ANATOMICAL STUDIES ON WILD SOLANUM TAXA IN EGYPT
Iman
H. Al-Gohary
Plant Taxonomy Unit, Desert Research Center-Matariya, Cairo, Egypt
author
Amaal
H. Mohamed
Botany Department, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
The comparative study on anatomical structure of stems and leaves in 12 wild Solanum taxa re-vealed that the outline of cross sections of stem and petiole, presence or absence of hypodermis, structure of cortex, pericycle and types of steles vary considerably in different studied taxa. It was also evident that other anatomical features of leaf including mesophyll types, arrangement and num-ber of the bundles at the mid-rib region, presence or absence of bundle sheath and idioblast cells as well as the vascular system of petiole are important diagnostic characters in the proposed key for iden-tification. A key including variations in anatomical characters of stems and leaves of the investigated taxa is provided
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
243
253
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14673_22568c002312962f1d77dfd786fc85ac.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14673
INDUCTION OF SOMATIC EMBRYOS AND IMPROVEMENT OF EMBRYOGENIC CALLUS BY TWO TYPES OF SILVER ON DATE PALM (PHOENIX DACTYLEFERA L.)
Rehab
A. Sidky
Central Laboratory of Date Palm Research and Development, Horticulture Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt
author
Aisha
M. Abd El- Kawy
Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo
author
text
article
2008
eng
The response of embryogenic callus of date palm cvs. (Pertomuda and Skooty) was tested on media containing two types of silver (STS and Ag-NO3) alone or combined with 0.25 & 0.5 mg/l 2ip. Addition of STS onto callus induction medium sig-nificantly enhanced embryogenic callus production (both growth and induction). AgNO3 as a heavy metal ion made a stress treatment on callus to proliferation embryos than STS, this proliferation was increased at a low concentration of AgNO3, but in the presence of 2ip gave the opposite trend, the embryos increased at 4 mg/l or 6 mg/l AgNO3 + 0.5 mg/l 2ip and proceeded normally embryos for both Pertomuda and Skooty date palm.Abbreviations: STS = Silver thiosulphate; EC = embryogenic callus; NAA = α-naphthaleneacetic acid and 2ip = N6-2-isopentenyladenine.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
255
263
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14678_a9ee27b4cf601d4b46c814573bb26700.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14678
RESPONSE OF FOLLOWING WINTER CROP SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH TO RICE STRAW EXTRACT AND RESIDUES
Mona
Hamada
Desert Research Institute, El Matariya, Cairo, Egypt.
author
I.I
El-Oksh
Hort. Dept., Agric. Fac., Ain Shames Univ., Shobra El- Khema, Cairo, Egypt
author
M.S
El-Hakeim
Desert Research Institute, El Matariya, Cairo, Egypt
author
M.M.F.
Abdallah
Hort. Dept., Agric. Fac., Ain Shames Univ., Shobra El- Khema, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
The allelopathic potential of rice straw cv. Giza 178 was evaluated on the germination and seed-ling growth of squash, turnip, lentil wheat, Egyptian berseem and flax. Germination percentage and rate of all studied crop seeds were not affected significantly by aqueous extracts of rice straw, ex-cept for the rate of germination of flax which was delayed by increasing the extract concentration. Shoot length of flax was inhibited by 10.2% with 0.1% dilution, but was stimulated for wheat shoot length by5.6% at undiluted extracts. Seedling length of turnip and flax was stimulated by 46.9& 16.2%, respectively¸ with undiluted extracts. Seed-ling growth response depended on the extract concentration. Squash seedling fresh weight was stimulated by 9.3% at undiluted extract. How-ever all other crop seedling fresh weight was not significantly affected.Residues from rice straw placed in pots of sand had no significant effect on the emergence per-centage and rate of all studied crops, except for emergence percentage of Egyptian berseem and wheat which was increased and the rate of emer-gence of turnip and lentil which were delayed by increasing residue concentration. The flax emerged seedling shoot length and lentil seedling length were inhibited by 9.6% and 14.3%¸ respec-tively, in the presence of low rice straw residues as compared with control. The fresh weight of turnip, lentil, squash and wheat emerged seedling were stimulated by 3.3%, 8.4%, 22.8% and 26.4%¸ re-spectively¸ at higher residue concentration (1%).The stimulation effect by undiluted extract, and higher residue concentration from rice straw tissue may contain water-soluble compounds that exert allelopathic effect on the growth of studied crops under controlled environmental and greenhouse conditions, and it may be recommend to incorpo-rate rice straw in the soil at higher concentration under field conditions. However more research is needed to identify these possible allelopathic com-pounds and demonstrate their potential field condi-tions.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
265
272
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14682_a923d50cc41939d3794ce9661210c7b2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14682
APPLICATION OF MACHINE VISION FOR DETECTION OF FOREIGN MATTER IN WHEAT GRAINS
G.K
Arafa
Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, P.O. Box 256, Nadi Elsaid St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
author
Elbatawi
I.E.
Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, P.O. Box 256, Nadi Elsaid St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
With the level of automation at every level of food production and the rates at which food is be-ing produced, it is becoming increasingly more important to have systems that can automatically detect foreign matter along the way. The color scheme could make a computer vision system very practical for foreign object detection and removal. Research at laboratory levels has demonstrated that machine vision is an effective method for clas-sification of cereal grains like wheat. Robust ma-chine vision algorithms have been developed and tested to extract morphological, color and textural features of wheat grains and dockage content. The samples used in this study were bulk images of Egyptian wheat (Sakha8) mixed with known quan-tities of barley, rice and stones (0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0% and 5%). Back propagation neural network (BPNN) and statistical classifiers were used for classifica-tion. Results of the study indicate that classification was reduced from about 97% for wheat mixed with stones to 96% for wheat mixed with rice and 93% for wheat mixed with barley (at 5.0% admix-ture).This trend indicates that the features of 1.0% foreign matter admixture started overlapping with other classes (of admixture). On the other hand, 94%, 95% and 97% of 5% barley, rice and stones admixtures (with wheat) were accurately classified using neural network classifier. Using machine vision system, the detection rate for foreign matter in otherwise clean wheat was 100% with no false positives. This detection scheme was based on a linear feature detector incorporating two orthogonal masks.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
275
284
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14692_a578f7830872df2c450f885d03a3992b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14692
DETECTING HOLLOW HEART OF POTATO TUBERS USING IMPACT SOUND
Elbatawi
I.E.
Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, P. O. Box 256, Nadi Elsaid St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
author
M.S.
Omran
Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
An acoustical sorting system was developed to detect hollow heart (cavity) of potato tubers (Spun-ta variety). The system includes a microphone and digital signal processing hardware. It was found that upon impact with a steel plate, potato tubers with no hollow heart emit sound with higher signal magnitudes than with hollow one. Linear discrimi-nate analysis was used to classify potato tubers using three features extracted from the micro-phone signal. One of the discriminate features is the integrated absolute value of microphone output signal. The other two features are the number of data points in the digitized microphone signal after impact that have a slope and signal magnitude below preset threshold levels. The classification accuracy of this system is approximately 98%. The internal quality of potato tubers can be detected by acoustic impact method. The resonant frequency of potato tubers after dropping was found from acquired signal. The hollow heart existence of po-tato tubers can be evaluated by the resonant fre-quency of vibration signal of dropping tubers. This technology of acoustics to evaluate the hollow heart existence is more reliable and accurate spe-cially for export.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
285
292
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14700_d0da4bbc7b845a7df16c5608068b8c3c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14700
RURAL PEOPLE’S ATTITUDES TOWARDS GIRLS EDUCATION IN SHARKIA AND BENI SUEF GOVERNORATES
Gehan A.G.
Elmenofi
Agriculture Extension and Rural Development Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
author
Yousry
A.M. Romiah
Agriculture Extension and Rural Development Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
The study aimed at identifying rural people’s at-titudes towards girls education through identifying the attitudes level of rural people, determining the significant differences between interviewees in both Sharkia and Beni Suef governorates, identify-ing the relationship between studied independent variables and attitudes degree of rural people to-wards girls education and finally determining the relative contribution of most important variables in explaining the variance in attitudes degree of rural people.The study was conducted in “Beni Amer and Al-Asloogy” villages from Zagazig district “markaz”, Sharkia governorate and “Belfia” and Tazmant Al-Sharkia” from Beni Suef district “markaz”, Beni Suef governorate. Data were collected by personal interview questionnaire after testing its validity, and data were collected during March and April 2007. The following statistical methods were used: Pearson simple correlation coefficient, t-test, step-wise analysis, frequencies and percentages.The following represent the most important results of the study: Rural people attitudes towards girl’s education in Sharkia and Beni Suef governorates were posi-tive representing about 53% and 49% respec-tively. No significant differences were found between the two studied governorates in regard of atti-tudes towards girls’ education. The most important related variables to rural people attitudes towards girls’ education in bothgovernorates were: interviewee’s age, interview-ee’s years of education, family’s monthly in-come, interviewee’s culture cosmopoliteness, in-terviewee’s participation degree in development projects, social organizations membership, pov-erty prevalence degree in village from interview-ees’ point of view and interviewee’s perception to local community problems, except family’s av-erage age, family size and degree of interview-ee’s utilization of local community services were effective only in Sharkia governorate. Four independent variables explain about 47% of the variance in the dependent variable (rural people attitudes degree towards girls’ education) in Sharkia governorate which are: interviewee’s age, satisfaction upon community provided ser-vices, interviewee’s organization membership, and family’s participation in developmental pro-jects. Three independent variables explain about 65% of the variance in the independent variable (rural people attitudes degree towards girls’ education) in Beni Suef governorate which are: family’s par-ticipation in developmental projects, interview-ee’s years of education and interviewee’s organ-ization membership. The most important reasons that apprehend rural people from educating their girls in both governorates were: low economic status, people unconvinced with education, traditions and cul-ture that prevent girls’ education. Their sugges-tions to enhance girls’ education were: convince and raise rural people’s awareness about girls’ education, expand school establishments in all villages regarding population density and de-crease young girls’ laborers phenomena.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
295
306
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14915_cdb5c2a880212df70082a306bf224dbf.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14915
RESPONSE OF FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.) TO COMBINED INOCULATION WITH RHIZOBIA, VA-MYCORRHIZAE AND PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA UNDER SANDY SOIL CONDITIONS
text
article
2008
eng
A pot experiment was conducted at controlled greenhouse of Bio-fertilizers production Unit; Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, ARC, Giza through the winter growing season of 2006/2007 to evaluate the effects of symbiotic ni-trogen fixing bacteria (Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae), phosphate solubilizing bacteria (Bacil-lus megaterium var. phosphaticum) and VAM fun-gus (Glomus sp.) on nodulation, N2-fixation, growth, N and P uptake of faba bean plants grown in phosphorus-deficient sandy soils. The obtained data resulted in significant increases in VA- Mycor-rhizal colonization ratios when soil inoculated with rhizobia and VA-Mycorrhizae as compared with the other treatments. In addition, rock-P fertilized plants exhibited significant increases in VAM colo-nization ratios when compared with those supple-mented with super-P. Concerning of dual inocula-tion with Rhizobium and Bacillus, the results indi-cated higher increases in VA- mycorrhizae coloni-zation ratios as compared with the uninoculated or inoculated treatments with rhizobia alone, being most pronounced in the rock-P amended soil. The obtained results showed clearly that combined inoculation of faba bean with rhizobia and VA-Mycorrhizae in a soil amended with rock-P or su-per-P, gave the highest significant increases in nodulation, nitrogen fixation, plant biomass, N and P uptake when compared with the plants inoculat-ed with Rhizobium alone. On the other hand, com-bined inoculation with Rhizobium and Bacillus megaterium did not record significant influence on the abovementioned parameters as compared to inoculation with Rhizobium alone.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
309
317
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14916_30a26eed06f9c1dd62057a90ffea032c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14916
EVALUATION OF ENRICHED COMPOST AND ITS ROLE IN SYNERGY WITH RHIZOBACTERIA AND N-FERTILIZATION FOR IMPROVING MAIZE PRODUCTIVITY IN SANDY SOIL
Abdel-Wahab
A.F.M.
Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst.; Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
Chopped rice straw supplemented with differ-ent amendments, namely organic (farmyard ma-nure and vinass); bio (mixture of Trichoderma har-zianum and Trichoderma viridi) and mineral (rock phosphate, bentonite, elemental sulfur and com-mercial nitric acid) to prepare enriched compost. After elapsing of composting process the prepared compost was monitored for its physio-chemical and microbiological characteristics as well as some maturity indices. Afterwards, enriched compost was evaluated in synergy with rhizobacteria (mix-ture of Serratia sp and Paenibacillus polymyxa) and graded levels of N-fertilizer as integrated ferti-lizer strategy for improving the growth and produc-tivity of maize plants grown in sandy soil through two field experiments executed at Ismailia Agricul-ture Research Station during successive summer season of 2005 and 2006. Results of enriched compost monitoring revealed that this product has an acceptable degree of the main physio-chemical properties such as color, bulk density, WHC, pH, EC and C/N ratio. Also, enriched compost exhibit-ed a valuable degree of fertilizer value, which re-flected by its content from macro and micronutri-ents. This end product has a high degree of micro-biological traits, which exhibited through the high counts of the main groups of microorganism and remarkable values of dehydrgenase and nitrogen-ase activities. In addition, all examined maturity indices exerted that this product has a reasonable degree of maturity and it can applied to plants without causing phytotoxicity or immobilization. Results of field experiments showed that growth aspects of maize plants were extremely affected by the mineral fertilization rather than organic and/or bio one. However, the highest values of plant vigor and N-content were attained as a results of the integrated fertilization strategy, particularly when maize plants received 120kg N/fed in combination with compost (at rate of 5 ton/fed) and rhizobacte-ria. The maize yield and its attributes appeared high response to applied N-fertilizer levels and organic fertilization. Irrespective of bio-organic ferti-lization, addition of N-fertilizer at levels of 60, 90 and 120 kg N/fed led to increase the grain yield by 103.70, 141.12 and 174.77%, respectively over control treatment (30 kg N/fed). On the other hand, topdressing of soil with enriched compost led to increase the grain yield of maize by 19.70% and this percentage increase raised to 25.76% when the organic manuring was conjugated with rhizo-bacteria under any level of N-fertilizer. However, the highest yield of maize was achieved in case of synergy between the high dose of N-fertilizer and 5 ton/fed from enriched compost for rhizobacterial inoculated grains.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
319
334
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14920_063f25d0adbda3959613dfa13509439f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14920
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AN EXTRACELLULAR HA-LO-ALKALINE PROTEASE PRODUCED BY Bacillus ISOLATES FROM FESEEKH (Mujil auratus) PRODUCTS
Samah H.
Abuhussien
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams Univ., Shobra El-Kheima Cairo, Egypt
author
Fatma R.
Nassar
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams Univ., Shobra El-Kheima Cairo, Egypt
author
Sohair A.
Nasr
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams Univ., Shobra El-Kheima Cairo, Egypt
author
A.A.M.
Abdelhafez
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams Univ., Shobra El-Kheima Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
Ninety five isolates were collected from com-mercially and laboratory manufactured feseekh products and tested for protease production on standard skim milk agar and gelatin media sup-plemented with 15% NaCl salt. They were identi-fied to be Bacillus isolates. Out of the 95 isolates, three Bacillus isolates (11pb, 14pb, 13pb) were selected based on their highest protease produc-tion. Five media were tested for select the most suitable medium for production by the three above isolates. Fish by-product medium gave the highest protease production by the three isolates, reaching 126.5, 136.5, 147.5 u/ml by 11pb, 14pb, 13pb, respectively. These levels were obtained between late logarithmic growth phase and beginning of stationary phase for the isolates. The highest Pro-tease production was obtained at pH 8, tempera-ture 30C and NaCl concentration 5%, the enzyme was stable at temperature ranged between 60 and 65C during the period tested (1h) and the prote-ase was optimally active at pH 10 and 60C. The enzyme was stable for 10 days at 30 C during the period tested (1 month) where it lost 10 % of its activity after 20 days while lost 85% of its activity after 30 days of storage at 30C. These properties make the enzyme suitable for detergent industry.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
335
347
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14924_3982bb1ee8196f91c9fc1879c8537631.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14924
SCREENING BREAD WHEAT GENOTYPES FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE 2- GENETIC PARAMETERS, ASSOCIATIONS AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS
Abd El-Moneim
D.A.
Fac. of Environ. Agric. Sci., Suez Canal Univ., Arish, Egypt
author
I.N.
Mohamed
Fac. of Agric., Suez Canal Univ., Ismailia, Egypt
author
A.H.
Belal
Fac. of Environ. Agric. Sci., Suez Canal Univ., Arish, Egypt
author
M.E.
Atta
Fac. of Environ. Agric. Sci., Suez Canal Univ., Arish, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
The present investigation was executed at two locations (El-Arish & (Rafah), Suez Canal University during rain-fed growing season (2006 / 2007) on screened ten bread wheat genotypes. Mean squares and some genetic parameters for the investigated characters are discussed. Grain yield was positively and significantly correlated with each of No. of spikes / plant under Arish conditions and 1000 grain weight as well as biological yield at both Arish and Rafah locations? . The main source (direct effects) of plant grain yield var-iation estimated under Arish conditions is 1000 grain weight followed by number of spikes / plant, number of grains /spike and biological yield. Estimates of characters re-sponsible for variation in order of relative im-portance were: number of spikes/plant (12.2%), No.of grains/spike (13.3%), 1000 grain weight (50.7%) and biological yield (17.5%) under Arish conditions while it could be arranged in descending order as 1000 grain weight (51.9%), number of grains / spike (45.5%), Number of spikelets / spike (1.4%) at Rafah environment.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
351
358
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14926_172fa74c81d3e8cbe718f2b5ffeda16f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14926
RESPONSE OF GROUNDNUT TO INTERCROPPING WITH SOME SESAME VARIETIES UNDER DEFERENT PLANT DENSITY
Abou-Kerisha
M.A.
Crop Intensification Research Department, Field Crop Research Institute Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
R.A
Gadallah
Crop Intensification Research Department, Field Crop Research Institute Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
E.E.A.
