yield (t/fed), tuber weight/plant, tuber dry weight, starch content in tuber , Mn and Zn in leaves, while The lowest content of nitrate in tubers was found when plants were applied with 50 (%) NK of recommended rate with inoculation by VA My-corrhizal fungi.Generally, the best results were obtained when potato received 75 % of NK of the recommended rate, inoculated by VA Mycorrhizal fungi and sprayed with micronutrients at dose of Fe 150, Mn 75 and Zn 75 ppm. This treatment resulted in the highest total tuber yield and its components and reduced chemical fertilizer inputs.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
441
454
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15271_6ad79d75b826747d16f3e5a4db34d154.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.15271
MANAGEMENT OF BROWN ROT DISEASE OF POTATO
S
Mahmoud
Plant Path. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Centre, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
Different applications [various potato cultivars, chemical fertilizers, bioagents and chemical in-ducers] were used for controlling brown rot dis-ease of potato. Potato cultivars namely Diamant, Desiree, Herms, Lady Joy, Lady Rossetta, Nicola, Spunta and Valor were variably susceptible to Ralstonia solanacearum, the causal pathogen of brown rot disease. Herms cultivar was the least susceptible. Application of ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, Urea, and calcium superphos-phate to infested soil as a single amendment re-duced disease incidence. Application of calcium superphosphate was the most effective treatment. The bioagents Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseu-domonas putida and Bacillus subtilis were effec-tive in controlling disease when were used sepa-rately and Pseudomonas putida was the most effi-cient. Foliar spraying with different inducers sin-gly [salicylic acid, di-potassium hydrogen phos-phate and tri-potassium phosphate] reduced the disease incidence. Tri-potassium phosphate was the most effective against the disease. Therefore, a management programme was suggested including cultivar Herms, calcium superphosphate, Pseudo-monas putida and tri-potassium phosphate, as in-tegrated treatment. Rotation of these agents showed high effectiveness to disease control as well on the yield increase.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
457
463
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15273_3805a22ea317daadc9398fdf69f39f15.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.15273
EFFECT OF ABIOTIC AND BIOTIC TREATMENTS ON BACTERIAL ANGULAR LEAF SPOT AND PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF CUCUMBER
S
Mahmoud
Plant Path. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Centre, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
Bacterial angular leaf spot disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans is one of the most important foliage disease of cucumber. The present work was planned to control the dis-ease using six inducers i.e. salicylic acid, cobalt sulphate, di-basic potassium phosphate, lithium chloride, potassium silicate and tri-potassium phosphate, in addition two bioagents named Pseu-domonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis were applied as foliar treatments to induce systemic resistance in cucumber plants against bacterial angular leaf spot disease. The most effective in-ducers were salicylic acid, dibasic potassium phosphate and lithium chloride, respectively. On the other hand, Bacillus subtilis was least effective one followed by potassium silicate and Ps. fluo-rescens, respectively. While, tri-potassium phos-phate, cobalt sulphate were moderate in this re-spect. Efficacy of used inducers prolonged about till six weeks after treatment.The inducers were shown to increase phenolic compounds of cucumber leaves, whereas after two weeks of treatment up to six weeks, free and total phenol in the treated plants showed higher amounts than those in the untreated ones. Another trend was obtained with conjugated phenol. A positive correlation had been noticed between ef-ficacy of inducers and accumulated amounts of free and total phenol in cucumber leaves, i.e. the higher inducer efficacy the higher free and total phenol accumulation.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
465
471
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15276_89652a76a6c57167d708b8fbdb350fe2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.15276
TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED CONTROL OF SESAME (SESAMUM INDICUM L.) CHARCOAL ROT CAUSED BY MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA (TASSI) GOID
M
Ibrahim
Department of Geological and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Education, University of Suez Canal, Al-Arish, Egypt
author
A
Abdel-Azeem
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Suez Canal, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