Mohamdain
Crop Intensification Research Department, Field Crop Research Institute Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
Two field trials were carried out at Shandaweel Research Station (Sohag governorate) during 2005 and 2006 summer seasons to investigate the response of groundnut to intercropping with three sesame varieties under different plant densities in relation to yield and yield component of both crops. A split plot design with three replicates was used. The main plots were devoted to sesame varieties (Shandaweel 3, Toshka 1 and Giza 32) while the sub plots were devoted for plant densities (100%, 67% and 50% representing three hill spacing of sesame i.e. 20, 30 and 40 cm. respectively). The groundnut (the main crop) was grown on all ridges at a normal plant density. The data obtained indi-cate that all studied traits of groundnut were de-creased when intercropping with sesame varieties as compared with solid crops. This reduction was higher when intercropped with sesame cv Giza 32 than with the other sesame varieties. Yield and yield components of groundnut were also signifi-cantly affected by the plant densities of sesame varieties. The yield of groundnut when inter-cropped with low sesame density (50%) exceeded that with high density of sesame (100%) by 31.66, 27.51 and 29.53 % in the first, the second and the combined of the two seasons respectively. The results also indicated that yields of all sesame va-rieties were decreased under intercropping condi-tion. Sesame Giza 32 variety surpassed the other varieties (Shandaweel 3 and Toshka 1) in plant height, number of branches, number of capsules / plant, seed yield / plant and seed yield / fad. The high plant density (100%) recorded the highest sesame seed yield / fad. where the increase was 46.93 and 13.50 % in the first season, 2.46 and 8.71% in the second season and 25.86 and 11.19% in the combined data over the low and medium density treatments, respectively. The re-sponse equations of pod yield / fad. of groundnut was linear with each decrease of sesame planting density and with higher magnitude under Toshka 1 than under the other to sesame varieties. The treatment of groundnut with Toshka 1 under low density had higher land equivalent ratio (LER) (1.41), intercropping advantage (IA) (582.8) and monetary advantage index (MAI) (1666.85). The treatment of groundnut with Giza 32 under low density had higher actual yield loss (AYL) (+1.245). It could be concluded that intercropping groundnut with Toshka 1 under medium density had favoured the growth and yield of both crops.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
359
375
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14938_879a066c72ba327081d471351f5eff01.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14938
PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND ITS APPLICATION OF DILL (AN-ETHUM GRAVEOLENS) AND PARSLEY (PETROSELINUM SATIVUM) AND THEIR ESSENTIAL OILS
Tolba
K.H.
Food Technology Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
S.M.
Youssef
Food Technology Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
E.S.
Abd-Elwahab
Food Technology Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
The chemical composition for both dill and parsley herbs were studied. The highest content of crude protein, crude fiber, ash content, carote-noids, total chlorophyll and essential oil contents were found in dill herb were 27.25, 13.38, 16.02%, 174.32, 530.47 mg/100g and 0.879% (on dry weight basis), respectively, compared with that found in parsley. On the other hand, parsley was rich in both of ascorbic acid and β-carotene which were 682.77 and 34.95 mg/100g (on dry weight basis), respectively. Minerals content of dill and parsley herbs were analyzed and the results indi-cated that the dill contained higher amounts of Na, Ca, Cu and Zn than that found in parsley. Some physical properties of dill and parsley essential oils such as (color, specific gravity at 15°C, refractive index at 20°C, optical rotation and solubility in di-luted ethyl alcohol) and some chemical properties (acid value, ester value and ester value after acetylation) were also studied. Composition of es-sential oils were identified, and contained (22.78%)phyllandrene and (23.85%) myristicin as the major terpene hydrocarbon compounds found in dill and parsley essential oils, respectively. The ability of extracted essential oils of dill and parsley as anti-microbial activity for (bacteria, yeast and mold) and as natural antioxidant agent applied in sunflower oil were also undertaken. The results indicated that the extracted essential oils of dill and parsley had antimicrobial activity which caused to inhibit the microorganisms growth and also, using these ex-tracted essential oils as antioxidant which caused to improve the sunflower oil stability as natural extracts, achieved nutritional and economical gain.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
379
387
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14953_08c9adfa0d08a1e141f5a02ecde76844.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14953
PRODUCTION AND EVALUATION OF NUTRACEUTICAL VEGETABLE JUICE BLENDS
El-Bastawesy
Amal M.
Food Technology Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
Lobna A.M.
Hareedy
Food Technology Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
W.A.
El-Malky
Drug Food Dept. National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Gi-za, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
A great interest has been recently focused on vegetable juices. So, this study was made as a trial to produce new untraditional vegetable juice blends with high balanced nutritive value. Thirteen different pasteurized vegetable juice blends were prepared. Four blends were only selected repre-senting the most favorite ones, which were pre-ferred by the panelists. The chosen blends were stored at 5 ±1oC for 3 months during which, the chemical composition, antioxidants activity as well as the microbial examination were carried out. The chemical composition of all selected blends was approximately similar except for blend 11 (carrot, watermelon, pumpkin, celery and parsley) having the lowest value of total acidity (0.054%) compared to the other blends. No significant differences were detected between the total phenolic compounds of those four blends and the control (imported com-mercial vegetable juice). Blend (4), (tomato, carrot and celery) had the highest contents of total phe-nols and total flavonoids being 16.65 and 31.25 mg /100 ml, respectively. Total carotenoids of all blends ranged from 7.69 to 12.09 mg/100 ml. Addi-tion of green leafy vegetables (celery and parsley) to blend (11) increased total chlorophyll content by more than two folds becoming greater (52.43 mg/100gm) than the other studied blends as well as the control sample. Meanwhile, ascorbic acid content ranged from 8.45 to 20.22 mg/100ml. Blend (3),( tomato, carrot, watermelon and rocket ) had the highest content of ascorbic acid, mean-while, blend (11), being free from tomato juice, had the lowest content. All selected blends had ade-quate minerals contents and could be considered sufficient sources of minerals to human nutrition. Also, insignificant differences in chemical composi-tion of the selected vegetable juice blends could be detected throughout the storage period. On the other hand, the thermal treatments, blanching and pasteurization reduced the activity of microorgan-isms and all products maintained their original sensory properties.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
389
397
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14965_48f5153a307ee1c6f0c32f050b6f950d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14965
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF CORN TASSELS EXTRACTS FRACTIONS
Mohsen
S.M.
Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
author
A.S.M.
Ammar
Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
author
Lamyaa
El-Sideek
Toxicology and Food Contaminants Department, National Research Center. Dokki, Gi-za, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
Corn is economically considered the most im-portant crop produced all-over the world. Tassels of corn plants (male spike collected after harvest-ing the crop) were chemically analyzed for their phenolic content and other compounds. The con-tents of phenolic fractions and other compounds especially those having value added were extract-ed by using different solvents i.e. water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, hexane, chloroform, butanol, petroleum ether and methylene chloride separately .Chemical compounds of the ethanolic extract were fractionated and identified by GC-MS. Antiox-idant activities of corn tassels fractions were de-termined as oxygen radical absorbance capacity with 1,1-Diphenyl -2- Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in ad-dition their efficiency at different concentrations on sunflower oil was evaluated .The antifungal activity of corn tassels extract fractions (extracted by using water and ethanol separately ) at different concen-trations ( i.e. 2,5 and10%) against different strains of fungi was tested . The inhibitory action for this fungus sp. was determined by using media broth. The results indicated that ethanol was the best solvent followed by methanol and water for extrac-tion of total phenols (i.e., 1575.0, 1125.0 and 737.5 mg/l, respectively) from ground corn tassels. Anti-oxidant capacities of corn tassels were ranged from 83.0 to 85.2, 69.9 to 83.7, 69.8 to 80.4, 22.2 to 49.1 and 14.8 to 19.3 for ethanol, methanol, acetone, butanol and water extracts, respectively. The induction period values proved that ethanolic extract of corn tassels possessed an antioxidant activity for lipid oxidation by two times compared to Tert.-Butyl Hydro-Quinone (TBHQ). Results also showed that water extract of corn tassels caused more inhibition to fungal growth than ethanol ex-tract. The rate of fungal growth inhibition was clear-ly recorded for Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp., A. parasiticus, A. flavus, and A. niger. The inhibition reached to more than 75% which could be attribut-ed to the presence of high content of imidazol in addition to polyphenols and flavonoids compounds in the corn tassel fractions. These results prove the utilization of these natural extracts as antioxidant agents as well as their ability to inhibit the growth of fungi producing toxins and consequently could be used in different purposes in food processing instead of synthetic compounds.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
399
406
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14974_6aa9e70027b8032a20c1b10eea0a86ca.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14974
CAROTENOID PIGMENTS COMPOSITION OF CALENDULA FLOWER AND ITS POTENTIAL USES AS ANTIOXIDANT AND NATURAL COLORANT IN MANUFACTURING OF HARD CANDY
Rizk
E.M.
Food Technology Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
K.H.
Tolba
Food Technology Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
Alia M.
El-Gharably
Home Economics Dept., Fac. Of Specific Education, Ain Shams Univ., Abbasiya, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
The composition profile of carotenoid pigment compounds of Calendula flower were identified by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and HPLC analy-sis it was found the these compounds were -carotene, creptoxanthin, lutein, flavoxanthin, leute-oxanthin, violaxanthin and zeaxanthin. The main carotenoids were -carotene, lutein and flovox-athin. The suitable carrier matrix for calendula flower carotenoid pigments were lactose, followed by dextrin, wheat flour and glucose. Consequently, the higher stability of calendula carotenoid pig-ments as a colorant material was observed in alka-line pH at pH ranging from 7 to 10 and temperature ranging from 40 to 70ºC. Meanwhile, the degrada-tion of calendula carotenoids did not exceed than 19.3% of total pigments after 180min at 100ºC. On the other hand, the antioxidant activity of calendula carotenoids was also studied by the rancimat test at 110ºC on sunflower oil by adding 100 to 500 ppm calendula carotenoids. However, sunflower oil containing 200 to 500 ppm recorded or higher in-duction period than 200 ppm BHT. On the other hand, analysis of variance for sensory evaluation of prepared hard candy indicated that, hard candy containing 0.3 and 0.35% natural calendula carot-enoid color had received the highest scores for color, taste and overall acceptability compared with those prepared with 0.1 and 0.5% which recorded the lowest scores in all tested quality attributes.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
407
417
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14976_e27e81236e093471804793b46785d86a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14976
SENSORIAL TEXTURE ATTRIBUTES OF "RAS"CHEESE IN RELATION TO ITS PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AS COMPARED WITH SOME MARKET IMPORTED CHEESES AT DIFFERENT AGES
Abd El-Aziz
M.
Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
author
Faten L.
Seleet
Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
author
A. A.
El-Nimr
Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
Sensorial textural of cheese could be affected more or less by different physico-chemical chang-es happened in the viscoelastic systems. Correla-tions between sensorial textural and physico-chemical properties of Egyptian "Ras" cheese in comparison with some market imported cheeses at different ages of ripening were studied. Two groups of Egyptian "Ras" cheese being mild (~4 months old) and over ripened (~12month old) were compared with three imported Australian cheese varieties being Cheddar (~6 months old), Edam (~4 months old) and Gouda (~3 months old). Sev-en expert judges, identified 7 textural mouth terms and 3 textural hand terms for sensory evaluation of all cheese types. Ras cheese (mild or ripened) showed higher firmness and salt/water phase (S/W), but were lower in moisture content, water activity (aw) than imported cheese types. Ras cheese characterized as lower in: degree of hand rate of recovery, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, mass smoothness and residual smoothness, while as higher in: degree of breakdown and first bite fracturability in the mouth. Differentiations in tex-ture parameters between different cheese types were affected to far extent by S/W phase, aw, mois-ture content as well as water soluble nitrogen (WSN) related to total protein. In addition, most of sensory terms were directly correlated with each others.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
419
426
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14977_8db364d6b38fe9180eccfd64d8f6e755.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14977
IMPROVEMENT OF QUALITY OF RAS CHEESE MADE FROM PASTEURIZED MILK USING A SPECIAL SLURRY FROM EWE'S MILK
Mehanna
N.M
Dairy Sci. Dept., Faculty of Agric., Kafr El-Sheikh Univ., Egypt
author
M.A.M.
Moussa
Dairy Res. Dept. Animal Prod. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Egypt
author
A.A.
Abd El-Khair
Food & Dairy Sci. Dept., Faculty of Agric., Sohag Univ., Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
The present study was carried out as an at-tempt to improve the quality of Ras cheese made from pasteurized cow's milk using ewe's milk slurry to which proteases and lipases were added. The slurry was incubated at 30ºC for one week, and then added either to the cheese milk prior to coag-ulation or directly to the cheese curd before press-ing. Cheeses were analysed for chemical, microbi-ological and organoleptic properties at 0, 15, 30, 60 and 90 d of ripening. Generally, the addition of slurry affected at least four parameters of interest for the flavour development. Cheese flavour devel-opment was accelerated, the proteolysis was en-hanced and casein breakdown was stimulated. Addition of slurry increased the levels of the total volatile fatty acids at each period of ripening, par-ticularly with addition of slurry to cheese curd. Ad-dition of slurry affected the microbiological quality of cheeses. Proteolytic and lipolytic bacterial counts increased throughout ripening, while yeast and moulds were no longer detectable in slurry added cheese after 30 d of ripening. Sensory eval-uation showed that the Ras cheeses made with the slurry received higher scores for flavor and body and texture than the control cheese over 90 d of ripening. These results suggested that the addition of ewe's milk slurry was necessary for develop-ment of sensory characteristics of the cheeses.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
427
436
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_14980_1b496b9cd56fdf3b20f8368be5142c24.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.14980
EFFECT OF HEATING TIME AT HIGH TEMPERATURE (145OC) ON αs-CASEIN and β-LACTOGLOBULIN POWDERS AT A RELATIVE HUMIDITY OF 95%
text
article
2008
eng
Lowry method was applied to measure the sol-ubility of αs-casein and β-lactoglobulin protein in solvent system consisting of sodium dodecyl-sulphate (SDS) and β-mercaptoethanol (ME). The approach was applied to αs-casein and β-lactoglobulin heated at temperature (145oc) at 95% relative humidity.The solubility of αs-casein in water and the sol-vent mixture as a function of heating time in the RH 95% environment was high and increased with increasing heating time. In contrast β-lactoglobulin showed a zero solubility in water at all heating time and very low solubility in mixture of solvents. The differences between the two proteins are apparent even after short (20minutes) heating time. The color results of both proteins indicated that the darkening increased with increasing heating time. Heated αs-casein had a wide molecular weight distribution range.This was evident from both SDS-PAGE and the GPC/Malls –RI systems.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
437
448
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15008_82abb929ee31614bb0f6d4171c907e40.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.15008
EFFECT OF SOME ORGANIC AND BIOFERTILIZER TREATMENTS ON MINIMIZING MINERAL NITROGEN FERTILIZATION OF WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES
Eman A.A.
Abd El-Moneim
Horticulture Crops Technology, National Research Center, Cairo
author
A.S.E.
Abd-Allah
Horticulture Crops Technology, National Research Center, Cairo
author
Sanaa S.
Ebeed
Horticultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Cairo
author
text
article
2008
eng
The present investigation was conducted dur-ing two successive seasons to study the effect of replacing mineral nitrogen fertilization by organic nitrogen source with or without biofertilizer addition on Washington Navel orange trees, under sandy soil conditions. Percentages of 100, 50, and 25% of mineral nitrogen were replaced by 50, 75 and 100% of organic nitrogen with or with out Saccha-romyces cerevisae (yeast) as a source of bioferti-lizer. Treatment of 50% mineral N + 50% organic N and treatment of 100% organic N as well as the control (100% mineral nitrogen) recorded the high-er values of N in the leaves especially in the sec-ond season. Treatments included organic fertiliza-tion raised N% in the second season. Phosphorus percentage in the leaves did not differ by treat-ments in both seasons. All treatments enhanced K content in the leaves especially in the second sea-son. On the other hand, adding biofertilizer treat-ments improved N, P and K content in the leaves especially in the presence of mineral N. As for yield per tree, all treatments increased number of fruits and yield weight/tree than the control especially in the second season. The effect of treatments on fruit quality was clearly shown in the first season, since most of the treatments improved fruit quality parameters especially treatment of 50% mineral N + 50% organic N fertilizers. On the other side, treatments containing organic or bio-fertilizer re-duced nitrogen, nitrate and nitrite values in fruit juice comparing with the control (100% mineral N fertilizer).
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
451
457
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15013_55156b57340b3e72789560948ceae6e3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.15013
RESPONSE OF SOME SWEET POTATO GENOTYPES TO A SLOW- RE-LEASE NITROGEN FERTILIZER UNDER ASSIUT CONDITIONS
Badawy
A.S.
Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
M.H.