Soil solarization in combination with fungal antagonists and soil amendments has been sub-jected to evaluation as a potential disease man-agement strategy for the control of charcoal rot of sesame caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. Solarization alone or in combination with Trichoderma pseudokoningii and Emericella nidulans singly or in mixed inocula reduces dis-ease incidence from 30 % (control) to 80%, 91 %, 82 % and 85% respectively. It is noted that while pairing improved the biocontrols potentiality of E. nidulans by increasing the number of healthy plants in both unsolarized and solarized soils it leads to decrease in the biocontrol potentiality of T. pseudokoningii. On the other hand the combina-tion of solarization with soil amendment with Eu-calyptus powdered leaves showed a synergistic effect by increasing number of healthy plants from 65 % in amended unsolarized soil to 77 % in amended solarized soil.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
473
481
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15282_8888ce8f118464e929a786412439bf2c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.15282
MYCOBIOTA OF SOLARIZED AND UNSOLARIZED CUCUMBER SOILS AND ROLE OF SOLARIZATION IN CONTROLLING OF SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM (LIB.) de BARY UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS
M
Ibrahim
Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Suez Canal University, Al-Arish, Egypt
author
A
Abdel-Azeem
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
Soil mycoflora play an important role in agri-cultural economy of a country. The current study was made to have the knowledge about soilborne fungi associated with cucumber crop in solarized and unsolarized soils. Solarization exerted various effects, some of which are biological, others are chemical and still others are physical. All together these changes affected directly or indirectly the mycoflora of the soil, especially the soilborne pathogenic ones. Forty-nine fungal species belong to thirty genera have been isolated from solarized and unsolarized soils. The diversity as well as the count was greatly affected by solarization. By comparison of the species lists of the fungal flora of solarized and unsolarized soils it was evident that soil fungi behave differently toward soil solar-ization, while some new species developed e.g. Absidia, Acrophialophora, Talaromyces, Glio-cladium, some remained unaffected e. g. Aspergil-lus, Penicillium, Chaetomium, Botryotrichum, still others disappeared e. g. Acremonium, Cephali-ophora, Eurotium and others. Regarding solariza-tion for controlling white cucumber rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the obtained data clearly show that solarization had led to a marked in-crease in the number of healthy plants up to 72.5%.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
483
492
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15286_fc26e5513c602256d12969a3ab2e32a6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.15286
MONITORING THE REPRODUCTIVE INDIVIDUALS IN THE ORIENTAL HORNET Vespa orientalis
A
Elbassiouny
Plant Protec. Dep., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
Individuals of the oriental hornet, Vespa orien-talis Fab. were monitored at the apiary of Faculty of Agriculture .Ain Shams University throughout the year of 2006. The individual which was first detected in early spring at the first week of Febru-ary was the mated queens, later during the last week of April workers were appeared. At the first week of September individuals large in size ap-peared which were workers with developed ovary and not a new queen as believed previously. New queens started to appear at the second week of November after about three weeks from appear-ance the drones which appear at the last week of October. The numbers of ovarioles varied from 7 to 8 for each ovary in queens either in spring or in autumn. On the other hand the numbers of ovari-oles were only 7 for each ovary in workers either normal or with developed ovary. The measure-ments of the spermatheca showed no significant differences between all female individuals. The average numbers of spermatozoa in the queen's spermatheca of spring queen hornet were 1.486± 0.370 million spermatozoa and in the new queens who appear in the end of the year, the numbers of spermatozoa recorded 1.343±0.332 million. The counts of spermatozoa in the seminal vesicles of drone hornet recorded 2.336 ± 0.408 million sperms per drone.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
495
511
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15294_0b454d039423e72b0635dc36b03e0dab.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.15294
RESPONSE OF WHEAT PLANTS AND ACCOMPANIED WEEDS TO SOME NEW HERBICIDES ALONE OR COMBINED IN SEQUENCE
I
El-Metwally
Botany Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
author
Kowthar
Rokiek
Botany Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