Hosseny
Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
This work was carried out during the two sum-mer seasons of 2006 and 2007 at Arab El-Awammer Research Station (A.R.C.); Assiut, Egypt, to study the effect of Enciabien as a slow- release fertilizer on sweet potato plants grown in newly reclaimed soil. Three genotypes of sweet potato ( two clones Assiut 201, 202 and one culti-var 17/8) and four levels of nitrogen i;e. 20 N units of ammonium sulphate (control ), 20 N units , 40 N units and 60 N units of Enciabien were used in the present study. The results indicated that applying 60 N units of Enciabien gave the best result in most of studied characters. Also, genotype Assiut 201 was the best genotype under the experiment condition for the most studied characters. The in-teraction between 60 N unit of Enciabien and culti-var 17/8 gave the highest averages of vine weight, main stem length and highest number of branch-es/plant, while the interaction between 40 N units of Enciabien and Assiut 201 gave the best number of marketable storage roots/plant, weight of mar-ketable storage roots/plant, total yield/fed and av-erage of root diameter. High dry matter content and high starch root percentage were obtained from genotype Assiut 201 when received any of four tested nitrogen levels. While, high percentage of fiber in sweet potato roots were obtained from the interaction between Assiut 202 and all levels of nitrogen. The highest percentage of sugar content in sweet potato roots was obtained from cultivar 17/8 when received any of four used N levels.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
459
468
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15015_c46ebcaef957c14a5c3c7341df523bec.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.15015
SEED SPROUTS, A PHARAOH'S HERITAGE TO IMPROVE FOOD QUALITY
Abdallah
M.M.F
Horticulture Department Faculty of Agriculture Ain Shams University, Shobra El-Kheima, Cairo. Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
Three methods for growing Egyptian clover sprouts hydroponically in dark were compared. Growing sprouts using the glass jar method result-ed in the largest numerical yield of sprouts per equal unit pench area (6781 g/m2) with adequate yield per unit volume of seeds (8.7 g of sprouts/ g of seeds). The highest sprout yield per unit volume of seeds (>9 g of sprouts/ g of seeds) was ob-tained using covered panet method. Seeding den-sity at 4-6 g/100 cm2 of the panet and harvest of clover sprouts at 5 days old with soaking time is recommended to provide a product of highest pos-sible nutritional value (3.73 g of protein and 0.93 g of fiber / 100 g clover sprouts) for human foods. Four seeding rates for growing radish and rocket sprouts in soil in natural sun light were compared. Seeding rate at 60-80 g/m2 for radish and 30-40 g/m2 for rocket seeds were recommended to pro-vide a green sprouts of high yield with good sprout physical characters and good nutritional value (2.1 g of protein and 0.7 g of fiber/ 100 g fresh rocket sprouts and 1.68 g of protein and 0.54 g of fiber/ 100 g fresh radish sprouts). The lipid content of the sprouts was relatively low (0.03 – 0.16 % on a fresh weight basis). Raw clover sprouts had the lowest content of lipid and therefore, could be rec-ommended for lowing weight. Development of food products from germinated clover, radish and rocket may be promising in Egyptian human foods for their nutritional advantageous due to low content of fats and high protein utilization.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
469
478
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15018_c4be94cfea2e730c87086ea8969bf4d8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.15018
INFLUENCE OF GROWING SWEET PEPPER IN COMPACTED RICE STRAW BALES COMPARED WITH NATURAL SOIL, ON INFECTION WITH PATHOGENIC FUNGI AND NEMATODES UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS
Hanan A.
El-Marzoky
Suez Canal University, Faculty of Agriculture, Ismailia, Egypt
author
M.A.
Abdel-Sattar
Suez Canal University, Faculty of Agriculture, Ismailia, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
Rice straw bales could be used as a growing media for cultivation of vegetable crops instead of soil. The present study, which is considered the first in this respect in Egypt, aimed to evaluate the effect of using rice straw bales as a medium for cultivation of pepper on the disease infection by root pathogens. The cultivation of sweet pepper seedling cv.4408 F1 hybrid on rice straw bales was carried out in two locations: in El-Ismailia Gover-norate (Abo-Swear and El-Ferdan Districts), under plastic net greenhouse conditions during 7-10 May. 2007. In the first location, Abo-Swear, the disease incidence of root rot, wilt and root knot nematodes in sweet pepper plants grown in rice straw bales reached 1.1, 0.85 and 0.0% respectively. However, the corresponding figures for sweet pepper plants grown in natural soil under the same conditions were 14.8, 21.9 and 33.2%, respectively. The same trend was observed in the second location El-Ferdan district. Determination of pathogenic nematodes in rice straw bales and natural soil re-vealed the presence of 80 juvenile (J2) of Meloido-gyne spp. and 120 juvenile (J2) of Tylenchorhyn-chus sp. per 250 g natural soil. However, the path-ogenic nematodes were absent in rice straw bales. Isolation trials from naturally root –rotted and wilted pepper plants grown in natural soil and compacted rice straw bales under plastic net house conditions indicated that both Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht and Rhizoctonia solani kuhn were the most fre-quent isolated fungi . Other associated fungi be-longing to the genera Pythium, Sclerotiom, Tricho-derma and Rhizopus showed the lowest frequen-cy. Pathogenicity of the most frequent isolated fungi was proved and showed that pepper plants were attacked by F. oxysporum and R. solani. Pepper grown in rice bales showed better growth and increased fruit number and weight compared with those grown in natural soil. The pH around the roots in straw bales ranged from 6.3 to 6.6 which pored to be a slightly acidic substrate. However, the pH around roots in the natural soil ranged from 7.4 to 8.5, alkaline soil. So, sowing in rice straw can solve the conditions of alkalinity and salinity in rhizosphere of pepper plants. On the other hand, plants grown in rice bales recorded lower E.C. (1.75 Mmohs cm-1) value around the roots com-pared with the natural soil (2.55 Mmohs cm-1) at the end of the experiment. On the basis of the above results, it could be recommended that using rice straw bales as a growing media in replacing naturally infested soil, can improve the production of pepper under greenhouse conditions for expor-tation. Also, avoiding the serious environmental air pollution called the "Black Cloud" when disposed about 5 million tons of rice straw every year by burning.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
481
492
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15023_33f8c4196ff5b7745824731b9479e173.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.15023
RELATIVE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF CERTAIN POTATO VARIETIES TO POTATO TUBER MOTH, PHTHORIMAEA OPERCULELLA (ZELLER) INFESTATIONS
Youssef
Gh.A.
Plant Protection Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Kheima Cairo, Egypt
author
G.B.
El–Saadany
Plant Protection Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Kheima Cairo, Egypt
author
M.S.
Abdel-Wahed
Plant Protection Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Kheima Cairo, Egypt
author
Y.E.
Abdallah
Plant Protection Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Kheima Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
Field trials and laboratory experiments were undertaken for monitoring the relative susceptibility of four potato varieties namely; Atlas, Spunta, Simone and Nicola to potato tuber moth (PTM) Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) infestations. Ex-periments were carried out for two summer planta-tions during 2006 and 2007. Results obtained indi-cate that Nicola potato variety was the least sus-ceptible one among the four tested varieties. The least infestation (5.5 & 7.17) as average number of larvae/100 leaves, percentages of tuber infestation (5% & 18%) and number of larve/100 tubers (5 & 20) was recorded for Nicola variety in the two sea-sons, respectively. The analysis of variance yield-ed significant differences among the four tested varieties. Positive and highly significant relation-ships were recorded between plant age and the corresponding infestation (r = +0.91 for 2006 and +0.93 for 2007). Chemical analysis for tubers showed a positive relationship between lowest sap content of free phenol and the least level of PTM infestations. That will explain why Nicola variety is considered as least susceptible to PTM infestation where it had the least concentration of free phe-nols (19.507 ppm.). The other verities which demonstrated high concentrations of free phenols harboured the highest levels of infestation with PTM. Positive and highly significant correlation were detected between free phenols content and both tuber infestation & larval content (r=+0.80 and +0.96) respectively.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
495
501
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15029_c550f805d8184bddff258fb3517568de.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.15029
DETERMINATION OF PESTICIDES RESIDUES IN HONEY BY USING DIFFERENT EXTRACTION METHODS AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH ELECTRON CAPTURE DETECTION
Abd Al-Rahman a
Sh.H.