Weeds represent the most serious problem in wheat in Egypt. For their control, two field exper-iments were carried out during two winter seasons (2004/2005) and (2005/2006) at National Re-search Centre experimental station at Shalakan, Kalubia Governorate. Some groups of herbicides (Dirby, Harmony extra, Granstar, Ecopart, Illoxan, Topic and Arelon) as well as hand weeding and unweeded treatments were evaluated in wheat. In addition, herbicide combinations were also as-sessed. Harmony extra at 24 g / fed. provided ac-ceptable control for broad leaved weeds but failed to control completely narrow-leaved weeds. Topic at 140 g / fed. provided great control of narrow weeds (97.68% reduction in dry weight after 90 days from sowing). Mixtures of both Harmony extra +Topic at rates (18 g / fed. +105 g / fed.) were better than Harmony extra alone for weed control (99.19 % control, 90 days after sowing) and grain yield. Concerning the other herbicides, Granstar + Topic were effective in controlling both broad and narrow weeds. The efficacy of Harmony extra + Illoxan was lower (91.2% con-trol). Overall, Arelon or mixture of Harmony extra +Topic were the most effective treatments with regard to weed control and wheat growth, yield and its attributes. However, no carryover damage with all used herbicides was observed on wheat. Estimating individual amino acids in the yielded grain revealed increase in essential and nonessen-tial amino acids due to single or combined appli-cation of herbicides. Pronounced increase was recorded with Harmony extra and Topic
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
531
525
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15297_292ce158e7f3c6a0e22dff814ab79735.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.15297
EVALUATION OF SOME WATER TRAPS FOR CONTROLLING HAIRY ROSE BEETLE ADULTS, TROPINOTA SQUALIDA SCOP. (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE)
H
Hanafy
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2007
eng
Different coloured plastic buckets (yellow, red, blue and white), filled with water were used as traps for adults of Tropinota squalida Scop. in apple orchards at El-Khatatba (El-Behaira Gover-norate) during seasons 2005 and 2006. The gen-eral mean numbers of adults/ trap were 6.0, 8.1, 14.4 and 24.1 in 2005 and 4.7, 6.7, 10.5 and 18.7 in 2006 seasons for white, red, yellow and blue traps, respectively. The general means for trap efficiency (two seasons) were 9.8, 13.7, 23.2 and 39.3 for white, red, yellow and blue traps, respec-tively. Two groups of white plastic cups, group filled with blue water solution and another group filled with water were used as traps and slung in apple trees. The general mean numbers of adults/trap were 8.1 & 7.5 for blue water solution and 5.8 & 5.2 for water traps during 2005 and 2006, respectively. The general means of trap effi-ciency (two seasons) were 36.8 and 25.9% for the above mentioned traps, respectively
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
527
533
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15305_0b3d62876a4a8d7dbede5206ae3b28b2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.15305
DEVELOPMENT AND REPRODUCTION OF THE TWO PREDATORY MITES EUSEIUS scutalis AND TYPHLODOROMIPS swirskii (ACARI: PHYTOSEIIDAE) AS AFFECTED BY LEAF TEXTURE OF STRAWBERRY PLANTS
Sawsan
Elsawi
Plant protection Department, National Research Centre, 12622 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
author
Mahmoud
Alazzazy
Department of Agricultural Zoology and Nematology, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr city, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2007
eng
The predatory phytoseiid mites Euseius scutal-is (El-Badry) and Typhlodrompis swirskii (Athias–Henriot) successfully developed and reproduced on strawberry leaves, infested with mymphs of the two-spotted spider mite Tetramychus urticae kock as prey, of both Yaeel (smooth slight hairy) and Vantana (rough dense hairy) cultivars indicating a different effect of leaf surface on their behaviour at 27o C and 70% RH.Yaeel leaf was the most appropriate surface and Vantana ones was the least. Longevity was the greatest on Yaeel (31.92 and 28.48 days) and the shortest on Vantana (19.40 and 15.50 days) for each predator, respec-tively. The total number of eggs/ female was 39.00 and 41.34 on Yaeel and 21.02 and 19.68 on Vantana, respectively. Population of the two pred-ators multiply 29.21 and 27.41 in a generation time of 15.78 and 13.93 days on Yaeel, whilst they were (Ro= 14.77 and 14.79) and (T= 14.26 and 12.55 days)on Vantana, respectively. Life table parameters also indicated that the smooth Yaeel leaves are better host-plants for predators in terms rm and erm. Trichomes characteristics on midrib and blade of Yaeel and Vantana strawberry leaves were determined
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
15
v.
2
no.
2007
535
542
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15312_f8868768175b0c3c9b38973948e96019.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2007.15312