Dept. of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution, Central Agricultural Pesti-cides Laboratory (CAPL), ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
In this study three analytical methods for the extraction of pesticide residues in spiked honey samples were evaluated. They have been applied to identification and quantification of targeted thirty five pesticides from different chemical groups and the possibility of identification of any other eluting compounds. Such methods are based on liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) with different organic sol-vents; ethyl acetate (method_1), n-hexane (meth-od_2) and (petroleum ether: ethyl acetate 80:20 v/v) (method_3), followed by clean-up with florisil and quantification by gas chromatography-electron-capture detection (GC-ECD). Recoveries of the applied spiked samples were ranged from (64.86 – 113.01 %), (64.67 – 111.28 %) and (67.48 – 107.82 %) with the three mentioned methods, respectively. The best results were obtained from ethyl acetate method.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
503
509
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15038_ec097e9e84a704eb07f59f86ebc601ea.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.15038
EFFECT OF APPLICATION OF RICE STRAW COMPOST AND BIO-FERTILIZER ON P AVAILABILITY IN CALCAREOUS SOILS: 1- RESPONSE OF P UPTAKE AND P - QUANTITY – INTENSITY PARAMETERS IN TWO DIFFERENT CALCAREOUS SOILS
Abu-Hussin
H.E.
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shobra El-Kheima Cairo, Egypt
author
Manal M.
Mohamed
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shobra El-Kheima Cairo, Egypt
author
A.S.
Ismail
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shobra El-Kheima Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
Two different calcareous soils (15 and 31 % CaCO3 contents) were subjected to application of 0, 2 and 4 % mature P enriched rice straw compost with and without inoculation with Bacillus mega-therium, the phosphate dissolving bacteria (PDB) before planting barley grains in pots containing 4 kg soil under greenhouse conditions. Measure-ments of plant growth and P uptake as well as evaluation of Olsen-P and P- Q / I kinetic parame-ters in cultivated soils were followed up at 3, 6 and 9 weeks from planting. Obtained results confirmed the significant beneficial action of compost and/or PDB applications in increasing growth and P up-take by plants grown on both tested calcareous soils with values were dramatically lower in the 31% than in the 15% CaCO3 soil. Values of meas-ured Olsen –P were affected by the application of compost and PDB in both tested soils in a manner similar to that of P uptake where significant in-creases were recorded particularly as the growth season gets advanced with lower values were ob-tained in the high CaCO3 soil. Application of rice straw compost and/or PDB activated the kinetic parameters describing P availability in both tested calcareous soils. Correlation coefficients between P uptake by whole plants and the different parame-ters expressing P availability in soils revealed high sensitivity of the parameters of phosphorus buffer-ing capacity (PBC) and Olsen-P in predicting soil P status and subsequently controlling P fertilization for long growth season plants grown on the lower calcareous soil (15% CaCO3). The parameter of Q0 proved its significant possibility to be used for very short growth season plants grown on both lower and higher (15 and 31% CaCO3) calcareous soils. Other tested parameters, even the Olsen-P, lost their sensitivity in predicting P status in the higher calcareous soil; the application of rice straw com-post and/or bio fertilizer couldn't meet sufficiently or meet hardly P requirements of plants grown on the high CaCO3 soil. So, additional work seemed to be needed to cover this shortage in controlling P fertilization in the high CaCO3 content soil.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
513
521
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15040_54479670c08e119f38adf1a6236ee10c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.15040
EFFECT OF APPLICATION OF RICE STRAW COMPOST AND BIO-FERTILIZER ON P AVAILABILITY IN CALCAREOUS SOILS: 2- IMPROVEMENT OF P UPTAKE AND P- Q/I PARAMETERS BY INORGANIC P FERTILIZATION IN HIGH CaCO3 CALCAREOUS SOIL
Manal M.
Mohamed
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shobra El-Kheime Cairo, Egypt
author
H.E.
Abu-Hussin
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shobra El-Kheime Cairo, Egypt
author
A.S.
Ismail
Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shobra El-Kheime Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
Effect of inorganic P fertilization on the re-sponse of barely growth and P uptake as well as different parameters expressing P availability in-cluding those of P- quantity- intensity relation ship was evaluated for a high CaCO3 content calcare-ous soil (31 %) subjected to application of 0, 2 and 4 % mature rice straw compost with and without inoculation with Bacillus megatherium, the phos-phate dissolving bacteria (PDB). Measurements of plant growth and P uptake as well as evaluation of Olsen-P and P- Q / I parameters in the cultivated soil were followed up at 3, 6 and 9 weeks from cultivation. Obtained results indicated a significant positive action for P fertilization in increasing the significant activation of growth and P status in grown barley plants resulted from application of used rice straw compost and /or bio-fertilizer. Inor-ganic P fertilization also increased values of the different parameters describing P availability in the concerned soil and alleviated significantly the de-pressive action of high existence of CaCO3 in P availability. This is true if the response was regard-ed to P fertilization or to the activating the roles of the application of both rice straw compost and used bio fertilizer. Equations calculated for re-gression of P uptake by different plant parts over the different parameters of P availability in the tested soil and as responded to P fertilization showed that the parameter of P capacity (Q0) is more suitable, if compared to Olsen-P and other kinetic parameters such as equilibrium P potential (EPP) and P buffering capacity (PBC) and its sen-sitivity increased with inorganic P fertilization to this calcareous soil having high CaCO3 content (31 %).
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture
1110-2675
16
v.
2
no.
2008
523
535
https://ajs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15045_ce918139269a299fba1e70517a7af3c7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2008.15045